Information and Communications internet, invented by Tim Berners-Lee in

Technology 1989.

Information refers to the ideas or concepts Web 1.0

obtained from reading, investigation, study or
research which are transmitted through media Web 1.0 refers to the first generation of the
such as telephone, television and radio. Internet when most websites were read-only or
Information is necessary to make decisions and static. Webpages are usually just single files in
to predict the future. For example, scientists can Hypertext Markup Language (html or htm)
detect the formation of a typhoon using the format that are displayed in a web browser
latest technology and warn the public to avoid when the URL is entered. Users are merely
disasters in the affected areas. audiences or readers who absorb information
from websites.
Communication is a means of transmitting
messages or sending and receiving information Web 2.0
between individuals using symbols, signs or Web 2.0 means the second generation of the
verbal interactions. Before, people transmit Internet. It is dynamic and focuses on user
messages through signs or symbols and participation. There is a give-and-take
performing drama and poetry. However, these relationship between a website and its users, in
‘older’ forms of communication are less utilized which the latter has the power to share different
due to the advent of technology like the use of types of information such as texts, images,
the Internet, e-mail or video conferencing. sounds, and videos. This allows for the creation
Technology is the use of scientific knowledge, of interactive application with more real-life
experience and resources to create processes uses like online banking, online shopping, and
and products that fulfill human needs. media-sharing.

Information and Communications Features of Web 2.0

Technology or ICT deals with the use of 1. Folksonomy:
different communication tools such as
telephone , mobile phones, Internet, etc. to It is a way to classify and to find information. It
locate, save, send, and edit information. For enables users to find information in an
instance when we make a video call, we use the organized way, like tagging photos, websites, or
internet. links. Some social networking sites use tags
that start with a pound sign (#) which is termed
ICT in the Philippines as hashtag.
Philippines is considered as the ICT Hub of Examples: Instagram and Twitter hashtags
Asia because of the tremendous growth of ICT (e.g., #Travel, #Fitness).
related jobs like Business Process Outsourcing,
or call centers. It started with Accenture in 1992 2. Rich user experience
with Frank Holz who was responsible for
It has a dynamic and interactive content. For
developing and marketing the first Global
instance a user can click on an image of a
Resource Center in Manila.
flower to get more information about that flower
Annual Survey of Philippines Business and like its growth conditions, nutrient
Industries in 2010 revealed that the ICT industry requirements, and more.
shares 19.3% of the total employment
Examples: Google Maps (interactive maps with
population. Moreover, according to 2013 edition
location tagging and reviews).
of Measuring the Information Society by the
International Telecommunication Union, in the 3. User participation
year 2012 there were 106.8 cell phones per 100
Filipinos. While Time magazines declared Makati It helps with the flow of information between
City, Philippines- Rank 1 as the “Selfiest Cities the user and the owner of a certain website. For
around the world, and Rank 9 is Cebu City. With instance, a user can interact by liking,
these statistics, Philippines is indeed the ICT commenting, or sending reviews to a certain
hub of Asia. post or site.

World Wide Web Examples: YouTube's like, comment, and share

features.
The World Wide Web, commonly referred to as
WWW, W3, or web is an interconnected system Reviewing products on platforms like Shoppee
of public web pages accessible through the or Lazada.

4. Mass participation
Allows universal web access from a traditional Characteristics of Web 3.0 with Examples:
internet user to a wider variety of users of
various cultures that leads to differentiation of 1. Real-Time
concerns. Definition: Information and events are updated
Examples: Wikipedia (multilingual access to instantly for users.
user-contributed articles). Examples:
Social media platforms engaging users Blockchain transactions visible in real-time (e.g.,
worldwide. Bitcoin ledger updates).
5. Long Tail Real-time language translation tools like Google
Services that are offered on demand rather than Translate.
on a one-time purchase. This means user can 2. Everywhere
either subscribe to a data plan that charges
users for the amount of time spent in the Definition: The internet is pervasive,
Internet or a data plan that charges for the accessible anytime and anywhere, often
amount only of bandwidth used. referred to as ubiquitous computing.

Examples: Spotify's music library offering Examples:

mainstream hits and niche indie tracks.
Smart IoT devices like smartwatches, smart
Amazon Prime's option to buy or rent movies refrigerators, or connected cars providing
instead of only subscribing. internet access on the go.

