The History of Law
The history of law dates back to ancient civilizations, where societies established rules to maintain
order.
Early legal codes, such as the Code of Ur-Nammu (c. 2100 BCE) and the Code of Hammurabi (c.
1750 BCE), outlined laws and punishments in Mesopotamia.
Ancient Egypt and China also developed legal systems influenced by religion and philosophy.
Greek and Roman legal traditions laid the foundation for modern law. Roman law, particularly the
Twelve Tables (c. 450 BCE) and later the Justinian Code (6th century CE),
introduced legal principles that influenced European legal systems.
During the Middle Ages, feudal law governed societies, while religious laws, such as Islamic Sharia
and Canon Law, played significant roles.
The English Common Law system emerged, establishing precedents and jury trials.
The Enlightenment (17th-18th centuries) led to legal reforms, emphasizing individual rights. Modern
legal systems, such as civil law and common law,
developed based on these historical influences. Today, international law and human rights shape
global legal frameworks, adapting to societal changes.