BUILDINGELECTRICALINSTALLATION

NTQF LEVEL II

Unit of Competence: Install Electrical Circuit Protection

LO 1: Plan and Prepare for fault finding

Instruction Sheet Learning Guide-31

This learning guide is developed to provide you the necessary information regarding the following
content coverage and topics:
 Communicating and confirming instructions for work activity
 Identifying tools, equipment and PPE for installation of electrical wiring
 Obtaining materials with established procedures
This guide will also assist you to attain the learning outcome stated in the cover page. Specifically,
upon completion of this Learning Guide, you will be able to:
 Communicate and confirm instructions for work activity
 Identify tools, equipment and PPE for installation of electrical wiring
 Obtain materials with established procedures

Information Sheet-1 Communicating and confirming instructions for work activity

1.1 Plan and Prepare

A plan is typically any diagram or list of steps with details of timing and resources, used to achieve an
objective to do something. It is commonly understood as a temporal set of intended actions through
which one expects to achieve a goal.
Prepare mean make (something) ready for use or consideration.

1.2. Communicating instruction or work activity

It is important in a workplace Communication setting because people must interact with one another
in ways that will get the job done as quickly and effectively as possible and in ways that will
maintain the morale of the trainees. Both of these are important aspects of workplace
communications.
 In order to work efficiently, trainer (for example) must be able to communicate to their trainees what
is needed. If they are not clear about what their trainees need to do, there will be mistakes that make
the trainer lose time.
It is also important to communicate in ways that maintain the trainees’ morale. If the trainers
communicate in angry or degrading ways, the trainees will tend to feel unhappy with their
situations. This will decrease their desire to work and will therefore decrease productivity in the
workplace.
1.3.Confirming instructions for work activity

Before starting an Electrical installation, there are some important procedures to carryout. There
should be a detailed Electrical Wiring Diagram to start with. This is normally prepared by an
Electrical Engineer. First he calculates the Electrical Loads, Currents, Cable sizes and the Protective
devices for the Electrical Installation. Once these information are obtained Electrical Drawings based
on this information is done on a CAD or by a Draftsman on paper. He incorporates these details into a
Diagram with Electrical Symbols and text details so that referring these Electrical Diagrams, the
Installer[s] can carry out the installation job.

Based on this information, the quantities of material and components needed for the job also is worked
out. There are specifications for carrying out Electrical Installation Work so that the completed
installation will abide to rules and regulations of the Electrical Industry.

One needs to be familiar with Electrical Symbols appearing in Electrical Drawings .These symbols
can be different from a region to region so one has to be familiar with the symbols used in that part of
the world he is living. The Electrical Wiring Diagram will indicate the areas or locations of a building
where Lighting, Socket Outlets, Small Appliances or other machinery will be positioned.

The Electrical Conductors [ cables or wires ] needed to be selected according to the Current rating
[ Capacity] and Voltage Drop when the rated current flows in the conductors. This selection of the
conductor is called Conductor Sizing. The conductors can be of Copper or Aluminum. Copper is the
material used mostly for indoor installations and Aluminum for mostly Power Transmission. The outer
Insulation of the conductors are selected according to the Temperature ,the conductors are used for
when carrying current. There are cables for heavy duty activities such as laid under soil in trenches
which are called armored cables.

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The over current protection for conductors are very important and there are Fuses and Circuit Breakers
incorporated to safeguard current carrying conductors. Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters or Earth
Leakage Circuit Breakers or Residual Current Circuit Breakers will safeguard people from getting
Electric Shock from Live or Hot Circuit conductors or equipment.

Identifying tools, equipment and PPE for installation of electrical

Information Sheet- 2
wiring

2.1 Tools, Equipment and PPE

Every electrician needs basic hand tools, equipment and PPE to perform everyday tasks,
fortunately, today's basics are better than older models, providing more comfort and safety than
their predecessors. Manufacturers have made tools more 'ergonomically correct,' and improved
designs help cut down on hand and wrist injuries often caused by repetitive movement. Plus, they
make it easier to perform the same motion over and over because the tools just feel more
comfortable. While today's designs may provide more safety and comfort, they're still the basic
hand tools, equipment and PPE electricians have been using for years.”

2.2 . Identifying tools, equipment and PPE for installation of electrical wiring
2.2.1 Electrical Tools

I. Screw Drivers

Screw drivers are the most common hand tools in electrical and electronics jobs. It is used
for securing various styles of screws in electrical/electronic equipment and devices. They
are available in a wide variety of handles, shank lengths, shapes, and driver styles.
a. Handle – it is made of hardwood or plastic, the handle may have a rubber grip for electrical
protection, positive gripping.
b. Shank – a tempered steel alloy that can withstand the distortion caused by the torque during
normal use. The shank may have either a round or square cross section. Shank lengths vary
from 8 cm to 40 cm.

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 c. Driver style – is design for all screw head configuration. In electrical the most common
drive style used are the following; Philips, and flat screw.
1. Flat Screw driver
This tool is used to drive slotted head screws and should never be used for
prying and bending. It’s width are varied in different sizes such as; 2

Driver Tip Fluted Handle

Shank

Blade Width
Shank Length

Fig.2.1

2. Phillips Screw Driver

This tool made to fit the tapered cross-slots of a screw head. The more contact
points the more driving force and less slippage. It is available in different sizes;
0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. In driving screws, the tip and the head should be aligned.

Driver Tip Handle

Shank

Width
Shank Length

Fig.2.2

II. Pliers
1. Electrician Plier/Combination Plier

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This plier is design for cutting electrical conductors and also for gripping materials particularly
conductors. It has a separated jaws, a rod gripping section, side cutter, wire cropper, a fixed pivot, and
parallel handles. The flat serrated jaws are used to bend sheet metal and twist electrical conductors.
The rod gripping section is used to hold and bend small rods. The side cutter is located above the pivot
point, where maximum pressure may be applied. A pair of croppers is located above the pivot, it is
used to shear larger electrical wires. Combination pliers used around electrical installation where the
the sleeves are insulated over the handles to prevent possibility of electrical shock.

