3rd
Generation
Third-Generation Computers
11:11PM
INTRODUCTION
The third generation computers
were introduced in 1965 and they
stopped in 1971. This generation is
upgraded compared to the other
two previous generations.
The IBM System/370, introduced in
1964, is often cited as one of the
most influential computers of this
era
Back to Agenda Page
DEVELOPED BY:
Who?
Integrated circuits
Jack St. Clair Kilby (November 8, 1923 – June 20, 2005) was an American electrical
Jack Kilby engineer who took part (along with Robert Noyce) in the realization of the first
integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments (TI) in 1958.
INTEGRATED
CIRCUIT
IC
Integrated circuit is a microscopic
array of electronic circuits and
components.
ANALOG IC DIGITAL IC MIX SIGNAL IC
Back to Agenda Page
Development and
Item 5
20%
Item 1
20% Innovations
Item 4 Item 2
20% 20%
Item 3
20%
Impact on Society
LIMITATIONS -While third-generation
computers were a vast
improvement over their
predecessors, they still had some
limitations
Back to Agenda Page
MAIN FEATURES:
Briefly elaborate
IC Used on what
Briefly elaborate on what
Briefly
you wantelaborate on what
to discuss.
Briefly
you elaborate
wantelaborate on what
to discuss.
Briefly
you wantelaborate on what
to discuss.
Briefly
you want to discuss.on what
IC Used
you want to discuss.
you want to discuss.
Back to Agenda Page
MAIN FEATURES:
Briefly elaborate
IC Used on what
Briefly elaborate on what
Briefly
you wantelaborate on what
to discuss.
Briefly
you elaborate
wantelaborate on what
to discuss.
Briefly on what
you want to discuss.
you want to discuss.
More reliable in
you want to discuss.
comparison to previous
two generations
Back to Agenda Page
MAIN FEATURES:
Briefly elaborate
IC Used on what
Briefly elaborate on what
Briefly
you wantelaborate on what
to discuss.
Briefly elaborate on what
you want to discuss.
you want to discuss.
Smaller Size
you want to discuss.
Back to Agenda Page
MAIN FEATURES:
Briefly elaborate
IC Used on what
Briefly elaborate on what
Briefly
you wantelaborate on what
to discuss.
you want to discuss.
Generated less heat
you want to discuss.
Back to Agenda Page
MAIN FEATURES:
Briefly elaborate
IC Used on what
Briefly elaborate on what
Faster
you want to discuss.
you want to discuss.
Back to Agenda Page
MAIN FEATURES:
Briefly elaborate
IC Used on what
Lesser Maintenance
you want to discuss.
Back to Agenda Page
MAIN FEATURES:
IC Used
Costly
Back to Agenda Page
MAIN FEATURES:
AC required
Back to Agenda Page
MAIN FEATURES:
Consumed lesser
electricity
Back to Agenda Page
MAIN FEATURES:
Supported high-level
language
Back to Agenda Page
CHARACTERISTICS:
As compared to
previous generations,
Briefly elaborate
IC Used on what
theyouthird
want togeneration
discuss.
computers were more
reliable, fast, efficient,
less expensive, and
smaller in size.
Back to Agenda Page
CHARACTERISTICS:
In third generation
computers, high-level
IC Used
programming languages
were used such as BASIC,
PASCAL, ALGOL-68, COBOL,
FORTRAN – II, PASCAL PL/1.
Back to Agenda Page
CHARACTERISTICS:
The punch cards
were replaced with
mouse and
keyboards.
Back to Agenda Page
CHARACTERISTICS:
The integrated circuit
technology replaces
the use of individual
transistors.
Back to Agenda Page
CHARACTERISTICS:
The computers
have high
storage
capacity.
Back to Agenda Page
1. Computer required less space
due to the use of integrated
circuits (IC). A single integrated
circuit (IC) contains transistors,
resistors, condensers,
condensers, etc. on a piece of Advantages of Third
the silicon semiconductor
substrate.
