Week 2
Teaching &
Learning
Learning Outcomes
1.Identify appropriate topics that address a patient’s health education needs
2. Discuss the role of the nurse in teaching and learning and skills needed to be an effective
teacher.
3. Describe the domains of learning
4. Identify basic learning principles: learning environment, ability to learn, learning style
and preference, motivation to learn.
5.Describe the collaborative process and subcomponents of client education: Assessment,
Diagnosis, Planning, Intervention & Evaluation
Health Literacy
identify
• The ability to ____________, create, communicate and compute, using printed
and written materials associated with varying contexts. Literacy involves a
continuum of learning to enable an individual to achieve his or her goals, to
develop his or her knowledge and potential, and to participate fully in the wider
society.
• 60% of adult Canadians lack the capacity to obtain,
understand and act upon health information and
services to make appropriate decisions on their own
• Average health literacy varies through
provinces/territories and between different
populations & subgroups
Health • Canadian adults with less than a high school
education preform well below adults with higher
education and this gap widens with age
Literacy • We see a profound difference with social, education
and economic outcomes
• It is not just about being able to handle words and
read numbers, but understand the information,
communicate their needs to health professionals
and to understand health instructions
Who’s at risk
for low
health
literacy?
Cognitive Learning
3 domains Affective Learning
of Learning
Psychomotor (behavioural
learning
Basic Steps in the Teaching-Learning
Process
Involves the development of a plan
that includes
The approach used for patient •Assessment
May not flow in sequential order but
education most frequently by •Diagnosis the steps serve as a checkpoint
nurses is a parallel of the nursing setting patient outcomes
•_____________________________ that the teaching-learning process
process. •Intervention has been considered.
•Evaluation.
Central to the educative nursing
practice are knowing the patient,
Focuses on the important concepts understanding the individual’s past
of respect, reflection and experiences in relation to health
collaboration
_____________ and illness and understanding his
or her preferences, support and
resources, and caring
7
Characteristics that Affect Patient
Teaching
Physical psychological
______________ Sociocultural Educational
8
Interactive Activity
• In your table groups, think of a practice example and
discuss how the physical, psychological, sociocultural
or educational characteristics affected your patient
teaching
• Come up with 2-3 examples to share with the class
• Put them on the white board
9
Components of Health Assessment
History
• ________(Subjective Data)
3 Primary
• _______
examination (Objective Data)
Components
• Documentation of Data
What the client
Data (Signs • feels/communicates
__________(Subjective
and Data)
Signs: Clinical
Symptoms) • __________(Objective Data)
findings
10
TECHNIQUE
Steps in
the
Nursing
Process
12
• INITIAL ASSESSMENT: Done as soon as client
comes to health care center. Gathers data
considering all aspects of clients healt.
• FOCUSED ASSESSMENT: Done as an
4 Types of ____________
Ongoing process and helps in determining the
status of a specified problem at Initial
Nursing assessment. Eg. A nurse performs a
GCS assessment on a head-injured patient
Assessment • TIME-LAPSED ASSESSMENT:
Done several months (weeks
___________after initial assessment.
Compares clients current health condition
compared to baseline
• EMERGENT ASSESSMENT: Done if client is in a
Physiological or Psychological Crisis. Identifies
threatening
______________and
problems focuses on preserving life.
13
IDENTIFYING CUES IN
HEALTH ASSESSMENT
• A cue is information that
you obtain through use of
the senses.
An inference is your
___________________of
judgment or
interpretation
these cues
14
Evidence Based
Practice in
Organizing Care
15
Why is EBP
Important in
Nursing
16
Teaching-Learning Outcomes
The patient and nurse should prioritize the patient’s learning needs and
agree upon the goals and learning outcomes. Or caregiver if appropriate
Goals are broad, clear and general statements of what the patient wants
to accomplish; attainable.
Learning outcomes:
·
Needs to clear
· Are achievable results
·
As result of what was learned 17
• Goal: The patient will be able to affix
accurately and independently a colostomy
appliance to a stoma.
Examples • Learning outcome: After a 25-min teaching
session, the patient will be able to
demonstrate the steps required to prepare and
affix correctly the colostomy appliance.