Fig.2.3
2. Diagonal Side Cutter Plier – This tool is designed specifically for cuttingelectrical conductors. It
is used for cutting jobs such as trimming the ends of electrical wire on terminal connection. This
tool has a fixed pivot. The jaws are offset by about 15 degrees and are shaped to give enough
knuckle clearance while making flush cuts. The diagonal side cutting pliers are used for cutting

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 small materials such as wires, cotter pins, tie wires, and other small materials. These pliers are not
applicable in holding or gripping objects.

Fig.2.4

3. Long nose Plier – This tool is design to make loop ends on wire connection to terminal screws. It
also used to hold electrical wires when stripping the insulator using side cutter plier.

Fig.2.5

4. Vise Grip Plier – are designed to hold objects with jaws that can be locked onto the objects.

Fig.2.6

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5. End Cutting Plier – The end cutting pliers are used to crop wire flush to the working surface. It is
designed to keep hands and fingers safely away from the wire ends.

Fig.2.7

6. Flat Nose Plier – The flat nose plier have flat serrated jaws, a fixed pivot, and curve handles
which may have insulated sleeves. This plier is used to bend light sheet metal and electrical
conductors.

Fig.2.8

7. Wire Stripper Plier – This tool is used to remove insulation from the conductor or wire for
electrical connection during the wiring installation , service of electronic equipment or assembly. It
contains a single slot adjustment within the handle to allow for different gauges of wire.

Fig.2.9

III, Hammers

1. Claw Hammer – This tool used for driving and pulling common nails and tapping
objects like chisel, center punch and others.

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Fig.2.10

2. Ball Peen Hammer – This tools are deal for heavy-duty striking operations. It is used
for driving cold chisel for cutting rods or big wires, and making hole on the concrete
wall.

Fig.2.11

3. Bumping Body Hammer – This tool used to straighten and form metals or objects.

Fig.2.12

IV. Saws

1. Cross Cut Saw – This tool consist of thin and flat steel blades that have a row of spaced notches
or teeth along the edge. The blade is fastened to a handle. It is used to cut against the grain of the
wood.

Fig.2.13

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2. Back Saw – This tool has a straight blade and parallel top and bottom, with a heavy strip of steel
or brass wrapped along the back to provide rigidity. It is used for cutting and making joints of the
lumber section.
A backsaw is a specialized handsaw for cutting tenons (joints or grooves) in wood. The
blade is rectangular; 8 to 14 inches in length, with a hardwood or plastic handle and a
metal-reinforced back edge (opposite the teeth) to keep the blade from bending while
cutting. There are 11 to 20 teeth, or points, per inch. Backsaws are used to cut across
the wood grain similar to the larger and more flexible crosscut saw.

Fig.2.14

3. Nested Saw – Consist of a wooden handle to which several different blades can be attached,
making up different types of saws such as Keyhole saw or compass saw. A slotted end at the heel
of each blade slips into pistol-grip type handle where a wingnut fastens it in place. It is used to cut
along curved lines and holes on the plyboard or plywood.

Fig.2.15

4. Key Hole Saw – This tool is the smallest type of saw. Its blade has a very narrow point small
enough to enter a ¼ inch hole. It is used for cutting, shaping, and enlarging hole.

Fig.2.16

Hack Saw – This tool is designed to cut almost any size or shape of metal object. The
hacksaw used two types of blades,
hard and flexible type f blade

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 depending on the nature of the task. The blade is held to the saw frame by pins that fit
into small holes at each end of the blade. Blade tension is adjusted by a screw and
wingnut assembly at either the nose or the handle end of the frame

Fig.2.17

2.2.2 Electrical equipment

An electricity meter, electric meter, electrical meter, or energy meter is a device or an electrical
equipment that measures the amount of electric energy consumed by a residence, a business, or an
electrically powered device. Electric utilities use electric meters installed at customers' premises for
billing purposes.

Fig 2.18. Energy meter

II.2.3. Personal protective equipment (PPE) for installation of electrical wiring

PPE for electrical work, including testing and fault finding must be suitable for the work, properly
tested and maintained in good working order. The PPE must be able to withstand the energy at the
point of work when working energized. Training must be provided in how to select and fit the correct
type of equipment, as well as training on the use and care of the equipment so that it works effectively.
Depending on the type of work and the risks involved, the following PPE should be considered:
 Face Protection—use of a suitably arc rated full face shield may be appropriate when working
where there is potential for high current and arcing.

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  Eye Protection—metal spectacle frames should not be worn.
 Gloves—use gloves insulated to the highest potential voltage expected for the work being
undertaken. Leather work gloves may be considered for de-energised electrical work.

 Clothing—use non-synthetic clothing of non-fusible material and flame resistant. Clothing

made from conductive material or containing metal threads should not be worn.
 Footwear—use non-conductive footwear, for example steel toe capped boots or shoes
manufactured to a suitable standard.
 Safety Belt/Harness—safety belts and harnesses should be checked and inspected each time
before use with particular attention being paid to buckles, rings, hooks, clips and webbing.

Information Sheet-3 Obtaining materials with established procedures

3.1 . Procedures of Obtaining materials

To obtain certain materials, the established procedures are:
 preparing proposal
 identifying necessary materials
 listing down the description and quantities of materials
 obtaining from either governmental ,nongovernmental or private
organization
Electrical materials are developed and constructed for a special purpose such as to:

1. Control the flow of current in an electrical circuit;

2. Carry electrical current from the source to the load or current consuming apparatus;

3. Hold and secure wires to its fixtures inside and outside houses and buildings

4. Protect the houses, buildings, appliances’ and instruments from any destruction and damage

3.2 Convenience outlet of electrical materials

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A device that acts as a convenient source of electrical energy for current consuming appliances. It is
where the male plug of an appliance is inserted and usually fastened on the wall or connected in an
extension cord. It maybe single, duplex, triplex or multiplex and could be surface type or flush type.

