Practice Report for Surveying

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Faculty of Science and Technology
University of Macau

Practice Title: Traverse Measurement and Coordinates

Date of Practice: 27/11/2024

Date of Submission: 15/12/2024

Group No.9

Group Members:
ZHU HAOZHENG (D-C3-2767-1)
TIAN YE (D-C3-2774-7)
ZHENG PEIFENG (D-C3-2775-6)
KOU KAI CHIT (D-C3-2664-4)
SUN QI (D-C3-2789-8)
Purpose
Establishing a Horizontal Control Network: To extend existing horizontal
control points and provide accurate foundational data for topographic
mapping and engineering projects.

Constructing New Control Points: To establish new, precisely located

control points based on known coordinates, facilitating the setup of survey
stations and precise positioning over a larger area.

Coordinate Computation and Map Drawing: To compute the coordinates of

traverse points using measured distances and angles, and to accurately map
the target area (e.g., buildings, rivers, passages).

Error Analysis and Adjustment: Identify, calculate, and adjust measurement

errors, including angular and linear misclosures, to ensure the traverse meets
accuracy requirements.

Enhancing Surveying Skills: To integrate traverse measurement, data

processing, and map creation, while improving teamwork and practical
surveying competencies.

Equipment
Total Station, Tripod, Plumb Bob, Hand Level, Tape, Leveling Beam and
Marker

Work Distribution
SUN QI: Data and Data Analysis
KOU KAI CHIT: Data and Data Analysis
ZHU HAOZHENG: Data and Data Analysis
TIAN YE: AutoCAD drawing
ZHENG PEIFENG: Report Writing
Procedure

1) Choose suitable stations which can see the necessary points. (Get given
red spots)
2) Get the necessary horizontal distances and angles.
3) When measuring, sketch the map roughly so that can figure it out.
4) Use software and get the blue spots shown on the graph. Connect all the
spots.
5) Repeat these steps in the rest of the points.

