Expense Category   Expense
Indirect Labor      $20,000
Fringe Benefits      16,000
Computer Systems     10,000
Machinery             8,000
Maintenance           4,000
Energy                2,000
  Total             $60,000
Exhibit 1 Traditional Income Statement
                      Blue      Black      Red       Purple     Total
Sales                $75,000     $60,000   $13,950     $1,650   $150,600
Material Costs        25,000      20,000     4,680        550     50,230
Direct Labor          10,000       8,000     1,800        200     20,000
Overhead @300%        30,000      24,000     5,400        600     60,000
Total Operating      $10,000      $8,000    $2,070       $300    $20,370
Income
Return on Sales        13.6%       13.3%    14.8%      18.2%      13.5%
Exhibit 2 Direct Costs and Activity Cost Drivers
                                                    Blue     Black        Red      Purple      Total
Production Sales Volume                            50,000    40,000      9,000     1,000      100,000
Unit Selling Price                                  $1.50     $1.50      $1.55     $1.65
Materials-unit cost                                 $0.50     $0.50      $0.52     $0.55
Direct labor hrs/unit                                0.02      0.02       0.02      0.02       2,000
Machine hours/unit                                    0.1       0.1        0.1      0.1       10,000
                                                    5000      4000        900       100
Production runs                                       50        50         38        12        150
Setup time/run                                         4         1          6        4          15
Total setup time (hours)                             200        50        228        48        526
Parts administration                                   1         1          1        1           4
Computer Systems Record Keeping($2000)               500         500          500      500
Computer Systems($10000)                       2666.6667    2666.667    2026.667       640
Indirect Labour Cost(PR)                       3333.3333    3333.333    2533.333       800
Indirect Labour Cost(ST)                       3041.8251    760.4563    3467.681 730.038
Indirect Labour Cost(AD)                             500         500          500      500
Fringe Benefits IL Cost (PR)                   1333.3333    1333.333    1013.333       320
Fringe Benefits IL Cost(ST)                      1216.73    213.3333        1280 853.3333
Fringe Benefits IL Cost(AD)                          200         200          200      200
Fringe benefits DL($8000)                           4000        3200          720        80
Machinery($8000)                                    4000        3200          720        80
Maintenance($4000)                                  2000        1600          360        40
Energy ($2000)                                      1000         800          180        20
Total                                          23291.888    17807.12       13001 4263.371
Overhead/unit                                        0.47        0.45        1.44     4.26
Materilal Cost                                        0.5         0.5        0.52     0.55
Direct Labour                                         0.2         0.2          0.2      0.2
Cost Price/Unit                                      1.17        1.15        2.16     5.01
Selling Price/Unit                                   1.50         1.5        1.55     1.65
Profit/Loss                                          0.33        0.35       -0.61    -3.36
Sales                                           75000.00       60000       13950     1650
Return on Sales                                  22.28%      23.65%      -39.65% -203.84%
      Indirect Labour
10000 50% production run                PR
 8000 40% Setup time                    ST
 2000 10% Administration Cost           AD
                                        PR          ST
 8000 Fringe benefits Indirect Labour        4000        3200
 8000 Fringe benefits direct Labour          4000        3200
AD
     800
     800