Fig.3.1 convenience out let

 Male plug-
A device inserted to a convenience outlet to conduct electric current. A flat cord is attached to it on
one end and the other end is connected to a current consuming instrument or appliance.

Fig 3.2

 Lamp holders-
Devices that hold and protect the lamp and are also called as Lamp Sockets/Receptacles

‖. These come in many designs and sizes. They a reclassified as flush, hanging (weatherproof/chain)
and surface types.

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Fig 3.3

 Switch -
A device that connects and dis-connects the flow of electric current in a circuit. There are many
shapes, designs, and types and they are classified as hanging, flush, and surface types.

Fig 3.4

 Fuse
- A circuit protective device that automatically blows and cut the current when and over load or short
circuit happens.

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Circuit fig 3.5

 Breaker
- a protective device used to automatically blows and cuts the current when trouble in the circuit such
as short circuit or overload occurs.

Fig 3.6

 Junction Box
- An octagonal shaped electrical material where the connections or joints of wires are being done. It is
also where the flush type lamp holder is attached. This could be made of metal or plastic (PVC) Poly
vinyl chloride.

fig 3.7

 Utility Box
- A rectangular shaped metallic or plastic (PVC) material in which flush type convenience outlet and
switch are attached.

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Fig 3.8

 Flat Cord-
Is a duplex stranded wire used for temporary wiring installation and commonly used in extension cord
assembly. It comes in a roll of 150 meters and with sizes of gauge # 18 and gauge #16 awg (American
wire gauge)

Fig 3.9

 Electrical Wire/Conductor could be:

a. Stranded wire which is made of multiple strands joined together to make a single wire.
b. Solid wire is made of a single strand of copper or aluminum wire. These are used in wiring
installation inside and outside the buildings.

 Conduits/Pipes-
Electrical materials used as the passage of wires for protection and insulation. These could be rigid
metallic, flexible metallic conduit (FMC), rigid non metallic (PVC), and flexible non-metallic or
corrugated plastic conduit (CPC)

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Fig 3.10

 Clamps
- Electrical materials used to hold and anchor electrical conduits in its proper position.

Fig 3.11

 Connectors
- used to attach metallic or non-metallic conduit to the junction or utility

Reference

 https://buyersask.com/electrical/10-common-electrical-defects-home-inspectors-find/
 EBCS 10
 IEE Regulation 2017

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LO2: Install Electrical Protection System
Instruction Sheet Learning Guide -32

This learning guide is developed to provide you the necessary information regarding the following
content coverage and topics:
 Following safety procedures throughout the process of installation
 Performing Correct procedures for Installation of electrical protection system
 Following Schedule of work to quality standard and with agreed time
 Waiting instructions from a supervisor if unplanned events or conditions occur
 Doing On-going checks of quality of work

This guide will also assist you to attain the learning outcome stated in the cover page. Specifically,
upon completion of this Learning Guide, you will be able to:
 Follow safety procedures throughout the process of installation
 Perform Correct procedures for Installation of electrical protection system
 Follow Schedule of work to quality standard and with agreed time
 Wait instructions from a supervisor if unplanned events or conditions occur
 Do On-going checks of quality of work

Learning Instructions:
1. Read the specific objectives of this Learning Guide.

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 2. Follow the instructions described below 3 to 6.
3. Read the information written in the information “Sheet 1, Sheet 2, Sheet 3 and Sheet 4” in page
23, 27,34, 36, and 39
4. Accomplish the “Self-check 1, Self-check 2, Self-check 3, self-check 4 and Self-check 5” in
page 26, 33, 35,38 and 42respectively.
5. If you earned a satisfactory evaluation from the “Self-check” proceed to “Operation Sheet 1,
Operation Sheet 2 and Operation Sheet 3 ” in page 43,45 and 47
6. Do the “LAP test” in page 49.

Information Sheet-1 Following safety procedures throughout the process of installation

1.1. Following safety procedure

Electrical instructions throughout the process of installation may include, but not be limited
to:
1. De-energizing circuits, if possible, and providing a means to prevent re-energization
2. Grounding conductors and all possible conducting parts

3. Controlling associated generating equipment

4. Testing of equipment to ensure safe conditions

5. Provision of rubber-insulated protective equipment rated for the highest voltage present

6. Qualified personnel

7. PPE and protective clothing (e.g., hardhats, safety shoes, eye and face protection, insulated live-line
tools, hot sticks, cotton or fire-resistant clothing, and arc protection)

8. Working on experimental equipment

A safe work environment is not always enough to control all potential electrical hazards. You must
be very cautious and work safely. Safety rules help you control your and others risk of injury or death

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from workplace hazards. If you are working on electrical circuits or with electrical tools and
equipment, you need to use following golden safety rules:

21 Golden Safety Rules

Rule no.1

Avoid contact with energized electrical circuits. Please don’t make fun of this rule if you already know
this (and you probably already know if you are reading these lines) and remember that if something
bad occurs – you probably won’t have second chance. That’s not funny.

Rule no. 2

Treat all electrical devices as if they are live or energized. You never know.

Rule no. 3

Disconnect the power source before servicing or repairing electrical equipment.

The only way to be sure.

Rule no. 4

Use only tools and equipment with non-conducting handles when working on electrical devices.Easy
to check.

Rule no. 5

Never use metallic pencils or rulers, or wear rings or metal watchbands when working with electrical
equipment. This rule is very easy to forget, especially when you are showing some electrical part
pointing with metallic pencil. Always be aware.

Rule no. 6

When it is necessary to handle equipment that is plugged in, be sure hands are dry and, when possible,
wear nonconductive gloves, protective clothes and shoes with insulated soles. Remember: gloves,
clothes and shoes.

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 Fig. 1 Safety clothes, gloves and shoes

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Rule no. 7

If it is safe to do so, work with only one hand, keeping the other hand at your side or in your pocket,
away from all conductive material.

