ae (Electoral poli Assembly lection in Haran ese sth] 7 ‘© Why do weneed elections? {what makes an election democratic? Isle good to have poltieal competition? Why sour stm of lecions? TecoraConsttuencies) = (Reserved Consttuences )» (Wotan) + (Calingand counting votes) (Hedioncampaign ) (Reminstion of candidates) What makes elections in india Democratic? ‘© Popular participation Acceptance of election outcome Chalenges to fee and fal elections me Electoral polities = Thestate assembly lection in Haryana in 1987 2 udary Dow La and his Nay Yuh” ue (Electoral polities se. there a democratic way of select Stuationinhe absonee oftection me thera democratic wy of slat ‘Stuston ndemasracy FeoplerequreamechanismbY WHC cecone ‘hey can choose thelr represertatives ‘+ Theyeanchoose who wil mak aws for them {2 Teyeanehoore who wil form the government and ake major decsions. {Ieyean hoot he party whose polices wil gle the goverment nd lw mating me (Electoral politics Everyone should have the it to choose representative it ‘means everyone has oe vole an every vote has equal valve, Political parties and candidates shouldbe fest contest, ‘oso and offer some eal choice tothe voters. The choles should be oreo sue nents by conducting elections after 2 certain prio. ‘= The candidate preferred bythe people should get elected. elections should be conducted in a es 9 for nanner where ‘people can choose representatives according to thet wish.oe penne we Eo see cin The electoral competion has many demerits ’ + eeeots a sens of dsunty and party pts. Parts eet ategations agaist ech oter of using sity ks to win elections 2 ongterm potces cannot be formulate. 1 ‘© Hections provide incentives to political ‘Then Why do we have elections? parties and leaders. Force leaders and parties to serve people (Electoral politics ‘© tminata, ok Sabha and vighan Sabha election are held regalarty after every five years “+ General Election V/s By Election ‘The county i divided int different areas for purpose of Bectoral Constituencies) mp cletons. these are called tlecaral Consitueneis. every 7 ‘voter, wh lives in an area, votes fr one representative ‘+ For Lok Sabha + Country is vided int 543 constituencies (MP) ‘+ For Vidhan Sabha election, each stateis divided into specific number of assembly constituencies [MIA] ‘+ Thesame principle aplies for Panchayat and Municipal elections. Each wilage or town s divided into itterent wards thot ae like constituencies. 9 fg (Electoral politics + Some constituencies ae reserved for people who belons to HenmaledConeslandseancrmoeen + aT Aten seats ok Sobor Seon? Fors) ara reserved for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tibes (STS) 4 Inmany stats, eatin pany and won [nists conoricr teal bodies are reserved for (ther Backward classes (08C)- + neti ofthe seats are reserved irra and urban loa bois for sonenonasnen 10 bsg (Electoral politics The list of those who are eligible to votes offcly called the ectral oll ands commonly known asthe Voto ‘As new persons attain voting age, names are added to ‘9 thevoters' stand names of those who mave out ofa place or those who were led are deleted. [A complete revision and updation of voters sts require. election Phot enya 1ae eee mS so venicons, Anyone who isa voter ean also become a candidate in ‘who can contest lections? "4 siections. the minimum age required to contest an elections 2> => 1 oli Poloe mj Nominate thelr eanaldate ‘Tecanddateas fs omition orm and - Party Tet give some money as a security deposit. Leal Declaration for by Candidate Educational qualifction ofthe candidate ‘+ Theinformation provided has tobe made © Details ofthe assets and abilities ofthe public in orderto provide ‘andidates an his/her fay. ‘+ opportunity othe votes to make the 4. Sis criminal as pening ast the {econ on the bai ofthe information 12 candidate, provided by the candidates. ones (Electoral politics . ttconcmpsign mean the promotion (or ropes) fh pois, fee ‘and rome tat the candister mateo votre fa Htheyarecteted 4 Ty tofocus on publicattention = Popular slogansin Eection campaigns + Sometimes its necessary to regulate lection campaign % ::Ne party or canaldate can: Brie orthresten oer Use goverment resources for lectin empaen. Spend rarethan 25 oth ina constenc for ak Sotho ‘lection or 10h corttunneyinanAsenby econ THe cTcanauct) Set of rules whch political parties have to follow during the elections. 1 No porty er canddatcan ese any sac of worship for elestion proogan. 113 One cloctins are announce, misters hl not fundatin stones a ony pole the any gpl éeson or ‘moe any rami of proving pues oe Ta (Electoral polities 5 Teta stage ofan lations the dy when the voters cat ‘pal her ote 4 ‘© Goes to pong booth {© Theclection oficial ident him/her, put amarkon the voters finger and allow him/ her to east his her vote ——> (iii Becton voting machines ‘Once the poling is overall the EVMs are sealed and taken to a secure place A few dys later on fined 18 date, all the EVMs are opened, and the votes secured by each cancidate are counted. © Thecandidate who secures the highest aumber of wotes fom a constituency is declared elected. 14 ome Soy Ce Fortunate the ae not on stnces off senate ra ato cette - very purpose of the elections. ‘There are many factors which ensure that elections held inna are democratic. Independent Fedtion “Receptance of flection ‘Commission Outcome. 15T iil walt = Electoral politics + Im our county elections are conducted by an independent and very powerful Election Commission (EC). ‘Powers enjoyed by the Election Commission are 1+ Tetakes decisions on every aspect of conduct and contol of elections from the announcement of elections tothe decoration of results ‘+ Ieimploments the code of conduct ané punishes any candidate or party that violates. ‘+ During the election period, the Election Commission can order the government to follow some guidetines. * Government officers on election duty, work under the control ofthe Election Commission and not the government ‘© felection officials come tothe opinion that poling was not fair in some booths or even an entre constituency they order arepll. owe Tay (Electoral poli 1 Increase inthe ots rns Turnout indeates the pe ent of eligible voters who actualy cst their vote ‘© india, the poor literate and underprivileged people vote in larger proportion a compared ich and privileged sections." ‘+ common people in india soe» ot of mporonee ta leetions [Vote matters. 1+ Theintorest of voters in election rotted activites hasbeen increasing fone out of every seven voter a member ofa poltcal party], = (Electoral polities Fre and Faliness of election = Ruling party lose elections and osing party accepts the outcome ‘©The lng portes routinely lose elections nine th atthe Nationa and State Level. ‘© Inthe US, an incumbent‘or siting elected representative rarely loses an election. But > India about half ofthe siting MPs or MLAS lose elections. ‘© Candidates who are known to have spent 2 lot of money on buying votes and those with known criminal connection oe" == ‘+ Bxcopt some cisputed elections, the electoral outcomes are usualy accopted bythe defeated party 26 poopie svorier- “a (Electoral ol © Candidates and parties witha oof one) may not be sure of thelr victory, but they do [Soy ais sus unisi ssvones over smaller parties and independent candidates 1 Some cancates with os sores ape abo te sonure party tebe fom major partes 1 Some miles ons to dominate polite! partes tickets are distibuted to relatives from ‘hers fais. 1 Bections offer only i oles fo ovina eiasns as both the major parties are quite similar to each other in polis and practice ‘© Saller parties ad independent candidates suffer a huge disadvantage compared to bigger parties in terms of money power and organisational supprt.