EPISODE 10

OBSERVE

1. The more senses that are involved, the more The teacher used a power point presentation and
and the better the learning. connects it to the television to visually present his
lessons, enhancing his explanations of each topic.
This method drew students’ interest significantly,
encouraging them to listen actively, understand
the content, and contribute their own ideas to the
discussion.
2. Learning is an active process. The teacher promotes student involvement by
encouraging them to ask and answer questions
throughout discussions. He also organizes group
work, fostering collaboration and giving students
a chance to explore the material through peer
interaction.
3. A non-threatening atmosphere enhances To maintain a positive classroom atmosphere, the
learning. teacher introduces clear rules and expectations,
which help establish discipline while addressing
any behavioral issues. This structure ensures that
all students feel safe and respected, allowing them
to focus more fully on learning.
4. Emotion has the power to increase retention The teacher teaches with enthusiasm and
and learning. positivity, frequently praising students and
expressing encouragement with a smile. His
warmth and humor create a joyful learning
environment, with students responding to his
friendly demeanor by smiling and laughing, which
enhances their engagement and retention.
5. Good teaching goes beyond recall of The teacher reinforces understanding by
information. reviewing previous lessons and helping students
connect past material to new topics. By building
on prior knowledge, he encourages deeper
comprehension and application of the subject
matter, moving beyond simple recall.

6. Learning is meaningful when it is connected to The teacher designs learning objectives that are
students’ everyday life. practical and relevant to students' lives, ensuring
that they can see how the lessons connect to real-
world situations. This approach helps students
understand the practical value of what they are
learning.
7. An integrated teaching approach is far more Although I haven’t yet observed the teacher
effective than teaching isolated bits of implementing an integrated teaching approach,
information. combining related ideas across subjects can create
a cohesive learning experience that strengthens
 comprehension and retention. An integrated
approach helps students see the broader
connections between concepts, making learning
more holistic.

ANALYZE

What is the best method of teaching? Is there such a thing?

In my view, there isn't a single "best" teaching method; the effectiveness of a method really depends on
how it’s applied in the classroom. While certain teaching approaches may be more effective than others in
specific contexts, this doesn't make them universally the best. The success of any teaching method relies
heavily on the situation, including the lesson content, the type of students, and the teacher’s skill in
implementing that approach. Each classroom has its own unique dynamics, and what works well in one
setting may not produce the same results in another. Effective teaching is therefore about adapting
methods to suit the particular needs of the students, the objectives of the lesson, and the teacher's
strengths. Flexibility, awareness, and the ability to gauge what a situation calls for are key in choosing and
applying the most suitable approach, rather than adhering to a single "best" method.

REFLECT
Reflect on this question.
How do we select the appropriate strategy for our lessons?

Choosing the right teaching strategy is essential for delivering effective lessons and meeting learning
objectives. To identify the most suitable approach, a teacher must first possess a strong understanding of
the subject matter. This involves thoroughly studying and planning the lesson content to ensure it aligns
with the curriculum and learning goals.
Knowing the students’ unique abilities, characteristics, and learning styles is also crucial. By
understanding these factors, teachers can better tailor their approach to meet diverse needs within the
classroom. It’s also important to set clear, relevant learning objectives that connect to students'
experiences and needs, making the lesson meaningful for them.
Additionally, teachers should design a variety of activities that promote student engagement and
development, whether through discussions, group work, or hands-on exercises. These activities should
challenge students’ thinking and enhance their understanding. Finally, assessments need to be
thoughtfully crafted to not only measure students’ progress but to also stimulate critical thinking and
problem-solving skills.
By following these steps, teachers can effectively select strategies that suit both their strengths and the
lesson’s demands. This approach ensures that teaching is dynamic and responsive, leading to a more
impactful learning experience for students.
OBSERVE

1. Did the teacher state the learning objectives/intended learning outcomes (ILOs) at the
beginning of the class? Did he/she share them with the class? How?

The resource teacher, did not formally state the learning objectives at the beginning of class. Instead, after
greeting the students, he transitioned directly into introducing the new lesson for the day by first revisiting
and summarizing the previous discussion. Although he didn’t outline the objectives verbally in class, it
seems he had already communicated the expected learning outcomes through their group chat, allowing
students to be aware of the goals before class started.
2. What teaching-learning activities (TLAs) did he/she use? Did these TLAs help him/her attain
his/her lesson objectives/ILOs? Explain your answer.

During the lesson, the resource teacher employed a mix of the lecture and inquiry-based methods. He
began by explaining the topic and followed this with questions that encouraged students to think about
and discuss the Weight Management. These activities proved effective in achieving the lesson objectives,
as they combined structured teaching with active student participation. Through this approach, students
not only absorbed the material but also engaged in meaningful exchanges, allowing them to demonstrate
their understanding and share personal insights on the topic.
3. What assessment task/s did teacher employ? Is/are these aligned to the lesson objectives?

To assess the students' understanding, the resource teacher assigned an essay task. He prompted students
to write a one-page reflection about the effect of not managing your weight, specifically relating it to the
lesson and this assessment allowed students to express their views and insights on the theory.. The task
was well-aligned with the lesson’s objectives, as it required students to critically engage with the topic
and articulate their comprehension in their own words, demonstrating both reflection and retention of the
subject matter.