This precaution reduces the likelihood of accidents that result in current passing through the chest
cavity.

If you ever read about current passing through human body you will know, so remember – work with
one hand only.

If you don’t clue about electric current path through human body, read more in following
technical articles:

Do You Understand What Is Electric Shock?

What psychological effect does an electric shock?

Rule no. 8

Minimize the use of electrical equipment in cold rooms or other areas where condensation is likely.
If equipment must be used in such areas, mount the equipment on a wall or vertical panel.

Rule no. 9

If water or a chemical is spilled onto equipment, shut off power at the main switch or circuit
breaker and unplug the equipment.

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Very logical. NEVER try to remove water or similar from equipment while energized. Afterall, it’s
stupid to do so.

Rule no. 10
If an individual comes in contact with a live electrical conductor, do not touch the equipment, cord
or person. Disconnect the power source from the circuit breaker or pull out the plug using a leather
belt.
Tricky situation, and you must be very calm in order not to make the situation even worse.
Like in previous rules – Always disconnect the power FIRST.

Alwa
ys disconnect the power FIRST
Fig. 2.Disconnect the power source

Rule no. 11

Equipment producing a “tingle” should be disconnected and reported promptly for repair.

Rule no. 12

Do not rely on grounding to mask a defective circuit nor attempt to correct a fault by insertion of
another fuse or breaker, particularly one of larger capacity.

Rule no. 13

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Drain capacitors before working near them and keep the short circuit on the terminals during the
work to prevent electrical shock.

Rule no. 14

Never touch another person’s equipment or electrical control devices unless instructed to do
so.Don’t be too smart. Don’t try your luck.

Rule no. 15

Enclose all electric contacts and conductors so that no one can accidentally come into contact with
them.If applicable do it always, if not be very careful.

Rule no. 16

Never handle electrical equipment when hands, feet, or body are wet or perspiring, or when standing
on a wet floor.Remember: Gloves and shoes

Rule no. 17

When it is necessary to touch electrical equ ipment (for example, when checking for overheated
motors), use the back of the hand. Thus, if accidental shock were to cause muscular contraction, you
would not “freeze” to the conductor.

Rule no. 18

Do not store highly flammable liquids near electrical equipment.

Rule no. 19

Be aware that interlocks on equipment disconnect the high voltage source when a cabinet door is open
but power for control circuits may remain on.Read the single line diagram and wiring schemes – know
your switchboard.

Rule no. 20

De-energize open experimental circuits and equipment to be left unattended.

Rule no. 21

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Do not wear loose clothing or ties near electrical equipment. Act like an electrical engineer, you are
not on the beach.

Performing Correct procedures for Installation of electrical protection

Information Sheet- 2
system

2.1. Performing correct procedures for Installation of electrical protection system.

Procedures are the specific methods employed to express policies in action in day-to-day operations of
the organization.

Electrical -system protection is a branch of electrical power engineering that deals with
the protection of electrical power systems from faults through the disconnection of faulted parts from
the rest of the electrical network. The devices that are used to protect the power systems from faults
are called protection devices.

5. Electrical safety tips you should know for your home

 Replace or repair damaged power cords.

 Exposed wiring is a danger that cannot go overlooked.
 Don't overload your outlets.
 Avoid extension cords as much as possible.
 Keep electrical equipment or outlets away from water.
 Protect small children from hazards.
2.1.1. Protection against overcurrent
An overcurrent is a current greater than the rated current of a circuit. It may occur in two ways:
1.Overload current

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 2. Short circuit or fault current
These conditions need to be protected against in order to avoid damage to circuit conductors and
equipment. In practice, fuses and circuit breakers will fulfill both of these needs.
 Overloads
Overheads are overcurrent, occurring in healthy circuits. They may be caused, for example, by faulty
appliances or by surges due to motors starting.
 Short circuits
A short-circuit is the current that will flow when a ‘dead short’ occurs between live conductors (phase
to neutral for single-phase; phase to phase for three phase). Prospective short-circuit current is the
same, but the term is usually used to signify the value of short-circuit at fuse or circuit breaker
positions.
Prospective short-circuit current is of great importance. However, before discussing it or any other
overcurrent further, it is perhaps wise to refresh our memories with regard to fuses and circuit breakers
and their characteristics.
 Fuses and circuit breakers
As we all know, a fuse is the weak link in a circuit which will break when too much current flows,
thus protecting the circuit conductors from damage. It must be remembered that the priority of the fuse
is to protect the circuit conductors, not the appliance or the user. Calculation of cable size therefore
automatically involves the correct selection of protective devices.
There are many different types and sizes of fuse, all designed to perform a certain function. The IEE
Regulations refer to only four of these: BS 3036, BS 88, BS 1361 and BS 1362 fuses. It is perhaps
sensible to include, at this point, circuit breakers to BS 3871, BS EN 60898 and RCBOs to BS EN
61009, although the BS 3871 MCBs are no longer included in the IEE Regulations.
 Fuses
A fuse is simply a device which carries a metal element, usually tinned copper, which will melt and
break the circuit when excessive current flows.
There are three types of fuse:
1.The rewritable or semi-enclosed fuse;
2.The cartridge fuse and fuse link; and
3.The high-rupturing-capacity (H.R.C.) fuse.
1. The rewritable fuse (BS 3036)

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A rewritable fuse consists of a fuse, holder, a fuse element and a fuse carrier, the holder and carrier
being made of porcelain or Bakelite (Fig. 1).

Fig.2.1. Typical rewritable fuse assembly

The circuit for which this type of fuse is designed has a color code which is marked on the fuse holder
and is as follows:
45 A – green
30 A – red
20 A – yellow
15 A – blue
5 A – white
Although this type of fuse is very popular in domestic installations, as it is cheap and easy to repair, it
has serious disadvantages.
1. The fact that it is repairable enables the wrong size of fuse wire (element) to be used.
2. The elements become weak after long usage and may break under normal conditions.
3 Normal starting-current surges (e.g. when motors etc. are switched on) are ‘seen’ by the fuse as an
overload and will therefore break the circuit.
3 The fuse holder and carrier can become damaged as a result of arcing in the event of a heavy
overload.
2. Cartridges fuse (BS 1361 and BS 1362)

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A cartridge fuse consists of a porcelain tube with metal and caps to which the element is attached. The
tube is filled with silica (Fig. 17.5).

