THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE 01
WEEK 1
THE UNIVERSITY & THE PROGRAM
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
ARCHITECTURE
Academic Program
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
Institutional Philosophy of the University
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY believes that every person is
created in the image of God, hence, has the capacity for
Excellence attained through Knowledge, Virtue, and the
Democratic Principles of freedom, truth, justice and equality
University Vision and Mission Relational Matrix
University Vision
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
envisions itself to be a premier institution
of learning in Asia committed to Excellence
and Ethical Formation for Global
University Mission Relevance.
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY is
dedicated to develop individuals to
become Highly Competent, Socially The mission statement clearly articulates how
Responsible and Ethically Upright the university will achieve and attain its vision.
Leaders.
Institutional Outcomes
Graduates of Northwestern University should:
Become competent in their chosen field in light of the present demands
of industry either in the local or global setting;
Be able to pass the licensure examination of their profession;
Have the ability to conduct research and discover new knowledge in his
field;
Use the acquire knowledge and skills to contribute to social
development and nation-building;
Exhibit ethical behavior in all their undertakings.
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE
PROGRAM DESCRIPTION
Degree Name
The degree program described herein shall be called Bachelor of
Science in Architecture
(BS-Arch).
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE
Nature of the Field Study
The practice of architecture is the act of planning and architectural designing,
structural conceptualization, designing of built structures and their environment,
specifying, supervising, and giving general administration and responsible direction
to the erection , enlargement or alterations of building and building environments
and architectural designs in engineering structures or any part thereof; the
scientific, aesthetic , and orderly coordination of all the processes which enter into
the production of a complete building or structure, performed through the medium
of unbiased preliminary studies of plans, consultations, specifications, conferences ,
evaluations , investigations , contract documents and oral advice and directions
regardless of whether the persons engaged in such practice are residents of the
Philippines o have their principal office or place of business in this country or
another territory , and regardless whether such persons are performing one or all
of these duties , or whether such duties are performed in person or as a directing
head of an office or organization performing them.
Specific Profession/Careers/Occupations
of Graduates
The graduates of an architecture program
may go into the following fields of practice:
For graduates:
Architectural drafting
CADD operator
Project Coordinator
Project Supervisor / Inspector
Project estimator
Renderer (manual and electronic)
Scale modeler
CADD COURSE
ARCHITECTURE
AIN’T EASY…
BUT IF THERE IS PASSION , FREE
WILL AND INTEREST AND STRONG
DETERMINATION IN YOU TO
BECOME AN ARCHITECT
,EVERYTHING WILL RUN SMOOTHLY
AND POSSIBLE.
ONE OF OUR
SUCCESSFUL
ARCHITECTS
AR.MELJAY MERCADO TOP 8 IN BOARD
EXAM
AR.RODA APRIL FRANCISCO –BEST
THESIS OF THE YEAR
AR. MARICLAIRE SALADINO – BEST
THESIS
AR.DARWIN ORTAL –BIM SPECIALIST
For professionals:
Architectural Design, Pre-design services for architecture
Housing
Physical Planning
Urban Design
Community Architecture
Facility Planning
Construction Technology
Construction Management
Project Management
Building Administration and Maintenance
Real Estate Development
Architectural Education
Research and Development
Restoration / Conservation
Architectural Interiors
Expert Witness Service
Design – build Services
Republic of the Philippines
Congress of the Philippines
Metro Manila
Twelfth Congress
Third Regular Session
Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-eighth day of July, two thousand and three.
___o0o___
[ REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9266 ]
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A MORE RESPONSIVE AND COMPREHENSIVE REGULATION FOR THE REGISTRATION,
LICENSING AND PRACTICE OF ARCHITECTURE, REPEALING FOR THE PURPOSE REPUBLIC ACT NO. 545, AS AMENDED,
OTHERWISE KNOWN AS "AN ACT TO REGULATE THE PRACTICE OF ARCHITECTURE IN THE PHILIPPINES," AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:
ARTICLE 1
GENERAL PROVISIONS
SECTION 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as "The Architecture Act of
2004."
SEC. 2. Statement of Policy – The State recognizes the importance of
architects in nation building and development. Hence, it shall develop and
nurture competent, virtuous, productive and well-rounded professional
architects whose standards of practice and service shall be excellent,
qualitative, world-class and globally competitive through inviolable, honest,
effective and credible licensure examinations and through regulatory measures,
programs and activities that foster their professional growth and development.
