8

Basic statistics of Brazil, 2019

(Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)1
LAND, PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE
Population (million) 211.0 Population density per km² (2018) 25.1 (38.0)
Under 15 (%) 21.0 (17.9) Life expectancy at birth (years, 2018) 75.7 (80.1)
Over 65 (%) 9.3 (17.1) Men (2018) 72.0 (77.5)
International migrant stock (% of population,
2015) 0.3 (9.7) Women (2018) 79.4 (82.8)
Latest 5-year average growth (%) 0.8 (0.6) Latest general election October-2018
ECONOMY
Gross domestic product (GDP) Value added shares (%)
In current prices (billion USD) 1 841.5 Agriculture, forestry and fishing 5.2 (2.6)
In current prices (billion BRL) 7 256.9 Industry including construction 20.9 (26.8)
Latest 5-year average real growth (%) -0.6 (2.2) Services 73.9 (70.5)
Per capita (000 USD PPP) 15.3 (48.4)
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
Per cent of GDP
Expenditure 40.8 (41.6) Gross financial debt (OECD: 2018) 75.8 (95.8)
Revenue 33.2 (38.5) Net financial debt ( OECD: 2017) 58.3 (68.7)
EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS
Exchange rate (BRL per USD) 3.94 Main exports (% of total merchandise exports)
PPP exchange rate (USA = 1) 2.25 Crude materials, inedible, except fuels 30.3
In per cent of GDP Food and live animals 20.7
Exports of goods and services 14.3 (54.2) Machinery and transport equipment 14.1
Imports of goods and services 14.7 (50.6) Main imports (% of total merchandise imports)
Current account balance -2.8 (0.3) Machinery and transport equipment 35.2
Net international investment position -39.7 Chemicals and related products, n.e.s. 25.3
Mineral fuels, lubricants and related
materials 13.3
LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION
Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey
Employment rate (aged 14 and over, %) 54.6 (57.5) (aged 14 and over, %) 11.9 (5.4)
Men 64.4 (65.6) Youth (aged 15-24, %) 27.8 (11.7)
Women 45.7 (49.9) Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %) 5.0 (1.4)
Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64,
Participation rate (aged 14 and over, %) 62.0 (61.1) %, 2017, OECD: 2018) 17.2 (36.9)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of
Mean weekly hours worked 37.5 (37.7) GDP, 2017, OECD: 2018) 1.3 (2.6)
ENVIRONMENT
CO2 emissions from fuel combustion per
Total primary energy supply per capita (toe) 1.4 (3.9) capita (tonnes, 2017, OECD: 2018) 2.1 ( 8.6)
Greenhouse gas emissions incl. LULUCF per
Renewables (%) 45.8 (10.8) capita(tonnes CO2,2016,OECD:2017) 9.6 ( 10.3)
Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM
2.5, % of population, 2017) 68.3 (58.7) Water abstractions per capita (1 000 m³, 2016) 0.3
SOCIETY
Income inequality (Gini coefficient, OECD: 2016) 0.543 (0.310) Education outcomes (PISA score, 2018)
Relative poverty rate (%, OECD: 2016) 24.5 (11.6) Reading 413 (487)
Median disposable household income (000 USD
PPP, OECD: 2016) 4.8 (23.9) Mathematics 384 (489)
Public and private spending (% of GDP) Science 404 (489)
Health care (2017, OECD: 2019) 9.4 (8.8) Share of women in parliament (%) 15.0 (30.7)
Pensions (Public, OECD: 2015) 13.1 (8.5)
1. The year is indicated in parenthesis if it deviates from the year in the main title of this table. Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in
the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 80% of member countries
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the following organisations: OECD, IEA, ILO, IMF, World Bank.

OECD ECONOMIC SURVEYS: BRAZIL 2020 © OECD 2020

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OECD Economic Surveys: Brazil 2020

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Please cite this chapter as:

OECD (2021), “Basic statistics of Brazil, 2019: (Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)”, in
OECD Economic Surveys: Brazil 2020, OECD Publishing, Paris.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/8210cce3-en

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