MORTICE PREPARATION
Hinge Selection Chart
Selecting a hinge by door weight alone is bad practice.
In order to ensure the correct hinge is specified, you need to understand the intended use
of the building and calculate the overall door mass accordingly.
The overall door mass includes, door weight, allowances for frequency of use, excess
width side loading, the inclusion of door closers and all other door
hardware.
Follow the simple code of practice to correct hinge specification - if in doubt, seek
assistance from the manufacturer.
Calculate Door Weight to Actual Door Mass
Doors with excessive width, refer to side loading
+ ?%
calculation table
Actual Door closer +20% = Actual
Door Door closer (incorporating back check or hold
Door
+75%
Weight open facility) Mass
Light usage application -10%
Extra heavy usage application +10%
Side Loading Calculation Table
INCREASE
DOOR DOOR
IN DOOR
CALCULATE EXCESSIVE DOOR WIDTH HEIGHT WIDTH FACTOR
MASS
(mm) (mm)
REQUIRED
The actual door mass will require increasing by the factor 2000 1000 2.00 0%
calculated between the door height and the door width.
2000 1050 1.90 +10%
This is calculated by dividing the door height by the door
width. 2000 1100 1.82 +18%
If the factor is larger than 2, there is no allowance required. 2000 1150 1.74 +26%
If the factor is less than 2, the door mass is required to be 2000 1200 1.67 +33%
incresed by the value between the factor and 2, expressed
2000 1250 1.60 +40%
as a percentage.
Percentage examples are listed in the table to the right. 2000 1300 1.54 +46%
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MORTICE PREPARATION
Door Closer Allowance Table
INCREASE REQUIRED TO
DOOR CLOSER ALLOWANCE DESCRIPTION
ACTUAL DOOR MASS
Doors fitted with an overhead door closer which
Doors fitted with door
incorporates either ‘back check’
closers
or ‘hold open’ facility, should use hinges with a
minimum hinge grade of 12.
without ‘back check’ or +20%
‘hold
open facility.
Whenever door closers are fitted, the spacing of hinges
changes from the standard top, middle and bottom
configuration.
Due to the additional lateral forces applied to the top of the Doors fitted with door
door when door closers are fitted, 2 hinges are required at closers
the top to accomodate the additional forces. which include either ‘back +75%
check’
Please refer to ‘Hinge spacing code of practice’ for or ’hold open’ facility
guidance.
Select the Required Category of Use for the Intended
Project
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4
Light Duty Medium Duty Heavy Duty Severe Duty
Hinges for use on doors in Hinges for use on doors in Hinges for use on doors Hinges for use on doors in
housing, general living housing, general living in buildings where there is public areas and subject to
areas and in buildings areas and in buildings ‘high frequency’ of use in potentially ‘high frequency’
where there is ‘low where there is ‘medium public areas where there is of use and abuse.
frequency’ of use, where frequency’ of use, where a high
care and attention is taken some care and attention possibility of accidents and Eg. Public areas
to prevent misuse and is taken to prevent misuse misuse. uncontrolled
accidents. and accidents. main entrances.
Eg. Public buildings,
Eg. Domestic and offices Eg. Domestic and offices school.
having no access to the having limited access to
general public. the general public.
Hinge Grades 12, 13 and
Hnge Grades 3, 6 and 9 Hinge Grades 4,7 and 10 Hinge Grade 11
14
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MORTICE PREPARATION
Door Closer Allowance Table
BS EN 1935:2002 The hinge grades detailed in this standard are based on PN 3 hinges fitted to
the door set
Figure 1
The standard practice and most common, providing maximum resistance to “warping.” Hinges
are spaced as shown.
Figure 2
Where overhead door closers are used, additional lateral forces are applied to the top hinge.
Whilst this is taken into consideration within the design calculation, to reduce
the lateral force on the top hinge, it is recommended that the hinges are spaced as shown.
Figure 3
Where the door width is more than 1000mm or the door mass exceeds that allowed for 3
hinges, additional hinges can be fitted. Equal spacing shown provides maximum
resitance to ‘warping’, Based on 4 hinges, the design door mass can be calculated as per ‘side
load calculation’ table before determining the suitable grade of hinge.
Figure 4
Where overhead door closers are used within the example illustrated in figure 3, due to the
increased lateral forces created by the closer on the top hinge, it is
recommended that the hinges are spaced as shown.
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MORTICE PREPARATION
Hinge Grade Table
Having established the final design “door mass” and the “category of use,” refer to the hinge grade table below to determine the required
hinge grade.
The relevant grades given are based on 3 hinges being fitted to the door as illustrated in figure 1 of the “hinge spacing code of practice.”
Seventh
First Digit Second Digit Third Digit Fourth Digit Fifth Digit Sixth Digit Eigth Digit
Digit
Test/Design Door Fire/smoke Corrosion
Category of Use Durability Test Cycles Safety Security Hinge Grade
Mas Suitability Resistance
For
No. Of test Grades Mass Grades Grades Grades Grades
Duty Grade use Grade Grades
cycles Available KG Available Available Available Available
on
Light 1 Door 4 25,000 1 20 0 or 1 1 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 0 or 1 3
Medium 2 Door 7 200,000 1 20 0 or 1 1 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 0 or 1 4
Light 1 Door 4 25,000 2 40 0 or 1 1 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 0 or 1 6
Medium 2 Door 7 200,000 2 40 0 or 1 1 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 0 or 1 7
Light 1 Door 4 25,000 3 60 0 or 1 1 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 0 or 1 9
Medium 2 Door 7 200,000 3 60 0 or 1 1 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 0 or 1 10
Heavy 3 Door 7 200,000 4 80 0 or 1 1 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 0 or 1 11
Severe 4 Door 7 200,000 5 100 0 or 1 1 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 0 or 1 12
Severe 4 Door 7 200,000 6 120 0 or 1 1 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 0 or 1 13
Severe 4 Door 7 200,000 7 160 0 or 1 1 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 0 or 1 14
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