SEC. 3. Definition of Terms. – As used in this Act, the following terms shall be
defined as follows:
1."Architecture" is the art, science or profession of planning,
designing and constructing buildings in their totality taking into
account their environment, in accordance with the principles of
utility, strength and beauty;
2."Architect" means a person professionally and
academically qualified, registered and licensed under this Act
with a Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification
Card issued by the Professional Regulatory Board of Architecture
and the Professional Regulation Commission, and who is
responsible for advocating the fair and sustainable development, welfare
and cultural expression of society’s habitat in terms of space, forms and
historical context;
a."Architect-of-record" means the architect registered
and licensed under this Act, who is directly and professionally
responsible for the total design of the project for the client
and who shall assume the civil liability for the plans,
specifications and contract documents he/she has signed and
sealed;
b."Architecture-in-charge of construction" means an
architect registered and licensed under this Act, who is
directly and professionally responsible and liable for the
construction supervision of the project;
c."Consulting Architect" means the architect registered
and licensed or permitted to practice under this Act, who is
professionally and academically qualified and with
exceptional or recognized expertise or specialization in any
branch of architecture;
Allied Fields
The fields of study related to architecture are interior
design, landscape architecture ,urban design, urban
planning ,regional planning , environmental planning ,
housing, engineering , real estate development ,
educational management , business management , project
management , construction management and technology
, building administration and maintenance and
architecture research , as embodied in RA 9266
including its implementing rules and regulations and
Architects’ National Code.
PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the Bachelor of Science in
Architecture are to develop the following outcomes :
Perform standard competencies in accordance with the scope of
the global and local practice of architecture.
Show traits of professionalism, sense of responsibility, equality
and patriotism.
Receptiveness to new ideas and knowledge through scientific
research.
Direct and focus the thrust of architecture education to the
needs and demands of society and its integration into the social,
economic, cultural and environmental aspects of nation building.
Instill understanding of the basic philosophy and fundamental
principles of multi-dimensional aspects of architecture, and the
direct relationship between man and his environment.
WEEK 2
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE 01
BY: AR.ANALIZA A. ARCANGEL,UAP
Learning theories can be divided
into descriptive and prescriptive theories.
Descriptive learning theories make statements about
how learning occurs and devise models that can be
used to explain and predict learning results.
Prescriptive learning theories are concerned with
guidelines that describe what to do in order to
achieve specific outcomes. They are often based on
descriptive theories; sometimes they are derived
from experience. Instructional design is the
umbrella which assembles prescriptive theories.
Theory is an interpretation of Design ideas. It gives a tangible
understanding of an otherwise ambiguous architectural
thought process for Designing new things in Architecture
Architectural theory is the act of thinking, discussing, or
most importantly writing about architecture.
BAUHAUS – non traditional form and types.
BRUTALISM – not beautiful of the eyes, the utility system are exposed.
CIAM – Congress Internationaux’d Architecture Modeme
International – cubic, white surfaced, flat roofed architect
Modernism – Set amid landscape, contrast
CONSTRUCTIVISM – to reconcile form and Architecture
CONTEXTUALISM – blending new structure with old existing one.
DECONSTRUCTIVISM – subtract forms and dismantling the buildings inside
and out.
EXPIRICISM – a theory that all knowledge originates in sense of experience
EXPRESSIONISM – individual impression to particular design.
FORMALISM – a tendency in Architecture which emphasizes solution to the
problem of the forms at the expense of the solutions to functional and
technical problems and in the process of which form becomes meaningless.
FUTURISM – a substitute to wood, stone and brick for modern materials.
Humanism – Renaissance in origin inspired by ancient classical civilizations of
Greece and Rome.
IMPRESSIONISM – main concern was the study of representation of light.
METABOLISM – concerns human and society. A continuous development from atom to
nebula, concentrated to new order of relationship between man and the environment.
MONUMENTALISM – use of monumental feature of Classic Architecture.
NATIONAL ROMANTISM – style that led on particular, local historical motives.
NEO-PLASTICISM – use of right angle in a horizontal position and use of primary colors
contrasted with 3 non-colors black, white and gray.
ORGANICISM – sympathizes with the environment and use of earth colors.
POST-METABOLISM – concerned with the nature of the house in the city.
POST-MODERNISM – a new interest in vernacular terms and adopted the modern needs.
RADICALISM – a shift emphasis from past to the modern times.
RATIONALISM – a current in modern Architecture, which stresses qualities of systematic
development intellectually, conceived.
STRUCTUALISM – use of steel and iron construction.
SUPREMATISM – a derivative of cubism of Russian Origin, which uses circles, rectangles,
and triangles as the basis of an abstract style.
UTILITARIAN – for economic solutions in less value, and cheap forms of construction, pre-
fab construction.
VERNACULARISM – local, indigenous motif introduced and or the basic of planning and
design.
BAUHAUS – non traditional form and types.
https://www.catawiki.com/stories/5263-the-characteristics-of-
bauhaus#:~:text=Influenced%20by%20movements%20such%20as,line%2C%20shape%20and%20colour%20mattered.
