Theoretical questions from unit 1 to unit 8
1. What is tourism?
=> It is when people travel away from where they live for reasons of business,
leisure, or recreation, for not more than a year before they come home.
=> Lots of businesses work together to provide goods and services for tourists.
2. How many sectors are there in the tourism industry? What are they?
=> 6 sectors:
+ Tourist attractions
+ Transport
+ Accommodation and catering
+ Tour operators
+ Retail (Travel agents and online)
+ Public sector tourism
3. What are some essential skills and qualities to work in tourism?
=> Qualities:
+ smart
+ flexible
+ creative
+ extrovert
+ organized
+ hardworking
+ practical
+ confident
=> Skills:
+ enjoy meeting people
+ enjoy working as part of a team
+ like working independently
+ be good at explaining things
+ be good at dealing with people
+ can make people relax
+ be able to do more than one thing at the same time
+ like working under pressure
+ know how to use computers and technology
+ feel confident about dealing with money
+ be willing to work long hours
+ be good at languages
4. What are destinations? Give some popular destinations in the world
=> Destinations in tourism refer to specific places or locations that people visit for
leisure, business, education, or other purposes.
5. What is inbound tourism? Outbound tourism? And domestic tourism?
=> Inbound tourism: People entering a country from abroad to take holidays
=> Outbound tourism: People leaving their country to take holidays
=> Domestic tourism: people taking holidays in their own country
6. Who are tour operators?
A tour operator typically combines tour and travel components to create a package
holiday. They advertise and produce brochures to promote their products, holidays
and itineraries
7. What is a package holiday? Give some advantages of choosing a package
holiday.
=> Package holiday: a holiday that is organized by a company for a fixed price that
includes the cost of travel, hotels, etc.
=> Advantage:
+ They are cheaper than if you buy each component separately
+ Customers know how much their holiday will cost before leaving home
+Customers do not have to spend time buying each component separately
+The standard of the transport, accommodation, and services has been checked by
professionals
+There will be a representative at the destination
8. Give two words that also mean package holiday.
=> Package holiday = package tour = inclusive tour
9. How many types of tour operators are there? What are their roles?
=> Mass market tour operators: Like Thomas Cook create package holidays for
people travelling to the world's most popular and most economical destinations.
=> Domestic tour operators: specialize in packages for people traveling inside their
own country
=> Inbound tour operators: produce packages for coming into a country from
abroad.
=> Specialist tour operators: offer packages to people with specific interests such
as sailing or climbing.
10. What are some main reasons that make people go on holiday? What are the
main differences among them?
=> Leisure tourism: Covers any activity we undertake in our freetime and which
produces pleasure.
=> VFR (Visiting Friends and Relatives): There is a leisure element to VFR,
especially in social occasions like weddings or birthdays. (not dependent on
accommodation). Seen as a class on its own.
=> Business tourism: covers a range of activities: exhibitions and fair, conferences,
business meetings, and incentive travel. Traveling is for work, not for pleasure.
Leisure Sightseeing Visiting the famous places in a city or town
tourism Study tour Trip to a country or an area includes visits,
lectures, and classes
Trek A long hard walk lasting several days or weeks,
usually in the mountains
Pilgrimage Travel to an important religious place
Day trip Tour or excursion that leaves in the morning and
returns the same evening
Festival Religious or artistic celebration that comes at the
same time every year
Weekend break Trip, often to a city or countryside hotel, that
includes Saturday and Sunday
Familiarization Visit organized by an airline or tourist resort, etc.
(or ‘fam’) trip where tour operators and journalists can get to
know the facilities and services offered.
VFR Wedding Ceremony where two people get married
Business Trade fair Largre exhibition and meeting for advertising and
tourism selling a product
Conference Large official meeting, often lasting several days,
for members of an organization or company to
discuss subjects related to their work
Incentive tour Journey or holiday given to a worker or group of
workers as a reward for good work
11. Who are travel agents?
=> Travel agents are retailers, they sell tourism product to the public in a shop that
is called travel agency. They are part of the chain distribution and connect tour
operators (the wholesalers) to customer.
=> Travel agencies sell a range of products and services
=> Products can be thought of as items created by other companies which the
travel agent sells for commission.
12. What are typical products which travel agents sell?
Typical products:
- Package holidays
- Air, train, and coach tickets
- Traveler's cheques
- Insurance
Services involve:
- Guiding and advertising customers as to the best product
- Giving advice on visa and passport applications
- Planning travel itineraries and working out cost
- Representing a client in a complaint procedure after an unsatisfactory holiday
13. How many stages are there in the sale process? What are they?
- Stage 1: Raising awareness
- Stage 2: Establishing rapport
- Stage 3: Investigating needs
- Stage 4: Presenting products
- Stage 5: Closing the sale
- Stage 6: After-sales service
14. How many main types of transport are there in tourism? Give examples
=> Transport is one of the six sub-sectors of the tourism industry. It is usually
divided into
- Air transport: plane, helicopter, jet, light aircraft…
- Water-borne transport: cruise, yacht, ferry, liner, hovercraft, hydrofoil…
- Surface (Land) transport: train, coach, car, taxi, jeep, bus, motorbike, bicycle…
15. Which type of transport is the most popular? Why?
→ Plane. Because: Speed Safety Affordability Comfort Organized & professional Cultural
exchange Can use travel time constructively
16. How many main types of accommodation are there in tourism? Give
examples
→ 2 main kinds of accommodation: self-catering & serviced
17. What are main differences between serviced accommodation and self-
catering accommodation?
=> Serviced accommodation: This refers to any sort of accommodation where the
guests receive a place to sleep, meals, porter services, reception services, and so on
Typical examples of serviced accommodation are
•hotels
• guest houses
•motels • bed and breakfast.
*Self-catering accommodation: In this sort of accommodation the guests prepare
their own meals, and very few other services are provided except for reception.
Types of self-catering accommodation include
• apartments
• motorhomes
• campsites
• villas.
• caravans n.
18.Which type of accommodation is the most popular? Why?
=>Hotels are the most popular type of accommodation in many countries. They
can be small, family-owned hotels, hotels at popular resorts catering for
holidaymakers, business hotels, and so on.
19. What is the main purpose of marketing?
Its purpose is to ensure that the right product is created and make available to the
right people. Good marketing is beneficial both for the company/ organization
creating a product, and for the people who like it.
20. How many steps are there in the marketing process? What are they?
The marketing process is central to all marketing and involves four steps:
-Identification of the customer's needs/wants
-Development of suitable products and services
-Promotion of the products and services
-Monitoring and evaluation.
21.How many types of promotional techniques are there in tourism? Describe
each technique.
PROMOTION in tourism uses a range of promotional techniques, including:
-Advertising: - adverts on TV, the radio, in magazines and newspapers, on the
Internet, etc.
-Direct marketing: - sending letters or emails to people whose addresses a company
has on its database. Direct mailing means you only contact the people who most
likely to buy your product.
-Personal selling: - this is vital to the success of a travel agency, and is the sale
through talking face-to-face with the customer.
-Public relations (PR): - paying travel journalists to use one of your products and
then write about it; making sure that all of the staff of a company that come into
direct contact with the public project a good image of the company.
-Sales promotion: - a range of activities( discounts, competitions, brochures,
brochures, exhibitions, free gifts, price cuts...) all designed to stimulate short-term
demand for a product.
