REVISION FOR THE FIRST TERM

UNIT4: URBANISATION
I.GRAMMAR
1. Present perfect: (hiện tại hoàn thành)
Ex: John has learnt English since he came here.
*S + HAVE /HAS + V3/ED
S + HAVE /HAS + NOT + V3/ED
HAVE /HAS +S + V3/ED?
Diễn tả:
-Hành động vừa mới xảy ra
Ex: I have just had breakfast.
- Hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ, kéo dài tới hiện tại & tiếp tục ở tương lai
Ex: Lan has learnt French for 10 years.
-Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ, kết quả ở hiện tại
Ex: I have lost my key, so I cannot open the door.
*Từ nhận dạng
- before, already, recently, lately, ever, never, yet, just, twice, several times, since, for, up to now, up till
now, so far,…….
- This is the first time/this is the second time, in the last week/ month/ ...
Lưu ý: S + present perfect + since + S + V2/ed ...
- For + khoảng thời gian
Ex: for 5 days, for 20 years, ...
- Since + mốc thời gian
Ex: since 2000, since last Sunday, ...
2. So sánh song song (càng – càng)
The + so sánh hơn + S + V, the + so sánh hơn + S + V
Ex: The more you do morning exercise, the thinner you become.
3. So sánh kép. (càng lúc càng ...)
Ex: The story gets more and more exciting.
Ex: Tony becomes lazier and lazier.
* adj-er /adv-er and adj-er /adv-er
*More and more + adj /adv
Tính từ/ trạng so sánh hơn so sánh kép
Good/ well Better Better and Better
Bad/ badly Worse Worse and Worse
Far Farther/ further further and further
Little Less less and Less
Many/ much More more and more
Lazy lazier lazier and lazier
UNIT 5: THE WORLD OF WORK
GRAMMAR
- Câu ghép (simple compound) là câu kết hợp hai mệnh đề độc lập với nhau bằng một liên từ (for,and, nor,
but, or, yet, so) và có dấu phẩy hoặc dấu chấm phẩy.
Ex: She wanted to choose bright colors for their house, but he prefers dark colors.
- Câu phức (complex sentences) là câu có một mệnh đề độc lập được nối bởi một hoặc nhiều mệnh đề phụ
thuộc. Một câu phức luôn có liên từ phụ thuộc
(as, because, since, after, although, when) hoặc đại từ quan hệ (who, that, which).
Ex: Because I did not study hard, I failed the final exam.
II. PRACTICE
*VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 1. The city’s needs upgrading to meet the demands from its citizens.
A. leisure B. convenience C. infrastructure D. unemployment
Question 2. Youth crime in the inner city has increased in recent months, requiring tightened security.
A. reliably B. affordably C. conveniently D. rapidly
Question 3. Traffic in the is a nightmare for commuters.
A. resident B. rush hour C. urbanisation D. concern
Question 4. Many fresh graduates are struggling to a nine-to-five job.
A. expand B. seek C. afford D. modernise
Question 5. The municipal authority is implementing new policies to address affordable shortages.
A. housing B. resident C. concern D. infrastructure
Question 6. This is the first time Henry Ho Chi Minh’s Mausoleum.
A. visited B. visits C. has visited D. had visited
Question 7 The well is getting polluted, forcing villagers to seek alternative clean water sources.
A. much and more B. much and much C. most and most D. more and more
Question 8. The higher property prices are, city dwellers can afford.
A. the fewest B. fewer than C. the fewer D. the fewer than
Question 9. He left school without formal qualifications,……….he couldn’t find a good job.
A. but B. so C. or D. Yet
Question 10. Henry tried to hone his business English skills he could enhance his employability.
A. if B. though C. so that D. moreover
Question 11._________ any letters from him lately?
A. Do you receive B. Have you received C. Are you receiving D. Had you received
Question12 ____ he always did well on his English tests, his parents were not surprised that he got a B
level.