2. It produces less heat and
Generation
required less energy during
operations. Due to this third
generation computers have
Computers
less hardware failure as
compare to previous
generations.
3. In third generation computers,
the punch cards were removed
and the input was taken with
the help of a mouse and
keyboards.
4. They have high storage
capacity and give more
accurate results, which helps
to store and compute and
calculate more precise
operations.
5. The computers were portable
and offer better speed
Disadvantages of
Third Generation
Computers
1. These computers still
required air conditioning.
2. To manufacture IC, highly
sophisticated technology
was required.
3. Maintaining IC chips were
difficult.
n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H
Examples of
Third
Generation
Back to Agenda Page
Computer
n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H
IBM System/360 (1964)
Known as “IBM’s $5 billion gamble” and a “bet-
the-business” move.
Launched on April 7, 1964, the System/360 was so named because it was
meant to address all possible types of users with one unified software-
compatible architecture. This marked a sharp departure from concepts of the
past in designing and building computers.
The IBM System/360 was a line of mainframe computers announced in 1964.
It was the first family of computers to be designed for a wide range of
applications, including scientific and commercial uses. The System/360 was
a revolutionary development that changed the computer industry.
Back to Agenda Page
T. Vincent Learson
John W. Fairclough
Gerrit Blaauw
Back to Agenda Page
John W. Fairclough
Frederick P. Brooks
Gene Amdahl
Key Figures in Creating
IBM System/360
Honeywell 200 (1965)
Honeywell was founded by Mark C. Honeywell in 1906 as the Honeywell
Heating Specialty Company in Wabash, Indiana. Initially, the company
focused on manufacturing hot water heating systems.
The Honeywell 200 was introduced in 1965 as part of the company’s effort to
challenge IBM’s dominance in the mainframe computing market. It was a
member of the Honeywell 200 Series, designed primarily for business data
processing. The system was notable for its ability to emulate the IBM 1401,
which was one of the most widely used business computers at the time. This
emulation allowed companies to switch from IBM to Honeywell without
having to rewrite their software, making the transition easier and more cost-
effective.
Back to Agenda Page
Key Figure and Other Features
Honeywell 120
The Honeywell 120 was an early transistorized computer introduced in the late 1950s by
Honeywell. It was one of Honeywell’s first serious attempts to compete in the business computing
market, particularly against IBM’s early systems.
The Honeywell 120 was a small-scale business computer, designed primarily for data processing
Mark C. Honeywell tasks such as payroll, inventory management, and accounting.
Founder of Honeywell Heating
Specialty Company It was a successor to Honeywell’s earlier Model 800 (introduced in the 1950s), which was a
vacuum-tube computer.
The Honeywell 120 used transistors, making it more reliable and efficient compared to vacuum-
tube machines.
It was positioned as a competitor to IBM’s 650 and 305 RAMAC, both of which were widely used
for business applications.
PDP-8 (1965)
introduced by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) in 1965, is widely
recognized as the first commercially successful minicomputer. It
revolutionized computing by providing a compact, affordable, and easy-to-
use alternative to the large and expensive mainframes of the time.
Developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), founded by Ken Olsen
and Harlan Anderson in 1957.
The PDP-8 was part of DEC’s "Programmed Data Processor" (PDP) series,
which aimed to create interactive computers that didn’t require massive air-
conditioned rooms like IBM’s mainframes.
The PDP-8 was inspired by DEC’s earlier PDP-5, a 12-bit system that proved
the demand for smaller computers.
The lead designer of the PDP-8 was Edson de Castro, who later founded Data
General, another influential minicomputer company.
Back to Agenda Page
Evolution of the PDP-8 Series
VT78 (1977)
PDP-8/S (1966)
DEC continued
PDP-8/I (1968)
improving the PDP-8,
PDP-8/E (1970)
leading to several
models:
EDSON DE CASTRO
PDP-8/L (1968)
chief engineer who
designed the first version of
the PDP-8 minicomputer in
1965.
