UNIVERSITY OF CALCUTTA
B.Sc. SEMESTER – VI HONS.(CBCS)EXAMINATION-2023
COMMUNICATION ELECTRONICS(PROJECT)
TOPIC : 2G TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Roll & No. : 203114-21-0083
Registra on No. : 114-1111-0333-20
College Roll No. : 1229
Subject Code : PHSA
Paper Code : DSE B2 (a)(TUTORIAL)
Year : 2022-23
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2G Networks Test Solu ons
(GSM, GPRS)
Complete 2G Communica ons Network Lab
GSM GPRS Protocol Analysis (TDM, IP)
GSM GPRS Protocol Emula on (TDM, IP)
High Density RTP and Mobile Traffic Simula on
End-to-End Voice and Data Quality Tes ng over 2G Networks
GSM, GPRS Network Monitoring & Diagnosis Solu on
2G (GSM GPRS) Communica ons Network Lab
All func onali es conform to industry standards. The CNL provides reliable integrated solu ons to vendors and
service providers for simula on, monitoring, troubleshoo ng the 2G network.
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MAPS™ GSM supports emula on of mul ple UEs and various interfaces of GSM (A, Abis, C, D, E, BICC, Gb). MAPS™ Lb
interface emulator supports Loca on Service Request procedure using BSSMAP-LE signalling protocol in GSM Loca on Service
(LCS) architecture for simula ng network elements over Lb interface (BSC and SMLC).
Some of the real- me scenarios that can be realized with GL’s 3G GSM GPRS Lab solu on are listed
below –
Voice, SMS (CS)
• Real-mobile <-> Real-mobile
• Simulated UE <->Real-mobile
• Simulated UE <->Simulated UE
• Real-mobile <-> Real-Mobile
• Bulk voice traffic simula on using MAPS™ RTP HD
Web Browsing
• Real-mobile
• Simulated UE
• Bulk mobile traffic simula on using PacketLoad™
Loca on Services
Inter-network Calls and Roaming Calls
• 2G user calling 3G user
• 3G user calling 2G user
• 2G user sending SMS to 3G user
• 3G user sending SMS to 2G user
• 2G user calling 3G roaming user
• 2G user calling 4G roaming user
• 3G user calling 2G roaming user
• 4G user calling 2G roaming user
GSM - GPRS Network Monitoring (over IP/TDM)
Main features
• Capture, decode, segregate, and perform various measurements across various interfaces of the GSM-GPRS
networks
• Live monitoring of traffic sta s cs - digits, tones, voice, video, and T.38 fax over IPv4 and IPv6 (version 4 and
version 6) networks
• Packet Data Analysis (PDA) monitor live TDM/IP networks with detailed summary and graphical display of every
call.
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Supported Protocols
2G Interfaces
GSM Abis Interface
GSM A Interface
GPRS Gb Interface
MAP Interface
CAP Interface
BICC Interface
Gi Interface
C, D, E, F, H Interfaces
Loca on Services
Lb Interface
Lg and Lh Interfaces
Nodes
BTS
BSC
MSC/VLR
HLR
EIR
SMSC
SGSN
GMSC
gsmSCF, gsmSSF
SMLC
GMLC
GPRS - GSM Network Monitoring & Diagnosis
NetSurveyorWeb
GL's NetSurveyorWeb™ (PKV170) is a centralized web-based client that facilitates display of call data records and
call summary using a web interface based on a scalable and flexible architecture. It is used in conjunc on with
GL's GSM Protocol Analyzer and GPRS Protocol Analyzer probes to non-intrusively monitor the en re network
from a central remote tes ng loca on.
NetSurveyorWeb™ Lite
NetSurveyorWeb™ Lite (PKV169) is an integrated and a cost-effec ve monitoring system that works at the probe-
level as an addon tool with all real- me Protocol Analyzers. It is a web-based client that allows to view historical
and real- me call data records. It enhances the capabili es of protocol analyzer to process large volumes of calls,
filter for specific calls, build custom sta s cs and KPIs, automa on and graphical features to analyze the call
detail records (CDRs).
Supported Protocols
2G Interfaces
GSM Abis Interface
GSM A Interface
GPRS Gb Interface
MAP Interface
CAP Interface
BICC Interface
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Gi Interface
C, D, E, F, H Interfaces
Loca on Services
Lb Interface
Lg and Lh Interfaces
Nodes
BTS
BSC
MSC/VLR
HLR
EIR
SMSC
SGSN
GMSC
gsmSCF, gsmSSF
SMLC
GMLC
High Density RTP and Mobile Traffic Simula on
GL’s MAPS™ HD is a High Density 1U network appliance that is capable of high call intensity (hundreds of
calls/sec) and high volume of sustained calls (tens of thousands of simultaneous calls/1U pla orm) for a vast
array of communica on protocols covering IP and Wireless networks. MAPS™ HD network appliance is designed
to easily achieve up to 20,000 endpoints per appliance (5000 per port). This requires GL’s RTP HD traffic
genera on capability (PKS109) and specialized 1U rack system with integrated HD NIC ( w/ 4x 1 GigE Or 2x 10
GigE).
Mobile Traffic Simula on -GPRS Gb:
• Generate and verify user mobile data (Email, Web-HTTP, and FTP), gateway traffic, and packet traffic
over (GTPv1 and GTPv2) GPRS Gb network interface
RTP Traffic Simula on:
• Create, manage RTP sessions and generate and receive RTP traffic over the sessions with complete
automa on capability
• Simula on of RTP Traffic such as Voice, Digits, Tones, IVR and Impairments
• Automate the IVR tes ng process (call establishment and traffic genera on / detec on) process
through scripts
• Supports all standard Voice Codecs.