A. When B. Since C. Although D. Because of
Question 13. ___________ the storm warnings, we didn’t go out last night.
 A. Because B. Because of C. Although D. In spite of
Question 14.There's a rumour that the National Bank is going to ________the company I work for.
A. take on B.take over C. take out of D. take off
Question15. Mr. Viet is a employee; he always tries to finish his tasks before deadlines.
A. reliable B. demanding C. repetitive D. stressful
*ARRANGEMENT OF THE SENTENCES TO MAKE A MEANGINGFUL PARAGRAPH/
LETTER.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to
make a meaningful paragraph/letter in each of the following questions.
Question 1:
a. Furthermore, it opens up opportunities to connect with people from different backgrounds, fostering
friendships and expanding social networks.
b. In addition to career benefits, learning a foreign language has positive effects on brain health such as such
as enhancing cognitive flexibility and increasing creativity.
c. The benefits of learning a foreign language are multifaceted and extend beyond communication.
d. To begin with, learning a foreign language opens up numerous job opportunities in today's globalized
world.
e. Lastly, it allows for deeper cultural understanding and greater appreciation of different cultures.
A.kc-a-b-d-e B. c-d-b-a-e C. d-a-b-e-c D. d-b-a-c-e
Question 2:
a. Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining good health.
b. Additionally, it improves mental well-being by reducing stress and anxiety.
c. First, it not only helps in weight management but boosts our immune system as well.
d. Dear Jane, I was thinking about our conversation on staying fit and wanted to share some thoughts on
exercise.
e. Take care.
f. Exercise can also be a fun social activity, whether it's a team sport or a group fitness class.
A. d-c-f-a-b-e B. d-c-a-b-f-e C. d-f-a-c-b-e D. d-a-c-b-f-e
Question 3. a. Thirdly, and most importantly, it is said that people tend to remember only 10-20% of what
they read or hear.
b. In this paragraph, I’m going to discuss a few reasons why practice is important to mastering skills.
c. Firstly, the only way to truly learn a skill is by actually doing what you’ll have to do in the real world.
d. In conclusion, following up explanation with practice is key to mastering a skill.
e. Secondly, I think practice can be a fun way of putting in the necessary hours.
A. c - d - e - a - b B. c - e - b - d - a C. b - c - d - a - e D. b - c - e - a - d
Question 4. a. I look forward to hearing from you.
b. I want to help you welcome guests and visitors to the office and receive and sort donations.
c. Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to apply for a volunteer position at the head office.
d. If my application is successful, I can start on 15th January 2022.
e. Yours faithfully,
f. I heard the announcement about this position on radio last Sunday.
A. c - f - d - a - b - e B. c - a - f - b - d - e C. c - f - b - d - a - e D. c - b - f - a - d - e
Question 5:
a. Mi: I'm fine, thanks. By the way, we moved to a new house in a suburb last month.
b. Ann: Oh, that's why I haven't seen you in the Reading Club very often.
c. Ann: Hi, Mi. Long time no see. How're you doing?
A. c-a-b B. b-c-a C. c-b-a D. a-c-b
Question 6:
a. John: I’m planning to visit Japan next summer.
b. Mary: Why Japan?
c. Mary: Have you already decided on the places you want to visit?
d. John: I’ve always been fascinated by Japanese culture and history.
e. Mary: That sounds amazing! I hope you enjoy the trip.
A. c-a-b-d-e B. a-b-d-c-e C. b-a-e-d-c D. c-a-d-b-e
*READING
Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
🌐 DISCOVER NEW TRAVEL BUDDIES WITH TRAVELMATE 🌐
"Who will you explore your next destination with? Will they share the same (1) ____________ for
adventure, or will they prefer a more relaxing trip?" If you often wonder (2) ____________ your travel
companions before your next vacation, we have exciting news for you! TravelMate, a (3) ____________,
allows you to select your future travel buddies before your trip. This service is designed to give you a more
enjoyable and personalized experience. All you need to do is share your travel preferences with the platform,
and you'll be matched with others (4) ____________ similar tastes. Whether you're looking to make new
friends or reconnect with previous ones, TravelMate (5) ____________ it easy. If you're seeking adventure
or simply want (6) ____________ a relaxing getaway, there's a perfect match waiting for you!
