SCENARIOS AND APPLICATIONS
OF GOVERNANCE
DEVELOPMENT IN ACHIEVING
THE 17 SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS)
By: SAMRUDIN Z. HARON
FERDINAND J. JUYO
KENT LAURENCE P. MADAYAG
What are the 17 Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs)?
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are common, universal
goals for member states of the United Nations to transform the world into
a fairer, more prosperous and peaceful society until 2030. They were
adopted in September 2015 as successors to the Millennium Goals.
THE 17 GOALS
1. No Poverty 10. Reduced Inequalities
2. Zero Hunger 11. Sustainable Cities and
3. Good Heal & Well Being Communities
4. Quality Education 12. Responsible Consumption
and Production
13. Climate Action
6. Clean Water and Sanitation
14. Life Below Water
7. Affordable and Clean Energy
15. Life On Land
8. Decent work and
Economic Growth 16. Peace, Justice, and
9. Industry, Innovation Strong Institution
and Infrastructure 17. Partnership for the
Goals
“End poverty in all its “End hunger, achieve food security,
improve nutrition, and promote
forms everywhere”
sustainable agriculture”
Despite significant progress, poverty
remains a major issue, with about Agriculture employs a
16.6% of Filipinos living below the significant portion of the
poverty line. Many rural areas and
workforce, but food
indigenous communities still face
extreme poverty, while income
insecurity remains due to
inequality persists, exacerbating climate change, outdated
access to basic services. practices, and reliance on
imports. Many rural
households face hunger
and malnutrition.
GOVERNANCE ACTIONS
• Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino
Program (4Ps) GOVERNANCE ACTIONS
• Agricultural Programs
• National Anti-Poverty • Farm-to-Market Roads
Commission (NAPC)
• Feeding Programs
• Sustainable Livelihood Program • Sustainable Farming
(SLP)
• Microfinance and Social
Protection
“Ensure healthy lives and promote “Ensure inclusive and equitable
well-being for all at all ages” quality education and promote
Access to healthcare services is uneven, with lifelong learning opportunities for all”
rural areas often underserved. Non-
communicable diseases (NCDs), maternal While the Philippines has made strides
and child mortality, and infectious diseases in improving access to education,
challenges like overcrowded
like tuberculosis and dengue are pressing
classrooms, lack of educational
health issues. The COVID-19 pandemic materials, and disparities between
further stressed the healthcare system, urban and rural education persist. The
highlighting the need for stronger public COVID-19 pandemic also disrupted
health infrastructure. education, especially in remote areas.
GOVERNANCE ACTIONS GOVERNANCE ACTIONS
•Universal Health Care (UHC) Act • K-12 Education Program
•Community Health Programs
• Free Tertiary Education Act
•Expanded Immunization
• Alternative Learning System
Programs:
•Mental Health Act (ALS)
Implementation:
• Digital Education Initiatives
“Achieve gender equality and “Ensure availability and sustainable
management of water and sanitation
empower all women and girls”
for all”
Women in the Philippines are active in Access to clean water and sanitation remains a
politics and business but still face challenge in many rural and urban areas, with an
challenges like gender-based violence, estimated 7.5 million Filipinos lacking access to
wage inequality, and safe drinking water and millions more without
proper sanitation facilities. Water pollution,
underrepresentation in leadership
flooding, and climate change exacerbate these
positions.
issues.
GOVERNANCE ACTIONS GOVERNANCE ACTIONS
• Magna Carta of Women: • National Water Resources
• Gender and Development Board (NWRB)
(GAD) Budget • Local Water and
• Anti-Violence Against Sanitation Programs
Women and Children • Clean Water Act
(VAWC) Act • Community-based Water
• Promoting Women in Systems
Leadership
“Ensure access to affordable, “Promote sustained, inclusive and
sustainable economic growth, full and
reliable, sustainable and modern
productive employment and decent
energy for all”
The Philippines relies heavily on fossil work for all”
fuels for energy, leading to high The Philippines has a growing economy but
electricity costs and environmental faces challenges such as unemployment,
concerns. While renewable energy underemployment, and income inequality.
sources like solar, wind, and hydro have The COVID-19 pandemic further
potential, their full integration into the
energy grid is still a work in progress, exacerbated economic vulnerabilities,
especially in rural areas. especially in informal sectors like
agriculture and retail.
GOVERNANCE ACTIONS GOVERNANCE ACTIONS
• Renewable Energy Act of • Philippine Development Plan
2008 (PDP) 2023-2028:
• National Renewable Energy • Inclusive Growth Programs
Program (NREP) • Labor and Employment
• Off-Grid and Rural Programs
Electrification Programs • Formalization of Informal
• Energy Efficiency and Employment
Conservation Act
“Build resilient infrastructure, “Reduce inequality within and
The Philippines has made strides
promote inclusive and in infrastructure development but among countries” Despite economic growth, inequality
sustainable industrialization still faces challenges like remains a significant issue in the
inadequate transportation Philippines, particularly between urban and
and foster innovation” systems, unreliable power supply, rural areas, as well as among different
and low technological innovation,
especially in rural areas. The social classes. The poorest communities
government aims to improve continue to experience limited access to
industrialization and infrastructure healthcare, education, and job
to boost economic growth and opportunities, and marginalized groups
reduce regional disparities. such as indigenous peoples and persons
with disabilities face systemic
disadvantages.