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SMS Traffic Simula on
• Ability to push / pull Short Messages over the network as if sent by thousands of mobile phones
(Short Message Mobile Originated (SMS-MO)). MAPS™ can also transmit a Short Message to a mobile
phone (Short Message Mobile Terminated (SMS-MT)).
TDM Traffic Simula on
• Simula on of TDM Traffic such as digits, voice file, single tone, dual tones, Dynamic VF
• Simula on of TDM Fax Traffic
• TRAU GSM traffic over GSM Abis interface
• Create, monitor, and terminate TRAU GSM traffic sessions
End-to-End 2G GSM GPRS Network Tes ng
2G GSM GPRS QoS Test Suite Voice, Video, & Data Quality
VQuad™ Probe HD is a self-contained unit used to objec vely evaluate Signal Strength, Voice, Video, & Data
Quality on Cellular networks (5G, 4G VoLTE, 3G, 2G), Land Mobile Radios, and Wired networks.
It includes VQuad™ so ware, Dual Universal Telephone Adapter (Dual UTA HD), and PC in a portable pla orm.
VQuad™ Probe HD can connect to prac cally any end-point, wired or wireless devices, independent of underlying
network type. Voice Quality tes ng supported using either Bluetooth® or wired headset connec on methods.
Various associated analy cal applica ons (Voice Quality, Video Quality, Data tests, Echo and Delay tests, Fax
tests, Voice Band Analysis) work with the base VQuad™ so ware to provide "end-to-end assessment" of the
network performance.
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GSM Protocol Emula on
MAPS™ GSM A Emulator (over TDM, IP)
GL's MAPS™ GSM A Emulator over IP and MAPS™ GSM A Emulator over TDM are used to simulate BSSMAP and
DTAP messages over GSM A Interface and signaling specifica on as defined by 3GPP standards. The tester
supports tes ng network elements MSC and BSC for error tracking, regression tes ng, conformance tes ng,
load tes ng/call genera on and genera on of high volumes of GSM traffic. It is able to run pre-defined test
scenarios against GSM A interface test objects in a controlled & determinis c manner. The tester supports
traffic such as sending/receiving of voice.
MAPS™ GSM Abis Emulator (over TDM, IP)
MAPS™ GSM Abis can simulate BTSM messages and signaling over GSM Abis interface as per 3GPP standards.
The tester supports tes ng network elements BTS and BSC for error tracking, regression tes ng, conformance
tes ng, load tes ng/call genera on, and genera on of high volumes of GSM Abis traffic. It is able to run pre-
defined test scenarios against GSM Abis interface test objects in a controlled & determinis c manner. The tester
supports.
GSM Protocol Emula on
MAPS™ GPRS Gb Interface Emula on over (IP)
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MAPS™ is designed to simulate GPRS Gb interface messages and signaling specifica on as defined by 3GPP
standards. MAPS™ GPRS Gb currently supports Gb interface between the BSS (Base Sta on Subsystem) and the
SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) over IP transmission protocol. Emula on over Frame Relay transmission
protocol will be supported in future.
MAPS™ MAP Emulator (over TDM, IP)
GL's MAPS™ MAP supports emula on of all the GSM MAP interfaces. MAPS™ MAP currently supports various
procedures emula ng MSC (VLR), HLR, EIR, and SMSC en es over H, C, D, E, Finterfaces in TDM and IP
networks. Supported procedures include Loca on Update, RetrievRoaming Number, Remote User Status,
Check IMEI Service, and others. It also supports send/receive SMS (Short Message Service) over the signaling
channel.
GSM Protocol Emula on
MAPS™ INAP Emula on (over TDM, IP)
GL's MAPS™ CAP Emulator can emulate CAP (CAMEL Applica on Part) supplementary services such as unified
messaging, prepaid, and toll-free (Freephone). CAP informa on flow is defined between func onal en es
such as SCF and SSF distributed across network execu ng services.
GSM TRAU Protocol Analyzer
GSM-R (GSM Railway) Protocol Analyzer
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GSM-R (GSM Railway) is a proven mobile communica ons standard of ERTMS (European Rail Traffic
Management System), the European standard for railway opera ons.
TRAU Packets Analyzer (over TDM)
• Analyze TRAU frames at the Abis interface (b/w BSC and BTS)
• TRAU streams may be captured on the selected meslots (con guous or non-con guous), sub-channels or full
bandwidth 32 or 24 channels.
• Capture and decode TRAU frames such as FR (Full Rate GSM 6.10), HR (Half Rate), EFR (Enhanced Full Rate),
AMR (Adap ve Mul Rate), AMR-WB, O&M and Data.
• Extracts speech data from TRAU frames, play the speech data on PC soundcard, or record voice to a file, a er
decompressing TRAU speech data to 16-bit linear PCM.
• Mul ple streams of TRAU traffic on various T1/E1 channels can be simultaneously decoded.
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CONCLUSION
The aim of wireless communica on is to provide high quality, reliable communica on just like wired
communica on(op cal fibre) and each new genera on of services represents a big step(a leap rather) in that
direc on. This evolu on journey was started in 1979 from 1G and it is s ll con nuing to 5G. Each of the
Genera ons has standards that must be met to officially use the G terminology. There are ins tu ons in charge
of standardizing each genera on of mobile technology. Each genera on has requirements that specify things like
throughput, delay, etc. that need to be met to be considered part of that genera on. Each genera on built upon
the research and development which happened since the last genera on. 1G was not used to iden fy wireless
technology un l 2G, or the second genera on, was released. That was a major jump in the technology when the
wireless networks went from analog to digital.
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