UNIVAC 1108 (1964)
The UNIVAC 1108 was introduced as an upgrade to the UNIVAC 1107, which
was launched in 1962. While the 1107 used thin-film memory, the 1108 was
equipped with core memory, which was faster, more reliable, and more cost-
effective. The UNIVAC 1108 was designed to be a multi-user and multi-
tasking system capable of running several programs at once—a significant
leap forward in computing technology.
By the 1970s, the UNIVAC 1108 was gradually replaced by more powerful and
advanced systems like the UNIVAC 1110 and the IBM mainframes. However,
many of the technological advancements introduced with the 1108—such as
core memory, multi-programming, and time-sharing—became standard
features in later computing systems.
Despite being phased out, the UNIVAC 1108 remains an important milestone
in computing history, representing a bridge between the early era of
mainframes and the later innovations that would lead to the development of
the modern computing systems we use today.
Back to Agenda Page
Early History of Univac /& Other
Feature
J. Presper
Eckert
UNIVAC 1100
John Mauchly
The UNIVAC 1100 series was an evolution of previous UNIVAC
the inventors of the ENIAC, led the systems and was developed starting in the early 1960s. The
team of engineers who developed the
UNIVAC 1108. 1100 series machines used transistorized logic and could
handle larger workloads with improved reliability compared to
earlier vacuum tube-based systems.
ICL 1900 Series (1967)
The ICL 1900 series was a family of mainframe computers introduced by International
Computers Limited (ICL) in 1967. It became one of the most important computer families
in Europe during the 1960s and 1970s. The series was designed to offer significant
improvements over previous systems, with a focus on reliable, high-performance
computing for both scientific and business applications.
Background of ICL:
International Computers Limited (ICL) was a British company formed in 1968 through the
merger of English Electric's computer division and Computer Research Corporation
(CRC). ICL sought to compete in the global mainframe market, especially in the UK and
Europe. It became a significant force in computer manufacturing, aiming to challenge the
dominance of American companies like IBM.
The ICL 1900 Series was the successor to the ICL 1600 series, introduced in 1965. The
1600 series was relatively successful, but it faced limitations in terms of performance
and memory. The 1900 series was developed to overcome these challenges and offer
improved computing capabilities for commercial and scientific users.
Back to Agenda Page
actical Applications of Third-Generation Computers • Practical Applications of Third-Generation Computers • Practical Applic
Topics Covered
Practical
Applications of
Third-
Generation
Computers
Practical Applications of Third-Generation Computers • Practical Applications of Third-Generation Computers • Practical App
Honeywell IBM System
200 /360
🛠 Use 🛠 Use
Business and industrial Versatile and is used across
applications. multiple industries.
💰 Banking & Insurance 💼 Business & Finance
🏦 Inventory Management 🔬 Scientific Research
🏥 Hospital Administration 🏛️ Government Data
Processing
✈️ Air Traffic Control
Applications of Third-Generation Computers • Practical Applications of Third-Generation Computers • Practical Applications
Practical Applications of Third-Generation Computers • Practical Applications of Third-Generation Computers • Practical App
ICL 1900 UNIVAC 1100 PDP-8
Series Series Series
🛠 Use 🛠 Use 🛠 Use
Business, government, and Large-scale data processing Small business computing,
scientific computing. and real-time computing. industrial control, and
education.
💼 Banking & Financial 🛡️ Military & Defense
Services ✈️ Airline Reservations 📊 Laboratory Data
🏛️ Government ⛈️ Weather Forecasting Processing
Administration 🏭 Industrial Automation
🔬 Scientific Research 📚 Early Personal Computing
Applications of Third-Generation Computers • Practical Applications of Third-Generation Computers • Practical Applications
Error
That’s all. Thank you
for listening.
11:11PM