Fig 2.2 Cartridge fuse

These fuses are found generally in modern plug tops used with 13 A socket outlets, and in some
distribution boards and at mains intake positions (Electricity Board fuse). They have the advantage
over the rewritable fuse of not deteriorating, accuracy in breaking at rated values and not arcing where
interrupting faults. They are, however, expensive to replace.
3. High-rupturing-capacity fuses
The H,R,C fuse is a sophisticated variation of the cartridge fuse and is normally found protecting
motor circuits and industrial installations. It consists of a porcelain body filled with silica with a silver
element and lug type and caps. Another feature is the indicating element which shows when the fuse
has blown.

Fig.2.3 HRC fuse

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It is very fast-acting and can discriminate between a starting surge and an overload.
 Circuit breaker (CB)
A circuit breaker (CB) is an automatically operated electric switch designed to protect an electrical
circuit from damage caused by an overload or short circuit.

Operation of Circuit breaker:

All circuit breakers have a common feature in their operations, although details vary substantially
depending on the class of stress, rating and type of circuit breaker.

Fig 2.4 circuit breaker

The circuit breaker must detect an error condition. In low-voltage contact breakers, it is usually done
in a tripping lever. A high-voltage circuit breaker has separated the device to feel an over current or

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other error. An error is detected; the contact in the contact breaker must be open to interrupt the
circuit. Mechanical energy stored in the tripping lever is used to separate contacts, although some of
the energy required may be obtained from the fault flow itself. When one current is interrupted, a
circular arc is fixed. This circular arc chamber must be inserted, cooled and extinguished in a
controlled manner, such that the gap between contacts can hold the voltage in the circuit again.
Finally, once the error condition is clean, the contact must be reclosed to rebuild energy (energy) to
the interrupting circuit.

Circuit Breakers:-It is a device designed to open and close a circuit by non- automatic means, and to
open the circuit automatically on a predetermined over current without injury to itself when properly
applied within its rating. So, circuit breaker is combination device composed of a manual switch and
an over current devices. Essentially a circuit breaker consists of a carefully calibrated by metallic strip.
As current flows through the strip, heat is created and the strip bends. If enough current flows through
the strip, it bends enough to release a trip that opens the contacts, interrupting the circuit just as it is
interrupted when a fuse blows or a switch is opened. In addition to the bimetallic strip that operates by
heat, most breakers have a magnetic arrangement that open the breaker instantly in case of short
circuit. A circuit breaker can be considered a switch that opens itself in case of overload. Circuit
breakers are rated in amperes just as fuses are rated. Like fuses, breakers are tested in open air to carry
110% of their rated loads indefinitely without tripping. Most breakers will carry 150% of their rated
load for perhaps a minute; 200% for about 20 second.

Standard rating: Both fuse and circuit breakers are available in standard ratings of
6,10,16,20,25,35,50,53,80,100,125,160,224,250,300 and large sizes.

Comparison between MCB versus convectional fuses

MCB Conventiona
l fuses

1. Protection Sometimes, fuse wire of proper rating is

MCB instantly switches off the supply not used which results in non-
automatically if there is a short circuit, disconnection (melting) of fuse wire in
overload or earth fault. It thus prevents the event of short circuit, or power
damage to expensive wiring and the risk of overload. This can lead to electrical

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 fire. accidents, as the tripping is essential in
such cases.

2. Safety TO replace a blown fuse in between live

Re-starting power supply after tripping due current carrying points is potentially
to over load or short circuit is easy. Just dangerous especially in the dark. The
switch on the MCB like switching on a fuse wire may go loose even if replaced
lamp, which any person can do. and this may be dangerous while fixing
the fuse.

3. Convenience The system using rewirable is not

The MCB needs no maintenance and repairs. convenient as the exact size of fuse wire
It doesn’t deteriorate with time. may not be available as the time of wiring.
Also complete kit of hand tools has to be
kept ready all the time.

4. Look The fuse board is not compact one and

The board where MCB is installed gives a large enough to be hidden.
beautiful look as it is compact and elegant

Information Sheet-3 Following Schedule of work to quality standard and with agreed
time
3.1 . Following Schedule of work to quality standard

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 . What is Quality?

 The ongoing process of building and sustaining relationships by assessing, anticipating,

and fulfilling stated and implied needs.
 Quality is the customers' perception of the value of the suppliers' work output.
 A product or process that is Reliable, and that performs its intended function is said to be a
quality product.
 Quality is nothing more or less than the perception the customer has of you, your
products, and your services!
!
 Quality policy
Quality policy is a document jointly developed by management and quality experts to express the
quality objectives of the organization, the acceptable level of quality and the duties of specific
departments to ensure quality.
Your quality policy should:
 State a clear commitment to quality.
 Recognize customer needs and expectations.
 Be actively supported by senior management.
 List the quality objectives you want to achieve.
 Be understood by everyone in the organization.
 Be consistent with your organization's goals.
 Be maintained throughout your organization.
 Be applied throughout your organization.
 Quality system
Develop a quality system and a manual that describes it. Your quality system should ensure that your
products conform to all specified requirements.
Your quality manual should:
 State your quality policy.
 List your quality objectives.
 Provide an overview of your quality system.
 Describe the structure of your organization.
 Discuss your quality system procedures.