6. Software as a Service (Saas) Mobile apps like Google Maps that offer services
globally in real time.
Allows the user to subscribe to a software rather
than purchasing them subscribing and using 3. Machine Learning
Google Docs, a free web-based application, to
Definition: Devices use algorithms to learn
create or edit word documents online.
from user actions and provide personalized
Examples: Google Workspace (Docs, Sheets, experiences.
Slides).
Examples:
• Adobe Creative Cloud (Photoshop,
Netflix recommendations tailored to a user’s
Illustrator as subscription services).
viewing habits.
• Dropbox or OneDrive for cloud storage.
E-commerce sites like Amazon suggesting
Examples of Web 3.0 and Its products based on previous purchases.
Characteristics:
Spotify curating playlists like "Discover Weekly"
Examples of Web 3.0 Applications: based on a user’s listening history.

1. Decentralized Apps (dApps): Web 3.0 represents a more intelligent,

Applications running on blockchain connected, and decentralized internet that
technology (e.g., Ethereum-based apps, prioritizes user control, accessibility, and real-
Uniswap, or OpenSea). time interaction.

2. Cryptocurrency Platforms: Bitcoin, Trends in ICT

Ethereum, and Solana networks.
1. Technological Convergence
3. AI-Powered Assistants: Siri, Alexa,
Definition: The merging of various
and Google Assistant use machine
technologies into a unified system, allowing a
learning to adapt to user behavior.
single device or platform to perform multiple
4. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual tasks.
Reality (VR): Platforms like
Example: Smartphones combining calling,
Decentraland or Metaverse
texting, internet browsing, photography, video
environments.
recording, and productivity tools like word
5. Smart Contracts: Automated processing apps.
agreements executed on blockchain
2. Social Media
technology, such as those used in
decentralized finance (DeFi).
Definition: A set of online platforms that and iPads.
enable users to communicate, share, and b. Android: An open-source OS developed by
interact within virtual communities and Google, widely used in various brands like
networks. Samsung, Huawei, and Xiaomi.
c. BlackBerry OS: Designed specifically for
Six Types of Social Media: BlackBerry devices, known for secure
a. Social Networks communication.
d. Symbian: A pioneering OS for smartphones,
 Purpose: Connecting people with originally used in Nokia devices.
shared interests or backgrounds. e. WebOS: Initially for smartphones, now
commonly used in smart TVs like LG.
 Examples: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter.
f. Windows Mobile: Developed by Microsoft for
b. Bookmarking Sites smartphones and Pocket PCs.

 Purpose: Storing and managing links to

websites, resources, or content.
4. Assistive Media
 Examples: Pinterest, Pocket,
StumbleUpon (now Mix).  Definition: Assistive media
encompasses technology, devices, and
c. Social News methods designed to assist individuals
with disabilities, helping them perform
 Purpose: Sharing and discussing news tasks that are difficult or impossible with
articles or links to other sources. standard methods.
 Examples: Reddit, Digg. Examples of Assistive Media:
d. Media Sharing  For Mobility Impairments:
 Purpose: Uploading and sharing o Wheelchairs, walkers, transfer
multimedia content like videos, images, devices, prosthetics.
and music.
 For Visual Impairments:
 Examples: YouTube, Instagram, Flickr,
TikTok. o Screen readers (e.g., JAWS,
NVDA).
e. Microblogging
o Braille devices and embossers.
 Purpose: Sharing short, quick updates
that followers can view and interact with. o Screen magnification software.
 Examples: Twitter, Tumblr, Plurk. o Large-print keyboards and tactile
keyboards.
f. Blogs and Forums
 For Hearing Impairments:
 Purpose: Posting content on specific
topics and enabling discussions through o Hearing aids and cochlear
comments. implants.
 Examples: Blogger, WordPress, Tumblr, o Assistive listening devices (e.g.,
Quora. FM systems).
3. Mobile Technologies o Amplified telephones or
 Definition: Mobile technologies refer to captioning phones.
portable devices that combine hardware, These trends highlight how ICT addresses
software, networking, and operating diverse needs, from enhancing portability and
systems to offer versatile functions, connectivity to empowering individuals with
including communication, productivity, disabilities to live more independently and
and entertainment. inclusively.
 Examples of Mobile Devices:
Smartphones, tablets, MP3 players,
memory sticks, e-readers, and PDAs.

Mobile Operating Systems:

a. iOS: Exclusive to Apple devices like iPhones