ANALYZE

1. What are your thoughts about Outcome-Based Teaching and Learning (OBTL)?
Outcomes-Based Teaching and Learning (OBTL) is a highly effective curriculum design model that
allows teachers to prioritize the intended learning results for each subject. Unlike traditional teaching
approaches that concentrate on what the teacher needs to cover, OBTL focuses on what students are
expected to achieve by the end of a course or program. I believe this approach offers significant benefits
to both teachers and students. For teachers, it serves as a valuable guide, helping them design activities
and assessments that align closely with the desired outcomes, thus enhancing students’ learning
experiences. For students, OBTL establishes a clear path toward their goals, providing specific targets to
strive toward and a structured way to engage with the material. This alignment of goals, teaching
strategies, and assessments allows students to better understand what is expected of them and to work
systematically towards achieving those outcomes.

REFLECT
Reflect on the use of OBTL.
OBTL is a framework that shifts the focus of education from what the teacher does to what the student
achieves, creating a student-centered learning environment. It places importance on what students should
accomplish by the end of a course, using their outcomes as indicators of their learning progress. OBTL’s
aim is to optimize student learning by setting clear, measurable objectives that keep students aware of
their progress and focused on their development. This approach empowers students by providing them
with the autonomy to track their growth, adapt to their strengths and weaknesses, and take ownership of
their learning journey. OBTL also ensures that students have sufficient time to become proficient,
enabling them to gradually build their confidence and expertise in specific subject areas.

OBSERVE

Types of Question Examples of Question that the Resource Teacher

Asked
1. Factual/Convergent Closed/Low level What is the definition of body mass index (BMI)?
What is the recommended daily calorie intake for
adults?
2. Divergent/Higher order/Open-ended/ How can you assess the accuracy of weight loss
Conceptual information found online?
a. evaluation How can you evaluate the effectiveness of
different weight loss diets?
b. inference How might cultural factors influence eating habits
and weight management?
c. comparison How do the principles of weight loss differ
between men and women?
What are the similarities and differences between
a low-carb and a low-fat diet?
d. application How can you create a personalized exercise plan
to support your weight loss goals?
e. problem solving What strategies can be implemented to promote
healthy eating in schools?
3. Affective What do you think is the importance in managing
your weight?
ANALYZE

1. Neil Postman once said “ Children go to school as question marks and leave the school as periods!”
Does this have something to do with the type of questions that teachers ask and the questioning and
reacting techniques that they employ?

Neil Postman's observation, “Children go to school as question marks and leave the school as periods,”
seems directly related to the types of questions teachers ask and the questioning and responding
techniques they use. Children are naturally curious, constantly encountering new concepts and ideas that
prompt questions. Teachers play an essential role in nurturing this curiosity, guiding students toward
discovering answers without simply providing them outright. Instead of giving direct responses, effective
teachers encourage exploration by posing thought-provoking questions, allowing time for reflection,
redirecting initial inquiries, and clarifying misunderstandings. Through these techniques, teachers help
students develop their reasoning skills, encouraging them to think critically rather than passively accept
information. This approach shapes how students transition from curious "question marks" to confident
"periods" as they refine their understanding and form their own conclusions. Thus, the questioning and
reacting methods teachers choose significantly influence how students learn to approach and interpret
information over time.

REFLECT
Reflect on:
The importance of using various reacting techniques.

The use of different reacting techniques is a powerful tool that teachers can leverage during instruction.
These techniques, such as giving feedback, providing praise, or offering constructive corrections, play a
crucial role in fostering student engagement and enhancing critical thinking. By thoughtfully responding
to students' contributions, teachers not only validate their efforts but also demonstrate attentive listening,
which boosts students' confidence and self-esteem. Reflecting on my own experiences, even simple
affirmations like “excellent,” “good job,” or “well done” have motivated me to participate more actively,
share my ideas, and strive to improve. Such affirmations create a positive learning environment that
encourages students to pursue excellence and to feel valued for their input.

Moreover, reacting techniques help students identify areas where they may have misunderstandings,
guiding them to focus on these points and think more deeply. By offering clear explanations or addressing
certain misconceptions, teachers help students improve their critical thinking skills and build their
confidence in formulating answers independently. In this way, these techniques not only enhance students'
learning but also inspire them to grow academically and personally, ultimately fostering a more engaged
and reflective mindset.
SHOW YOUR LEARNING ARTIFACTS
Show proofs of learning that you were able to gain in this Episode by interviewing at
least two teachers on their thoughts on OBTL.

Here btaw ate butngig space ang each bond paper kay mag pilit ko two pictures

Teacher no. 1

Picture ni dani ate

Outcome-based teaching and learning is a really interesting concept, It's all about focusing on what
students can do after they've learned something, rather than just memorizing facts. I think it's a great
approach because it makes learning more relevant and engaging. Instead of just cramming for a test,
students are encouraged to apply what they learn to real-world situations. That way, they're more likely to
remember it and actually use it in the future.

Teacher no. 2

Picture ni dani ate

Outcome-Based Teaching and Learning (OBTL) is a valuable approach that emphasizes clear, measurable
objectives for student learning. Rather than focusing on what the teacher covers, OBTL centers on what
students should be able to demonstrate by the end of a lesson or course. This student-centered approach
helps teachers design lessons, activities, and assessments that align closely with the desired outcomes,
making the learning process more purposeful. By giving students a clear roadmap of expected
achievements, OBTL encourages them to take ownership of their learning, while also allowing teachers to
better evaluate progress based on actual outcomes. This alignment promotes a more structured and
efficient learning environment, as each part of the teaching process—planning, instruction, and
assessment—is guided by specific goals that support students’ growth and understanding.