Question 1: A. enthusiastically B. enthusiast C. enthusiasm D. enthusiastic
Question 2: A. about B. for C. over D. with
Question 3: A. travel platform new B. new travel platform C. travel new platform D. new platform travel
Question 4: A. who has B. had C. to have D. having
Question 5: A. takes B. makes C. gives D. does
Question 6: A. have B. to having C. to have D. having
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the
numbered blanks..
Environmental Conservation
It is very important to take care of our environment. A big part of this is reducing pollution. When we don’t
waste things and use products that are good for the environment, we can make our planet cleaner and
healthier. (1) ____. For example, recycling or taking the bus instead of a car will help reduce pollution a lot.
Saving our natural resources is also important. (2) ________we make sure there will be enough for people in
the future. This means using less water and energy and supporting businesses that don’t harm the
environment. Doing this also helps in (3) ________.
Protecting animals and plants is another important thing. Many animals are in danger because they are losing
their homes or because of changes in the weather. If we take care of places where animals live and help save
them, (4) ________. This keeps nature healthy and balanced.
Teaching people about how to protect the environment is also key. Humans need to know
how (5) ________can hurt or help the environment. By learning about this, we can all live in a way that's
good for the environment.
To sum up, everyone needs to help protect the environment. Whether it’s by not wasting things, saving
resources, looking after animals, or learning more, (6) ________. If we all work together, we can make our
planet a better place.
Question 1:
A. This helps make less pollution B. Making less pollution happens this way
C. Which helps make less pollution D. Making less pollution
Question 2:
A. By saving natural resources B. Saving natural resources
C. To save natural resources D. Saving of natural resources
Question 3:
A. the fight for bad weather changes B. fighting bad weather changes
C. to fight bad weather changes D. fighting against bad weather changes
Question 4:
A. these important animals can save
B. saving these important animals becomes impossible
C. it becomes possible to save these important animals
D. these important animals are helped to save
Question 5: A. their actions B. these actions C. actions D. its actions
Question 6:
A. we help make the environment healthier B. helping to make the environment healthier
C. to help make the environment healthier D. making the environment healthier
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the
numbered blanks.
The invention with the biggest impact was probably the television. (7) ______. The first televised
pictures were sent over a short distance in 1924, and (8) ______ was formally demonstrated at the Royal
Institute two years later. The pictures on the screen were not clear, but the viewers could see that they were
human faces, and they could see their eyes opening and (9) ______. In 1928, images were sent from Britain
to America, and later, to (10) ______. In the same year, the first colour images were sent. The first ‘seeing-in
sets’ were sold that same year.
Another invention that became popular in the 1920s was the home refrigerator. People used different ways to
keep food cool and (11) ______long before the 1900s, but home fridges weren’t invented until 1913 in the
USA. Home fridges became very popular in the USA in the 1920s. British people were less interested in
fridges than Americans. They thought that they were unnecessary (12) ______. But fridges were heavily
advertised, and their advantages were described in detail. Soon, more fridges were sold, and the price
decreased.
Question 7. A. What was invented by a Scottish man, John Logie Baird
B. It was invented by a Scottish man, John Logie Baird
C. Which was invented by a Scottish man, John Logie Baird
D. Being invented by a Scottish man, John Logie Baird
Question 8. A. our invention B. its invention C. their invention D. his invention
Question 9. A. closing on the screen B. to close the screen
C. to close on the screen D. closing the screen
Question 10. A. out to sea a ship 1,500 miles B. 1,500 miles out sea a ship
C. sea 1,500 miles out a ship D. a ship 1,500 miles out to sea
Question 11 A. they are made it fresh B. make it fresh
C. making it fresh D. it makes fresh
Question 12. A. to be cooler in Britain B. because the weather in Britain was cooler
C. having been cooler in Britain D. being cooler in Britain
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
Buying a house is the single largest financial investment an individual makes. Yet, in India this act is
fraught with risk and individuals depend on weak laws for justice. Occasionally, deviant promoters are
called to account as was the case in the detention of Unitech's promoters. This incident shows up the fallout
of an absence of proper regulation to cover contracts between buyers and real estate promoters. A real estate
bill, which is presently pending in Rajya Sabha, seeks to fill this gap. It has been debated for over two years
and should be passed by Parliament in the budget session.