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  Introduce your quality documents and records.
 Teach people about your quality system.
 Control quality system work practices.
 Guide the implementation of your quality system.
 Explain how your quality system will be audited
3.2 Following Schedule of work with agreed time
The Guidelines also acknowledge that scheduling parenting time is more difficult when these
guidelines are based upon the developmental stages of trainees. A schedule, often called a rota or
roster, is a list of trainees, and associated information e.g. location, working times, responsibilities for
a given time period e.g. week, month In shift work, a schedule usually employs a recurring shift plan

Waiting instructions from a supervisor if unplanned events or

Information Sheet-4
conditions occur

4.1 Reporting unplanned events or conditions

An accident is an unplanned or undesirable event that brings loss or injury. An unsafe act is an
element of unsatisfactory behavior prior to the event which plays a significant role in the accident.

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Some examples include the following: short cuts, horseplay, carelessness, risk taking and lack of
situational awareness

All serious and note able incidents must be reported immediately to the relevant manager/supervisor
and Health Safety and Wellbeing (HSW). HSW will notify Queensland Work Health and Safety.

An incident is an unplanned event that has resulted in, or has the potential to result in injury, illness,
damage or loss. The term ‘incident’ includes accidents and near hits.

Incidents should be reported and investigated as soon as practical after the event to prevent re-
occurrences. The aim of incident investigation is to identify deficiencies in the occupational health and
safety management system and improve the existing system to prevent further incidents, not to assign
blame.

Record the results of the inspection and testing to make sure the electrical installation is safe to be
used until the next inspection (following any work needed to make it safe)

Find any damage and wear and tear that might affect safety, and report it

Find any parts of the electrical installation that do not meet the IET Wiring Regulations.

Help find anything that may cause electric shocks and high temperatures.

Provide and important record of the installation at the time of the inspection, and for inspection testing
in the future.

Types of condition report

In general, there are two types of domestic electrical installation condition report:

Visual condition report - this does not include testing and is only suitable if the installation has
been testing recently.

 Periodic inspection reports - this is what we would normally recommend, as it tests the
installation and would find any hidden damage.
Checking quality of on-going work
Information Sheet-5

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5.1 Checking quality of on-going work

Quality control (QC) is a procedure or set of procedures intended to ensure that before work is
complete, as opposed to afterwards) meets specified requirements. Finally, the QC process must
be ongoing to ensure that remedial efforts. A final quality check should include

1. measuring instrument for checking the protective measures in electrical installations by determining
different, selectable via measured variables, with an appropriately designed a safety plug three-pole
measuring plug, whose three of earthling contact and two plug pins existing poles are connected via
measuring lines to the measuring instrument, of which, however each at most two, possibly alternating
poles serve as measuring contacts for receiving required for the respective measurement potential
differences, characterized in that an automatic measuring equipment in dependence on the position of
the (1) and which upon insertion of the measuring plug (2) into an outlet polarity resulting possibly
determined by switching, acting of the three poles (3,4,5) of the measuring plug (2) as measuring
contacts, and the measuring plug (2) mounted manual switch (6) so via the automatic measuring
equipment with the (1) cooperates that after the takes place setting to the respective measured further
operation of the measuring apparatus only via the manual switch (6).

2. Measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the automatic measuring

equipment in each case by appropriate switching the pole pin (3 or 4) makes for measuring contact,
which comes to rest against phase (L), while the pole pin on the neutral conductor (N) lying ( 4 or 3)
or the earthling contact (5), possibly alternately, as measuring contact serve.

3. Measuring instrument according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one of the measuring plug (2)
is attachable contact adapter (7) comprises a plug-in pot (8) are fixed to the two test probes (9,10),
wherein a first on contacted by the plug receptacle (8) permanently mounted probe head (9) with the
earthling contact (5) of the measuring plug (2) and a second, through a measuring cable (11) with the
plug receptacle ((8) probe head associated with one of the two pole pins 3,4 ) of the measuring plug
(2) contacted.

4. Measuring instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measuring
plug (2) adjacent to the outer protective contacts (5) 49441 also has an earthing contact socket (12) in
accordance with DIN for receiving an earthing contact pin, and the contacting of the first measuring

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tip (9) of the contact adapter (7) via a contact pin (13), which engages in the earthling contact socket
(12).

5. Measuring instrument according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at (1) two ranges are
provided for voltage measurement and the two pole pins in a first measuring range (3,4) serve as
measuring contacts, so that the voltage between the phase conductor L and neutral conductor N is
measured, a pole pin and the earthling contact serve as measuring contacts in a second range as and is
measured here in cooperation with the automatic phase matching between the phase conductor L and
the protective conductor PE.

6. Measuring instrument according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the automatic phase
matching of the pole pins (3,4) is in the position of the provided for measuring the voltage between the
phase L and protective conductor PE, and the measuring plug locked is provided with pole markings
which enable a defined assignment to the position of the phase on the outlet.

7. Measuring instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a touch
contact (14) is provided at the measuring plug (2) connected to high impedance, preferably with a
protective capacitor capacitvely, via a signal circuit to the earthing contact (5) of the measuring plug
(2) is such that when a dangerous lying on the protective conductor potential to the touch of the
touching contact (14) comprises a body current flows to ground, which causes the signal circuit to
signal the excessive PE-potential.

8. Measuring instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the signal
circuit includes an amplifier and its power supply is affected from a battery, which also serves to
supply the measuring instrument.

9. Measuring instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the manual
switch (6) to the, preferably by a microprocessor controlled automatic measuring equipment operates,
and thereby initiates the measurement sequence, and optical and / or acoustic signal means are
provided on the meter that inadmissible deviations certain nominal conditions under which the
measurement is carried out, in particular impermissible system voltages, signal.

10. Measuring instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the manual
switch (6) is designed as a push button, and is initiated by pressing the key, switching of the meter for

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a limited by a timer time, preferably 15 seconds remains effective after shuts off the measuring
instrument itself.

11. Measuring instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the manual
switch (6) is designed as a sliding switch, which apart from its rest position (16) and its second
position (17) for switching the measuring device, a third switching position (18) , depending on the
position of the (1) enables further evaluations or tests, and causes a display extension for 15 seconds at
operated again.