GOVERNANCE ACTIONS
• Build, Build, Build Program GOVERNANCE ACTIONS
• Philippine Innovation Act • Social Amelioration Program
• Renewable Energy (SAP)
Development • Conditional Cash Transfer
• Support for MSMEs (Micro, Programs (4Ps)
Small, and Medium • Inclusive Development
Enterprises) Policies
• Tax Reform for Acceleration
and Inclusion (TRAIN) Act
“Make cities and human “Ensure sustainable consumption and
settlements inclusive, safe, production patterns”
resilient and sustainable” The Philippines faces challenges in managing waste,
resource overuse, and unsustainable production
Rapid urbanization in the Philippines has led practices. While the country is rich in natural
to challenges such as overcrowding,
resources, rapid consumption, waste generation,
inadequate infrastructure, traffic congestion,
and the growing risk of natural disasters in
and improper disposal have contributed to
densely populated areas. Many cities also environmental degradation, including pollution and
face issues like informal settlements, waste loss of biodiversity
management problems, and air pollution.
GOVERNANCE ACTIONS
GOVERNANCE ACTIONS •Ecological Solid Waste
•National Urban Management Act (RA 9003)
Development and Housing •Extended Producer
Framework (NUDHF) Responsibility (EPR)
•Build, Build, Build Program •Green Public Procurement:
•Solid Waste Management •Sustainable Tourism
Act (RA 9003) Programs:
•Disaster Risk Reduction and •Promoting Renewable Energy
Management (DRRM) and Sustainable Agriculture
“Take urgent action to combat “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas
climate change and its and marine resources for sustainable
impacts” The Philippines, an archipelago, is home to
development”
The Philippines is one of the most rich marine biodiversity, including coral
vulnerable countries to the reefs, fish species, and coastal ecosystems.
impacts of climate change, However, the country faces severe
including typhoons, rising sea challenges like overfishing, illegal fishing
levels, and extreme weather practices, marine pollution, and habitat
events. This vulnerability is degradation, which threaten the health of
exacerbated by high poverty its marine ecosystems and the livelihoods
rates, which make it more difficult of millions of people who rely on fishing
for many communities to adapt to and tourism.
climate-related risks
GOVERNANCE ACTIONS
GOVERNANCE ACTIONS
• Philippine Fisheries Code
• Philippine Climate Change Act • Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)
(RA 9729) • Integrated Coastal Management
• Nationally Determined (ICM)
Contributions (NDCs) • Plastic Waste Reduction
• Disaster Risk Reduction and • Sustainable Fisheries Partnerships.
Management (DRRM)
• Reforestation and Carbon
Sequestration Programs
• Promotion of Clean Energy
“Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for
ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat sustainable development, provide access to justice
desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive
halt biodiversity loss” The Philippines is rich in biodiversity and natural institutions at all levels
The Philippines faces challenges related to
resources, but it faces significant
governance, human rights, corruption, and
environmental challenges, including
security. Issues like political instability,
deforestation, land degradation, habitat loss,
insurgencies, extrajudicial killings, and
and biodiversity decline. Rapid urbanization,
inadequate access to justice affect the country's
illegal logging, mining, and agriculture
ability to ensure peace, justice, and the
contribute to the destruction of forests and
development of strong, accountable institutions.
ecosystems, impacting both the environment
These issues are compounded by disparities in
and local communities that depend on these
access to basic services, particularly in remote
resources.
or conflict-affected areas.
GOVERNANCE ACTIONS
• National Integrated Protected GOVERNANCE ACTIONS
Areas System (NIPAS Act) •Anti-Corruption Measures
• Forest Management and •Strengthening the Judiciary
Reforestation Programs •Peace Process and Conflict
• National Biodiversity Strategy Resolution
and Action Plan (NBSAP) •Human Rights Protection:
• Land Use and Sustainable •Decentralization and Local
Agriculture: Governance
• Anti-Illegal Logging Operations
“Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize
the Global Partnership for Sustainable Development”
The Philippines recognizes the importance
of strong partnerships—both domestically
and internationally—to achieve the
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
The country faces challenges in fully
mobilizing resources, strengthening
capacities, and aligning policies to achieve
the SDGs, but partnerships at the local,
national, and global levels play a key role in
overcoming these hurdles.
GOVERNANCE ACTIONS
•Public-Private Partnerships
(PPPs)
•International Development
Assistance
•Multistakeholder
Engagement
•South-South Cooperation
•Development Cooperation
Framework (DCF)
THANK YOU!