India is in the midst of rapid urbanization and urban population is expected to more than double to about
900 million over the next three decades. Unfortunately, even the current population does not have adequate
housing. A government estimate in 2012 put the shortage at nearly 19 million units. If this shortage is to
be alleviated quickly, India's messy real estate sector needs reforms.
The real estate bill seeks to set standards for contracts between buyers and sellers. Transparency, a rare
commodity in real estate, is enforced as promoters have to upload project details on the regulators' website.
Importantly, standard definitions of terms mean that buyers will not feel cheated after taking possession of a
house. In order to protect buyers who pay upfront, a part of the money collected for a real estate project is
ring-fenced in a separate bank account. Also, given the uncertainty, which exists in India on land titles, the
real estate bill provides title insurance. This bill has been scrutinized by two parliamentary committees and
its passage now brooks no delay.
This bill is an important step in cleaning up the real estate market, but the journey should not end with
it. State governments play a significant role in real estate and they are often the source of problems. Some
estimates suggest that real estate developers have to seek approvals of as many as 40 central and state
departments, which lead to delays and an escalation in the cost of houses. Sensibly, NDA government's
project to provide universal urban housing forces states to institute reforms to access central funding.
Without real estate reforms at the level of states, it will not be possible to
meet the ambition of making housing accessible for all urban dwellers.
Question 1. It can be inferred from the passage that_________.
A. buying house is not a single largest individual investment
B. in India, no one depends on laws for justice
C.urbanization in India has increase rapidly.
D. the real estate bill does not provide title insurance
Question 2. According to the passage, which of the following is the pending in Rajya Sabha?
A. Real estate bill B. NDA government's new scheme
C. Universal rural housing programme D. Universal urban housing programme
Question 3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Current population does not have adequate housing in India.
B. India's real estate sector needs reforms.
C.Urban population is expected to more than double to about 850 million over the next three decades.
D. Real state bill has been scrutinized by two parliamentary committees.
Question 4. According to the passage, what is the source of problem in real estate?
A. Buyers and sellers B. Central governments
C. State governments D. Market money makers
Question 5. The word alleviated in the second paragraph is OPPOSITE in meaning to_________.
A. deaden B.aggravated C. diminished D. relieved
Question 6. The word possession in the third paragraph refers to_________.
A. lease B. proprietary B. need D. renting
Question 7. The word escalation in the forth paragraph refers to_________.
A. decrease B. growth C. reduction D. sustainability
Read the following passage about endangered languages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your an
swer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions .
Vietnamese cultural identity is a rich and intricate tapestry that reflects the nation’s long and storied
history. Rooted in over a thousand years of civilization, Vietnam’s cultural identity is a fusion of indigenous
traditions and external influences, shaped by its geographical location and historical interactions.
First and foremost, at the heart of Vietnamese culture is a deep reverence for family and community.
Confucian values emphasizing respect for elders, filial piety, and social harmony have played a pivotal role
in shaping Vietnamese society. These values are reflected in the close-knit family structures, hierarchical
relationships, and communal rituals that are integral to daily life.