12. Measuring instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the third
switch position (18) of the manual switch (6) indicates a calculated value, the measuring instrument,
which is mathematically derived from the value determined in the second switch position
measurement value by a computing circuit of the measuring instrument and that this calculated value
of the short circuit current when the (1) assumes a provided for measuring the loop resistance or the
internal resistance of switching position.

13. Measuring instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the third
switch position (18) of the manual switch (6) flows onto the two measuring contacts a test current,
which corresponds approximately to the nominal fault current of a fault-current circuit breaker to be
tested when the 1) a takes for measuring the contact voltage provided switching position.

14. Measuring instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the
measuring device has a bush (19) for connecting a ground probe and the sleeve (19) contains a
changeover contact, which defines a measuring contact of the measuring plug (2) to the ground probe,
so that the freed for voltage measurement pole of the measuring plug only serves to conduct the test
current.

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 Operation Sheet-1
Install Electrical Protection System

TITLE: Install circuit breaker for one lamp controlled from two positions on 220V/50Hz.supply.

Procedure
Step 1:- wear PPE.
Step 2:- draw schematic diagram using the given lay out diagram.

DB

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 J

S1 S2

Step 3:- Draw wiring diagrams using the given lay out diagram.
Step 4:- select required tools and materials
Step 5:- Check the material and equipment

Step 6:- install conduit and connection box using by lay out diagram.

Step 7:Prepare conductors and start inserting it to the PVC conduit while being pulled on the other
end until the conductors reaches the panel board.

Step 8: Connect the components from the source to final circuit

Step 9: Check the whole installation circuit and connections
Step 10: connect the power supply with installation circuit
Step 11: Check the whole installation circuit after connecting the power supply.
Operation Sheet-2 Install Electrical Protection System

TITLE: Install circuit breaker for power and lighting circuit when Two lamps controlled from two
positions and connect socket outlet on 220V/50Hz.supply.

Procedure

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Step 1:- wear PPE.
Step 2:- draw schematic diagram using the given lay out diagram.

DB

so
S1 S2
Step 3: Draw wiring diagrams using the given lay out diagram.
Step 4: select required tools and materials
Step 5: Check the material and equipment

Step 6:install conduit and connection box using by lay out diagram.

Step 7:Prepare conductors and start inserting it to the PVC conduit while being pulled on the other
end until the conductors reaches the panel board.

Step 8: Connect the components from the source to final circuit

Step 9: Check the whole installation circuit and connections
Step 10: To connect the supply with installation circuit
Step 11: Check the whole installation circuit after connecting the supply.

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 Operation Sheet-3 Install Electrical Protection System

TITLE: Install circuit breaker for power and lighting circuit when two lamps controlled from two
positions and connect Mittad and general purpose socket outlet on 220V/50Hz.supply.

Procedure
Step 1:- wear PPE.
Step 2:- draw schematic diagram using the given lay out diagram.

L1 L2

DB

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 J

So(Mittad)

So
S1 S2

Step 3:- Draw wiring diagrams using the given lay out diagram.
Step 4:- select required tools and materials
Step 5:- Check the material and equipment

Step 6:- install conduit and connection box using by lay out diagram.

Step 7: Prepare conductors and start inserting it to the PVC conduit while being pulled on the other
end until the conductors reaches the panel board.

Step 8: Connect the components from the source to final circuit

Step 9: Check the whole installation circuit and connections
Step 10: To connect the supply with installation circuit
Step 11: Check the whole installation circuit after connecting the supply.

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 LAP Test Practical Demonstration
Name:

_____________________________ Date: ________________

Time started: ________________________ Time finished: ________________
Instructions: Given necessary templates, tools and materials you are required to perform the
following tasks within 8 hours.

Task 1. Install circuit breaker for one lamp controlled from two positions on 220V/50Hz.supply
Task 2. Install circuit breaker for power and lighting circuit when Two lamps controlled from two
positions and connect socket outlet on 220V/50Hz.supply.

Task 3. : Install circuit breaker for power and lighting circuit when two lamps controlled from two
positions and connect Mittad and general purpose socket outlet on 220V/50Hz.suppl
References

 https://buyersask.com/electrical/10-common-electrical-defects-home-inspectors-find/
 EBCS 10
 IEE Regulation 2017
 https://automationforum.co/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/circuit-breaker.png

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LO 3: Notify Completion of Work
Instruction Sheet Learning Guide 33

This learning guide is developed to provide you the necessary information regarding the following
content coverage and topics:
 Making final checks to ensure the work conforms with instructions
 Notifying completion of work to Supervisor
This guide will also assist you to attain the learning outcome stated in the cover page. Specifically,
upon completion of this Learning Guide, you will be able to:
 Make final checks to ensure the work conforms with instructions
 Notify completion of work to Supervisor
Learning Instructions:
1. Read the specific objectives of this Learning Guide.
2. Follow the instructions described below 3 to 6.

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 3. Read the information written in the information “Sheet 1, and Sheet 2,”.in page 53 and 56.
4. Accomplish the “Self-check 1 and Self-check 2,” in page 55 and 58.

Information Sheet-1 Making final checks to ensure the work conforms with instructions

1.1 Making final checks to ensure the work conforms with instructions
Electrical safety testing is essential to ensure safe operating standards for any product that uses
electricity.

Testing or checking procedures are:

 The installing diagram must be step by step inspection and finally total inspect.
 The last inspection of the property being purchased prior to closing. This inspection is done to
determine the condition of the property and ensure the property is in the same condition as at the
time of the agreement of sale.
 All electrical installations must have an electrical inspection performed to ensure the installation
meets the minimum electrical safety requirements
 At the final inspection, if the material is found to be unacceptable and it is determined that it can
be reworked, this will be noted by the quality assurance department on the final inspection
reports. 100% inspection shall be performed on the identified nonconforming characteristics.
Nonconforming material will be tagged with a red tag and marked with a rework
method/procedure to be utilized.
 The quality assurance department will return all nonconforming material to the responsible
manufacturing process for immediate correction.
 The reworked material or process will be reinserted by the quality assurance department.
Inspection shall be 100% for characteristics found discrepant at the final inspection, and sample
inspected for the dimensions that were originally found to be conforming.