18
Teaching
Strategies
Available resources
Teaching Strategies Advantages Disadvantages
Patient workshop Efficient, versatile and economical (good for time limited Negative school learning connotations (good
situations) when combined with discussion)
Discussion Can be group or individual, question period can help clarify Works best when pts have a base knowledge of
needed info information
Group teaching able to move things alond
Facilitator_______________________ Facilitator: Less individualized
Peer: supportive, similar experiences Peer: Not always correct information
Demonstration- Ensures pt is doing procedure correctly, provides Some pts are self-conscious, can be a negative
return feedback/evalution experience
demonstration
Role play Used best when pts need to examine their attitudes/behaviors, Requires maturity/confidence/flexibility, some
provides feedback/evaluation pts may be self-conscious
Use of audiovisual Enhances presented info through video/audio, especially for nurse must pre-screen
______________________________________
material steps/processes (IE dressing changes, injections ect)
for
accuracy
Use of the internet Self education, can be highly specified from good sources LOTS OF MISINFORMATION
Use of printed Can be re-read at home, good for preferred learning style of Should be used in combo with another method,
material reading, variety of sources can be used (magazines, pamphlets appropriate reading level
ect) 20
Techniques that can enhance
pt learning:
In your table groups each think
of 3+ things that enhance pt
learning
21
• Keep the physical environment relaxed and non-
threatening
• Maintain a respectful, warm and enthusiastic attitude
Techniques their needs
• Let the pt express _____________
• Focus on “must-know” info, “nice-to-know” info can be
to Enhance
added if time allows
• Involve the pts family in the process and add
active
participation if you can
___________________________
the • Be aware of and take into consideration pts previous
experiences
Teaching • Individualize the teaching plan to your pt, even if there
are standardized plans are in place
Process • Review any written materials with the pt
Feedback
• Ask frequently for __________________
• Affirm progress with rewards valued by the pt to
reinforce desired behaviors
22
• Short and Long-Term
• Observe the patient directly
Common verbal and nonverbal eves
• Observe _______________________
Methods of • Ask direct questions
• Use a written measurement tool, graded for
Evaluation accuracy
• Talk with a member of the patient’s family or
Techniques support system
Self-evaluation
• Seek the patient’s ________________________
of progress
23
• Improve safety patient care and efficiency
• Reduce the rate of complications and errors, reduce the
length of stay, and lower mortality rates
Higher levels of team responsiveness
• ____________________________________
The Benefits • Creative skill sets, and the implementation of innovative holistic
services
of
• Opportunity to learn new ways of thinking
• Network with professionals from different organizations
Collaborative • Gain new knowledge, and wisdom from others
• Access to additional resources previously unavailable
Practice new skills Sets
• Potential to develop _________________
• Increased productivity due to shared responsibility
• Access to funding, sharing of costs (research)
• Pooling of knowledge for solving large, complex problems
27
The Speak up and share
_______________________with
their knowledge and
the interprofessional team, management,
expertise
importance and other stakeholders.
of the role Gives nurses a voice, allows them to become
intimately _____________________process
involved in the decision-making
nurses and creating solutions.
plays Share their insight to ensure the solution has
a ____________________________
patient-centered approach
within
healthcare Advocate
____________ for and uphold patient rights.
teams
28
Current
Challenges to the
Nursing Role and
Health Care
System Related to
Continuity of Care
29
Application of • Key factors in the continuity of care are
communication and collaboration among health care
professionals in a team and their patients.
Relational • Application in rehabilitation services
Continuity in higher
• Findings: Patients treated by teams with _________
relationship scores experienced better continuity
Patient Care between health care professionals in the team. There
was a positive association between RC
and communication in the team the patient was treated
by and patient-reported activities of daily living
Collaboration benefit score; all other associations between RC
scores and rehabilitation benefit scores were not
with the significant.
• Team function is associated with better patient-
Interprofessio reported continuity of care and __________
higher ADL-benefit
scores among patients after rehabilitation.
nal Team
30
The purpose of the nursing assessment is to
________________________make
gather data systematically clinical judgements or
and comprehensively
nursing diagnoses about the patient’s health status
PURPOSE OF
A NURSING
ASSESSMENT first step
Assessment is the ______________of the nursing
process, but it is performed continuously throughout
the nursing process to validate nursing diagnoses,
evaluate nursing interventions, and determine whether
patient outcomes and goals have been met.
31
Trust
Component Respect
of nurse-
client Professional Intimacy
relationships
Empathy
Power
• Client-centered care involves
Client advocacy ,empowerment and respect for the
___________________________
Centered client’s autonomy, voice, self-
determination and participation in
Care decision-making
Decision Tree
