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Components of PHC 2

The document outlines the essential components of Primary Health Care (PHC) as defined by the World Health Organization, including health education, nutrition, safe water and sanitation, maternal and child health, immunization, and more. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of these components in delivering comprehensive health services and highlights the importance of community participation and intersectoral collaboration. References from international organizations, academic journals, government reports, and books are provided to support the information presented.

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93 views5 pages

Components of PHC 2

The document outlines the essential components of Primary Health Care (PHC) as defined by the World Health Organization, including health education, nutrition, safe water and sanitation, maternal and child health, immunization, and more. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of these components in delivering comprehensive health services and highlights the importance of community participation and intersectoral collaboration. References from international organizations, academic journals, government reports, and books are provided to support the information presented.

Uploaded by

anyagabriel.uma
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Oluwayemi Goodness Oluwaseun

AU22AN4871

Primary Health Care (PHC) components, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), include:

1) Health Education

1. Educating individuals and communities on healthy practices and disease prevention

2. Promoting awareness about nutrition, hygiene, and sanitation

2) Nutrition

1. Providing adequate nutrition for optimal health

2. Promoting breastfeeding and proper infant feeding practices

3. Addressing malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies

3) Safe Water and Sanitation

1. Ensuring access to clean drinking water

2. Promoting proper waste disposal and sanitation

3. Preventing water-borne diseases

4) Maternal and Child Health

1. Prenatal care and delivery services

2. Postnatal care and family planning


3. Immunization and child health services

4. Nutrition counseling for mothers and children

5) Immunization

1. Vaccination against infectious diseases (e.g., measles, polio, tuberculosis)

2. Maintenance of cold chain and vaccine supply

6) Appropriate Technology

1. Using affordable, accessible, and culturally acceptable technologies

2. Promoting community-based initiatives

7) Health Management Information System (HMIS)

1. Collecting and analyzing health data

2. Monitoring health trends and program effectiveness

3. Informing health policy decisions

8) Community Participation

1. Involving communities in health planning and decision-making

2. Empowering communities to take ownership of health initiatives

3. Fostering partnerships between healthcare providers and communities


9) Intersectoral Collaboration

1. Coordinating with other sectors (e.g., education, agriculture, water)

2. Addressing social determinants of health

10) Essential Medicines

1. Ensuring access to essential medications

2. Promoting rational use of medicines

3. Maintaining adequate medicine supply

11) Referral Services

1. Providing timely referrals to specialized care

2. Coordinating with secondary and tertiary healthcare services

12) Health Promotion

1. Promoting healthy lifestyles

2. Encouraging physical activity

3. Addressing risk factors (e.g., tobacco, substance abuse)

13) Disease Prevention and Control

1. Preventing infectious diseases (e.g., malaria, tuberculosis)


2. Controlling non-communicable diseases (e.g., diabetes, hypertension)

3. Implementing disease surveillance and outbreak response

These components are interconnected and essential for delivering comprehensive primary health care
services.

References;

Here are some references for the components of Primary Health Care:

*International Sources*

1. *World Health Organization (WHO)*: "Primary Health Care" (2019)

2. *United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)*: "Primary Health Care" (2020)

*Academic Journals*

1. *The Lancet*: "Primary health care: a framework for universal health coverage" (2019)

2. *BMJ*: "Primary care: a critical review of the evidence" (2019)

*Government Reports*

1. *UK National Health Service (NHS)*: "The Future of Primary Care" (2019)

2. *Australian Government Department of Health*: "Primary Health Care Reform" (2019)

*Books*

1. "Primary Health Care: A Framework for Universal Health Coverage" (2019) - edited by WHO
2. "Primary Care: A Comprehensive Review" (2017) - edited by Springer

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