 Testing an electrical installation

The visual inspection is carried out first, to confirm that permanently-wired electrical equipment is
compliant with the safety requirements and not visibly damaged, and that fire barrier, protective,

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monitoring, isolating and switching devices and the relevant documentation are present. Electrical
testing may commence after this inspection.

Fig. 1. It is essential to use the right tools for testing to IEC standards

Other methods are not precluded, provided that they give equally valid results. Only with the
appropriate experience and training, safe clothing and the right test tools is a person considered
competent to test installations to IEC 60364.6.61. When testing is undertaken it should be ensured that
adequate precautions are taken to avoid damage or injury to people, equipment or property, and
ensured that unauthorized persons are kept away from danger.

A digital multi-meter or DMM is a useful instrument for measuring voltage, current and resistance,
and some meters have a facility for testing transistors and capacitors. You can also use it for checking
continuity of wires and fuses.

Notifying completion of work to Supervisor

Information Sheet- 2

2.1Notifying completion of work to Supervisor

 Notify mean to tell someone officially about something

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 Supervisor

Person in the first-line management who monitors and regulatesemployees in their

performance of assigned or delegated tasks. Supervisors are usually authorized to
recommend and/or effect hiring, disciplining, promoting, punishing, rewarding, and
other associated activities regarding the employees in their departments.

2.1.1. To notifying completion of work include:

 Materials Safety Data Sheet & Handling Methods

 OH & S requirements are to be in accordance with State or Territory legislation and

regulations, organizational safety policies and procedures, and project safety plan. This may
include

a. protective clothing and equipment,

b. use of tools and equipment,

c. workplace environment and safety,

d. handling of materials,

e. use of firefighting equipment,

f. use of first aid equipment,

g. hazard control and

h. hazardous materials and substances

 Personal protective equipment is to include that prescribed under legislation, regulation and
workplace policies and practices.
 Safe operating procedures are to include but not be limited to recognizing and preventing
hazards associated with underground services, other machines, personnel, traffic control,
working in proximity to others, worksite visitors and the public

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 2.1.2 Hazards and risksmay include but not be limited to uneven/unstable terrain, trees,
fires, overhead and underground services, bridges, buildings, excavations, traffic,
embankments, cuttings, structures and hazardous materials
 Emergency procedures related to equipment operation are to include but may not be limited
to emergency shutdown and stopping, extinguishing equipment fires, organizational first aid
requirements and evacuation.
References

 https://buyersask.com/electrical/10-common-electrical-defects-home-inspectors-find/
 EBCS 10
 IEE Regulation 2017
 https://automationforum.co/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/circuit-breaker.png


LO 4: Clean up

Instruction Sheet Learning Guide 34

This learning guide is developed to provide you the necessary information regarding the following
content coverage and topics:

 clearing, reusing or recycling and disposing materials in work area with

legislation/regulations/codes of practice and job specification
 Cleaning, checking, maintaining and storing plant, tools and equipment standard
work practices
This guide will also assist you to attain the learning outcome stated in the cover page. Specifically,
upon completion of this Learning Guide, you will be able to:

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  clearing, reusing or recycling and disposing materials in work area with
legislation/regulations/codes of practice and job specification
 Cleaning, checking, maintaining and storing plant, tools and equipment standard
work practices

Learning Instructions:
1. Read the specific objectives of this Learning Guide.
2. Follow the instructions described below 3 to 6.
3. Read the information written in the information “Sheet 1 and Sheet 2”.in page 60 and 63.
4. Accomplish the “Self-check 1 and Self-check 2,” in page 62 and 64 respectively.

clearing, reusing or recycling and disposing materials in work area

Information Sheet-1
with legislation/regulations/codes of practice and job specification

1.1 clearing, reusing or recycling materialsin work area

 Clearingmeans removing wastes or unwanted materials.
 Reuse is the action or practice of using something again, whether for its original purpose
(conventional reuse) or to fulfill a different function (creative reuse or repurposing). It should
be distinguished from recycling, which is the breaking down of used items to make
raw materials. Reuse often requires cleaning or transport, which have environmental costs.
 Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects.
Recycling reduces waste disposal by transforming useful materials such as plastic, glass and
paper into new products
1.2 Disposing Materials in work area (disposal): Final placement or riddance of wastes,
excess, scrap, etc., under proper process and authority with unlike in storage.
Cleaning, checking, maintaining and storing plant, tools and
Information Sheet- 2 equipment standard work practices

2.1 Cleaning and checking plant, tools and equipment standard work practices

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Cleaning is the process of removing unwanted substances, such as dirt, infectious agents, and some
items and materials require specialized cleaning techniques, due to their shape. Tools and equipment
should be cleaned and checked after using them for draining and dewatering construction sites. Both
hand tools and equipment needs regular cleaning before storing them in their proper space. And plant
should be cleaned regularly.

2.2 . Maintaining and storing plant, tools & equipmentstandard work practices
Maintain mean, to keep in a condition of good repair , efficiency or to keep in an existing state,
preserve or retain.
2.2.1 Maintaining and storing of tools and equipment
 A number of electrical tools and equipments including hand tools used in draining and
dewatering construction sites. These tools and equipments should be maintained regularly
and stored at their appropriate places.
 This activity is used to use our resources for a long period of time and increases the safety
of tools and equipments.
 Performing good housekeeping

2.2.2. Work Area Clearance

 Work area is cleared and materials disposed of or recycled in accordance with project
environmental management plan.
 After the accomplishment of the project, the area should be cleaned up according to the
project quality requirement.
References

 https://buyersask.com/electrical/10-common-electrical-defects-home-inspectors-find/
 EBCS 10
 IEE Regulation 2017
 https://automationforum.co/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/circuit-breaker.pn

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