Present Perfect Continuous — bu ingliz tilidagi zamon bo‘lib, o‘tgan vaqtda boshlanib, hozirgi
paytda davom etayotgan harakatlarni yoki yaqin o‘tgan davrda yuz bergan va natijasini hozirda
ko‘rish mumkin bo‘lgan voqealarni ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi. Bu zamon harakatning
davomiyligi va vaqt davomida sodir bo‘lishi haqida ma'lumot beradi.
Present Perfect Continuous tuzilishi:
Has/Have + been + verb-ing (verbning 1-shakli + -ing)
I/You/We/They + have been + verb-ing
He/She/It + has been + verb-ing
1. Affirmative (ijobiy gap):
I/You/We/They + have been + verb-ing
He/She/It + has been + verb-ing
Misollar:
o I have been studying for 2 hours. (Men 2 soat davomida o‘qiyotganman.)
o She has been working all day. (U butun kun ishlayapti.)
o They have been waiting for the bus for 30 minutes. (Ular 30 daqiqa davomida
avtobusni kutishmoqda.)
2. Negative (manfiy gap):
I/You/We/They + haven't (have not) + been + verb-ing
He/She/It + hasn't (has not) + been + verb-ing
Misollar:
o I haven't been studying for long. (Men uzoq vaqt davomida o‘qimadim.)
o She hasn't been working today. (U bugun ishlamadi.)
o They haven't been waiting long. (Ular uzoq kutishmagan.)
3. Interrogative (so‘roq gap):
Have + I/You/We/They + been + verb-ing?
Has + he/she/it + been + verb-ing?
Misollar:
o Have you been studying for 2 hours? (Siz 2 soat davomida o‘qiyotganmisiz?)
o Has she been working all day? (U butun kun ishlayotgandimmi?)
o Have they been waiting for the bus? (Ular avtobusni kutishmoqda?)
Present Perfect Continuous ishlatilish holatlari:
1. Hozirda davom etayotgan va hali tugamagan harakatlar:
o Present Perfect Continuous hozirgi paytda davom etayotgan yoki yangi tugagan
vaqtdan beri davom etayotgan harakatlar uchun ishlatiladi.
o Misol: I have been studying for 2 hours. (Men 2 soat davomida o‘qiyotganman.)
o Bu yerda hozirda o‘qish davom etayotgan vaqtda, o‘qish jarayonining
davomiyligi ta'kidlanadi.
2. Haqiqiy davom etayotgan harakatlar va ular natijasi:
o Bu zamon o‘tgan vaqtda boshlanib, hozirgi paytda davom etayotgan va hozirgi
ta'siri ko‘rinadigan harakatlarni ta'kidlaydi.
o Misol: She has been crying for an hour. (U bir soat davomida yig‘layapti.) —
Yig‘lash hozirda davom etmoqda va uning natijasi ham sezilyapti.
3. Uzoq davom etayotgan jarayonlar va vaqt davomiyligi:
o Present Perfect Continuous, uzun davomiylikdagi harakatlarni yoki jarayonlarni
ta'kidlashda ishlatiladi.
o Misol: They have been working on this project for 6 months. (Ular ushbu
loyihada 6 oy davomida ishlamoqda.)
4. Agar harakatning natijasi hozirda ko‘rinadigan bo‘lsa:
o Present Perfect Continuous, o‘tgan vaqtda boshlanib, hozirgi paytda ko‘rinadigan
natijalar haqida gapirganda ishlatiladi.
o Misol: She has been painting, and the room is full of colors. (U rasm
chizayotgan edi va xona ranglarga to‘la.)
Farq Present Perfect va Present Perfect Continuous orasida:
Present Perfect o‘tgan voqealar va hozirgi kunga ta'sirini ko‘rsatadi. Bu zamon
voqealarning natijalariga yoki ularning ta'siriga e'tibor qaratadi.
o Misol: I have finished my homework. (Men vazifamni tugatdim.)
Present Perfect Continuous harakatning davomiyligi yoki vaqt davomida qanday sodir
bo‘layotgani haqida gapiradi.
o Misol: I have been doing my homework. (Men vazifamni qilish bilan band
edim.) — Bu yerda "qilish" harakati hozirda davom etayotganini ko‘rsatadi.