Secondly, Vietnamese cuisine is celebrated worldwide for its exquisite flavors and diversity. With its
emphasis on fresh ingredients, fragrant herbs, and balanced flavors, Vietnamese food tells a story of the
country’s agricultural heritage and regional variations. Iconic dishes like pho, banh mi, and spring rolls have
become global favorites, representing the culinary artistry deeply ingrained in Vietnamese culture. Also,
Vietnam’s artistic expressions are equally captivating. Traditional art forms like water puppetry, silk
painting, and folk music continue to thrive alongside contemporary artistic movements. “Ao dai”, a
graceful traditional dress, exemplifies the fusion of elegance and modesty in Vietnamese fashion,
symbolizing cultural pride and identity.
Today, in the face of modernization and globalization, Vietnamese cultural identity remains resilient.
While adapting to the challenges of the 21st century, the Vietnamese people continue to honor their
traditions, celebrate their unique cultural expressions, and pass on their heritage to future generations,
ensuring that their cultural identity remains vibrant and enduring.
Question 1.The word "indigenous" in paragraph 1 is opposite in meaning to:
A. local B. foreign C. native D. traditional
Question 2: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as Confucian values emphasizing respect for?
A. filial piety B. social harmony C. individualism D. elders
Question 3: The word "reverence" in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by:
A. disrespect B. admiration C. indifference D. criticism
Question 4: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?
A. The áo dài, known for its elegance and modesty, represents a blend of Vietnamese fashion that embodies
cultural identity and pride.
B. As a traditional dress, the áo dài reflects the combination of sophistication and simplicity in Vietnamese
fashion, representing the nation's cultural values.
C. The graceful áo dài, a traditional Vietnamese attire, signifies the blend of elegance and restraint,
illustrating the pride and identity of Vietnamese culture.
D. Known as a traditional dress, the áo dài beautifully combines elegance with modesty, serving as a symbol
of Vietnam's cultural identity and pride.
Question 5: The word "Their" in paragraph 4 refers to:
A. Vietnamese cuisine B. Vietnamese people C. Traditional art forms D.Agricultural heritage
Question 6: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Vietnamese cultural identity is static and unchanging.
B. Modernization has completely erased Vietnamese traditions.
C. Vietnamese cuisine has gained international recognition.
D. Water puppetry is no longer practiced in Vietnam.
Question 7: In which paragraph does the writer mention a present concession relationship?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Question 8: In which paragraph does the writer state that Vietnamese cultural identity is influenced by both
internal and external factors?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Read the following passage about the importance of conserving water and mark the letter A, B, C, or
D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
[I] Water is one of the most essential resources on our planet, vital for all forms of life. However,
increasing demand and pollution are putting immense pressure on our freshwater supplies. [II] According to
recent studies, nearly 2 billion people worldwide live in countries experiencing high water stress, leading to
a decline in the availability of this precious resource. This situation not only affects drinking water but also
agriculture, sanitation, and energy production.
The primary causes of water scarcity include population growth, urbanization, and climate change.
As cities expand, the demand for water increases significantly. Moreover, agricultural practices that rely
heavily on water are becoming unsustainable in many regions. Climate change further exacerbates these
issues, causing unpredictable weather patterns and extreme droughts, which reduce water availability.
[III] In response to this growing crisis, everyone must prioritize water conservation. Simple
actions, such as fixing leaks, using water-efficient appliances, and practicing mindful consumption, can
make a significant difference. Additionally, implementing policies that promote sustainable water
management and investing in technologies for water recycling can help mitigate the impacts of water
scarcity. [IV]
Despite these efforts, the challenges remain substantial. It is crucial that we recognize the importance
of conserving water and take immediate steps to protect this vital resource for future generations.
Question 1: Where in this passage does the following sentence best fit?
" These strategies can significantly improve water availability in stressed regions."
A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]
Question 2: The word “vital” in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by:
A. unimportant B. crucial C. optional D. harmful
Question 3: The phrase "high water stress" in paragraph 2 refers to:
A. excessive rainfall B. significant water shortage
C. improved water quality D. reduced water demand
Question 4: The phrase “exacerbates” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to:
A. worsens B. alleviates C. maintains D. complicates
Question 5: According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to water
scarcity?
