CONJUNCTIONS

A conjunction is a word that "joins". A conjunction joins two parts of a sentence.

Kinds of conjunctions:
1. coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS)
for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
2. correlative conjunctions
either…or, neither…nor, both…and, not only…but also, whether…or, as…as
3. conjunctive adverbs
These conjunctions join independent clauses together.
The following are frequently used conjunctive adverbs:
after all in addition next
also incidentally nonetheless
as a result indeed on the contrary
besides in fact on the other hand
consequently in other words otherwise
finally instead still
for example likewise then
furthermore meanwhile therefore
hence moreover thus
however nevertheless
4. subordinating conjunctions
These words are commonly used as subordinating conjunctions
after in order (that) unless
although insofar as until
as in that when
as far as lest whenever
as soon as no matter how where
as if now that wherever
as though once whether
because provided (that) while
before since why
even if so that
even though supposing (that)
how than
if that
inasmuch as though
in case (that) till
EXERCISES
Choose the correct conjunction for each sentence.
1. Don't go out (as, while, until) you've finished your work.
2. Make sure you close all the windows (after, before, for) it starts to rain.
3. (Whether, When, If) I had known how much I would disappoint him, I wouldn’t have done it.
4. (As soon as, While, Whether) you see me, get in the car.
5. It's usually quite simple to cross the border between the USA and Canada (yet, and, because)
these two countries have friendly relations.
6. (Although, So that, When) he was the best qualified candidate, he didn't get the job.
7. (So that, Since, So) you already know Mary, you should go to meet her at the airport.
8. He may choose Nena (and, or, but) Clara as his bride.
9. One can’t tell from a person’s looks (how, whether, if) he is honest or not.
10. The streets are now flooded (although, because, when) it rained last night.

Choose the subordinating conjunction that will complete each sentence.

although as long as because even if so that unless until while

1. She has decided to move to Portland _______________ there are more opportunities for
employment in that city.
2. You can borrow my car ________________ you agree to be very careful with it.
3. They'll have a good corn harvest this year _______________ it rains a lot and prevents them from
harvesting their crops.
4. Our neighbor is going to buy a gun ________________ she can protect herself from intruders who
break into her apartment.
5. _______________ he can save a lot of money by taking the bus, Russ still drives his car into the city
every day.
6. Ronald is going to finish his homework ________________ it takes him all night.
7. My daughter can't wait _____________ she gets her new bike.
8. Stay in the car _______________ I go into the store. I'll be right back.
9. It's a good idea to go to college for four years _______________ it's possible to get a good job
without a degree.
10. ________________ he's overweight, Tony eats a lot of food before he goes to bed. That's not
healthy.

Supply the correct correlative conjunction for each of the sentences.

whether…or either…or neither…nor as…as

1. "Those who would give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety deserve
___________ liberty __________ safety." (Benjamin Franklin)
2. "To accomplish great things, we must __________ act, __________ dream; we must __________
plan, __________ believe." (Anatole France)
3. __________ did the man lose his keys, he __________ lost his wallet.
4. __________ my uncle __________ my cousin live in San Diego.
5. Her cat doesn't shed __________ much __________ your cat.
6. I don't know __________ I want to take biology __________ geology.
7. My sister is going to __________ England __________ Ireland this summer.
8. My cousin would like to take a vacation as well. She cannot decide __________ to go to Las Vegas
__________ the Grand Canyon.
9. She will spend less money if she goes to the Grand Canyon. The Grand Canyon is not __________
expensive __________ Las Vegas.
10. This is the last question. You are now finished with __________ this quiz __________ this lesson.