Raw Data
1 distance(m) angle(from the north) 2 distance(m) angle(from BS) 3 distance(m) angle(from the North) 4 distance(m) angle(from FS) 5 distance(m) angle(from the FS)
J 31.042 91°45′58″ BS(3) 22.669 BS(4) 19.7405 94°45′11″ BS(5) 16.8750 197°42′27″ BS(4) 16.875
FS(2） 34.98 273°35′23″ FS(1) 34.972 172°01′54″ FS(2) 22.6632 262°24′18″ FS(3) 19.7155 FS
A6 30.892 100°44′41″ A1 40.333 234°29′57″ A1 44.9797 146°18′57″ A1 38.1357 71°56′45″ A1 49.298 38°14′54″
B5 32.527 114°58′40″ A2 33.520 A2 38.0522 A2 32.6030 A2 43.576
B6 7.329 A3 28.996 A3 33.2017 A3 28.3671 A3 38.604
C4 38.512 133°11′05″ A4 21.240 A4 26.0679 A4 22.9313 A4 32.127
C5 16.502 A5 10.722 A5 14.8659 A5 14.2943 A5 22.493
C6 2.789 A6 0.853 A6 3.2774 A6 0.5240 A6 4.885
D1 40.061 152°49′29″ B1 34.877 264°07′29″ B1 36.9403 177°07′03″ B1 34.5819 96°22′03″ B1 41.371 55°14′54″
D2 35.725 B2 29.759 B2 31.8181 B2 30.8756 B2 37.591
D3 30.63 B3 25.726 B3 27.7833 B3 26.8713 B3 33.374
D4 24.182 B4 19.059 B4 22.6740 B4 20.7846 B4 26.536
D5 11.454 B5 9.589 B5 14.8659 B5 13.4240 B5 19.541
D6 2.51 B6 0.7315 B6 2.7768 B6 0.4700 B6 3.979
E1 35.185 168°34′10″ C1 40.685 295°48′48″ C1 41.8569 210°03′41″ C1 31.5907 102°55′17″ C2 40.505 73°45′25″
E2 30.815 C2 34.648 C2 37.1677 C2 27.3980 C3 35.482
E3 26.872 C3 29.975 C3 32.5335 C3 20.4247 C4 26.99
E4 20.912 C4 23.450 C4 26.1335 C4 13.6738 C5 18.752
E5 10.192 C5 11.818 C5 11.9868 C5 0.4755 C6 3.641
F1 39.683 206°07′57″ C6 0.849 C6 3.1730 D1 31.3752 115°55′29″ D2 52.288 84°52′26″
F2 32.15 D1 44.603 303°20′11″ D1 41.7917 217°49′27″ D2 23.3319 D3 43.693
F3 32.15 D2 38.080 D2 36.1880 D3 14.9509 D4 30.824
F4 20.599 D3 32.829 D3 28.8227 D4 0.4930 D5 19.168
F5 10.55 D4 26.150 D4 18.5330 D6 3.706
F6 2.497 D5 13.377 D5 3.4400 E3 61.66 95°21′30″
D6 0.975 E4 37.62
E5 20.692
E6 3.738
F4 48.13 99°49′12″
F5 21.635
F6 3.805
G5 23.798 125°38′28″
G6 5.229
H6 15.978 145°15′49″
I6 6.268 133°34′40″
 Calculations
point 1 X Y point 2 X Y point 3 X Y point 4 X Y point 5 X Y
1 20 20 2 51.03 19.04 3 73.97 17.16 4 93.53 19.77 5 110.14 16.81
2 51.03 19.04 A1 71.7497059 - 15.56411358 A1 98.91639387 - 20.26794204 A1 110.0373989 - 14.607862 A1 142.89 - 20.03
A6 50.35 14.24 A2 68.24975905 - 9.718829919 A2 95.07430191 - 14.5035179 A2 107.6425173 - 9.620346445 A2 139.09 - 15.76
B5 45.48 6.28 A3 65.92570804 - 5.837417432 A3 92.38414427 - 10.46738087 A3 105.8089679 - 5.801846046 A3 135.79 - 12.04
B6 26.64 16.91 A4 61.94132703 0.816922808 A4 88.42763535 - 4.531292966 A4 103.4560304 - 0.901682097 A4 131.49 - 7.19
C4 48.08 - 6.36 A5 56.53806255 9.840949451 A5 82.21484371 4.789974332 A5 99.71742313 6.884240126 A5 125.09 0
C5 32.03 8.71 A6 51.46794286 18.30858883 A6 75.78769357 14.43285115 A6 93.75681836 19.29763422 A6 112.78 13.84
C6 22.03 18.1 B1 51.71307373 - 15.83031028 B1 75.82764997 - 19.73356178 B1 94.27082307 - 14.80396403 B1 127.93 - 20.74
D1 38.3 - 15.64 B2 51.61283657 - 10.71329196 B2 75.57006531 - 14.61784257 B2 94.19142568 - 11.09851456 B2 125.93 - 17.31
D2 36.32 - 11.78 B3 51.53384938 - 6.681065526 B3 75.36716371 - 10.58814755 B3 94.10564445 - 7.095133485 B3 124.15 - 13.48
D3 33.99 - 7.25 B4 51.40327472 - 0.015344316 B4 75.11022776 - 5.485312024 B4 93.97525347 - 1.009830281 B4 121.71 - 8.21
D4 31.04 - 1.51 B5 51.21780268 9.452839255 B5 74.71757484 2.312908882 B5 93.81757266 6.349080584 B5 118.35 - 0.92
D5 24.65 9.81 B6 51.04432659 18.30864031 B6 74.10963943 14.38671331 B6 93.54006847 19.30010786 B6 111.67 13.51
D6 21.146 17.77 C1 30.34019674 - 15.99143254 C1 53.00272331 - 19.06669438 C1 90.59746117 - 11.68429291 C2 114.4657 - 23.46
E1 26.97 - 14.49 C2 33.41023096 - 10.79333107 C2 55.35167303 - 15.00824248 C2 90.98666608 - 7.509696783 C3 113.93 - 18.47
E2 26.11 - 0.20 C3 35.78662154 - 6.76968884 C3 57.67307174 - 10.99739249 C3 91.63399182 - 0.56650715 C4 113.03 - 10.03
E3 25.27 - 6.04 C4 39.10482152 - 1.15139961 C4 60.87900842 - 5.458261686 C4 92.26067234 6.155242796 C5 112.14 - 1.83
E4 24.14 - 0.5 C5 45.02011687 8.864223429 C5 67.96548098 6.785554205 C5 93.48585972 19.29655319 C6 110.53 13.2082
E5 22.02 10.01 C6 50.5982526 18.30897662 C6 72.38055671 14.41380281 D1 83.66297246 - 10.01329973 D2 105.6 - 35.28
F1 2.52 - 15.62 D1 23.51481571 - 16.06473248 D1 48.34164632 - 15.85111444 D2 86.19246909 - 2.378096933 D3 106.34 - 26.72
F2 5.84 - 8.86 D2 27.53879497 - 10.93081391 D2 51.77806086 - 11.42477184 D3 88.82816728 5.577671795 D4 107.46 - 13.26
F3 7.87 - 4.73 D3 30.77808903 - 6.798021268 D3 56.29475947 - 5.606947698 D4 93.37495893 19.3020136 D5 108.47 - 2.29
F4 10.93 1.51 D4 34.89830327 - 1.541323103 D4 62.60481795 2.52084955 D6 109.818 13.12
F5 15.35 10.53 D5 42.77785059 8.511649746 D5 71.86045345 14.4427563 E3 93.69 - 42.62
F6 18.9 17.76 D6 50.42853138 18.27262753 E4 100.11 - 19.45
E5 104.62 - 3.13
E6 109.14 13.21
F4 93.73 - 28.44
F5 102.76 - 3.53
F6 108.84 13.23
G5 93.09 0.09
G6 106.39 13.14
H6 95.62 10.15
I6 104.64 13.1

AutoCAD Drawing
Conclusion
Through the traverse measurement and coordinate calculation experiment,
we successfully determined the approximate outlines and positional
relationships of objects such as road edges, riverbanks, and buildings. The
experiment provided hands-on experience in using surveying instruments
and applying coordinate computations to derive spatial relationships.

This project highlights the importance of precise measurements and effective

error management in surveying, forming a reliable basis for mapping and
further spatial analysis.
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