A. Urbanization B. Population growth C. Extreme flood D. climate change
Question 6: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?
A. Governments should focus solely on technology to solve water issues.
B. Both the government and each individual have a role to play in protecting water resources.
C. Water conservation is primarily a government responsibility, not individual.
D. The role of each individual in protecting water resources is very important.
Question 7: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Water scarcity affects only drinking water supplies.
B. Urbanization decreases the demand for water.
C. Climate change negatively impacts water availability.
D. Sustainable practices are unnecessary for water management.
Question 8: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined part in paragraph 3?
A. Individuals should consider water conservation a secondary concern when addressing this problem.
B. Society needs to focus on water conservation to effectively address the growing water shortage problem.
C. Water conservation is not an urgent issue for people facing this crisis.
D. People can manage the crisis without prioritizing water conservation.
Question 9: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Applying technology can solve all problems of water shortage.
B. Water conservation measures need to be widely applied to create an impact.
C. Climate change is an important factor that affects water resources globally.
D. Governments play an important role in protecting polluted water sources.
Question 10: Which of the following best summarises the passage?
A. Water shortage is a major problem that requires immediate government action.
B. The importance of water conservation to combat the growing water shortage caused by increased demand
and climate change.
C. The impact of water shortage due to climate change on human life and agricultural development.
D. Immediate action is needed to address the growing water shortage crisis.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the following questions .
Urban development and rural emptying are two sides of the same 21st-century coin, and are global in
their extent. In the 19th and 20th centuries, as populations across the world grew fast, urbanisation processes
didn’t necessarily affect rural regions negatively. Some communities benefited from younger people moving
out to seek employment, education, and marriage in nearby cities, as families often had more children than
they could adequately support.
In the 21st century, however, as family size has shrunk dramatically nearly everywhere, the benefits of
a growing population have come to an end in developed countries.
Japan has led the way in East Asia. In 1974, the Japanese total fertility rate fell below the population
replacement rate of 2.1. Demographers would have known then that, should conditions persist, the country
would eventually slip into depopulation. Sure enough, conditions did persist, and in 2008 Japan registered its
first peacetime population decrease.
Although Tokyo’s population is now 13 million, the Kanto region of which it is the core boasts more
than 37 million people - 30% of the whole population of Japan. Elsewhere in the country, hundreds of rural
villages face imminent extinction.
Japan is not unique. Greater Seoul has around 25 million people, nearly half of South Korea’s
population in one urban area with the rest spread out across the rest of the country. And in China, the Pearl
River delta area, which encompasses Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Macau and Guangzhou, counts 100 million
people living within it, while the wider country now boasts 155 cities with more than 1 million population.
Question 1: What would be the suitable title for the passage?
A. East Asia’s Shifting Demographics
B. Biggest Cities in East Asia
C. Urbanization and Its Impact on Population Dynamics in East Asia
D. The Historical Impact of Urbanization
Question 2: What demographic change characterizes the 21st-century urbanization trend?
A. positive impact on rural regions
B. global decline in population growth
C. increased family size
D. developed countries’ urban decline
Question 3: The word “persist” in paragraph 3 is CLOSEST in meaning to _________.
A.refer B. calculate C. continue D. believe
Question 4: What event in 2008 marked a significant demographic change in Japan?
A. Tokyo’s population growth B. Kanto region’s depopulation
C. rural village expansion D. the first peacetime population decrease
Question 5: The word “imminent” in paragraph 4 is CLOSEST in meaning to _________.
A. forthcoming B. important C. reliable D. stable
Question 6: The word “which” in paragraph 5 refers to _________.
A. greater Seoul B. the Pearl River delta area C. China D. country
Question 7: It can be inferred from the passage that _________.
A. Urbanisation processes have got faster.
B. South Korea does not face the problem of fast urbanisation.
C. The Kanto region is the least populated region in Japan.
D. Smaller families in developed countries are leading to population decline.
GOOD LUCK!