BRUTALISM – not beautiful of the eyes, the utility system are exposed.
https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Brutalism#:~:text=Brutalism%20was%20generally%20characterised%20by,grouped%20into%20a%20unified%20whol
e.
https://www.facebook.com/BrutalistPilipinas
CIAM – Congress Internationaux’d Architecture Modeme
International – cubic, white surfaced, flat roofed architect
Modernism – Set amid landscape, contrast
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336175207_CIAM_and_Its_Outcomes
CONSTRUCTIVISM – to reconcile form and Architecture
https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Constructivist_architecture
CONTEXTUALISM – blending new structure with old existing one.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contextual_architecture
DECONSTRUCTIVISM – subtract forms and dismantling the buildings inside and out.
http://www.visual-arts-
cork.com/architecture/deconstructivism.htm#:~:text=Deconstructivist%20architecture%20is%20characterised%20by,conventions%20concerning%20structure%20
and%20envelope.&text=In%20short%2C%20deconstructivism%20challenges%20almost%20all%20traditional%20styles%20of%20building%20design.
EXPIRICISM – a theory that all knowledge originates in sense of experience
EXPRESSIONISM – individual impression to particular design.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/expressionism-architecture-examples.html
FORMALISM – a tendency in Architecture which emphasizes solution to the problem of the forms at the expense of the solutions to functional and technical problems
and in the process of which form becomes meaningless.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Formalism_(architecture)#:~:text=Common%20features%20of%20the%20New,Designed%20to%20achieve%20modern%20
monumentality
FUTURISM – a substitute to wood, stone and brick for modern materials.
https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Futurist_architecture
Humanism – Renaissance in origin inspired by ancient classical civilizations of Greece and Rome.
https://www.metropolismag.com/architecture/architecture-the-body-centered-
art/#:~:text=This%20is%20the%20humanism%20of,setting%20of%20space%20and%20mass.
IMPRESSIONISM – main concern was the study of representation of light.
https://archiobjects.org/architectural-impressionism/
METABOLISM – concerns human and society. A continuous development from atom to nebula, concentrated to new order of relationship between man and the environment.
https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Metabolism_in_architecture
MONUMENTALISM – use of monumental feature of Classic Architecture.
https://www.thoughtco.com/ancient-monumental-architecture-types-167225
NATIONAL ROMANTISM – style that led on particular, local historical motives.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Romantic_style#:~:text=The%20National%20Romantic%20style%20was,a%20form%20of%20Art%20Nouveau.
NEO-PLASTICISM – use of right angle in a horizontal position and use of primary colors contrasted with 3 non-colors black, white and gray.
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/history-of-art/neo-plasticism.htm#:~:text=new%20creative%20formulas.-
,Characteristics%20of%20Neo%2DPlasticism,upon%20fundamental%20principles%2C%20as%20follows%3A&text=Only%20geometric%20shapes%20may%20be%20used%3B
%20ignore%20natural%20form%20and%20colour.&text=Main%20compositional%20elements%20to%20be%20straight%20lines%20or%20rectangular%20areas.&text=Surface
s%20should%20be%20rectangular%20planes%20or%20prisms.
ORGANICISM – sympathizes with the environment and use of earth colors.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_architecture
POST-METABOLISM – concerned with the nature of the house in the city.
https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-metabolism-in-architecture-177292
POST-MODERNISM – a new interest in vernacular terms and adopted the modern needs.
https://www.quickenloans.com/blog/postmodern-home-
style#:~:text=Postmodern%20architecture%2C%20sometimes%20known%20as,fun%20while%20breaking%20the%20rules.
RADICALISM – a shift emphasis from past to the modern times.
https://speculativeedu.eu/the-radical-design-movement/#:~:text=Radical%20Design%20developed%20from%20an,of%20the%20University%20of%20Florence.
RATIONALISM – a current in modern Architecture, which stresses qualities of systematic development intellectually, conceived.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rationalism_(architecture)
STRUCTUALISM – use of steel and iron construction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structuralism_(architecture)#:~:text=A%20characteristic%20of%20structuralism%20in,Structures%20formed%20of%20building%20units
SUPREMATISM – a derivative of cubism of Russian Origin, which uses circles, rectangles, and triangles as the basis of an abstract style.
https://thecharnelhouse.org/2014/03/12/suprematism-in-architecture-kazimir-malevich-and-the-arkhitektons/
UTILITARIAN – for economic solutions in less value, and cheap forms of construction, pre-fab construction.
https://medium.com/@xm335/utilitarianism-in-21st-century-modern-architecture-
a90906e6a18c#:~:text=Utilitarianism%20in%20architecture%20becomes%20functionalism,many%2021st%20century%20architectures%20follow.&text=Utilitarianism%20hon
ours%20the%20functionality%20of,the%20grandeur%20of%20ornamental%20purpose.
VERNACULARISM – local, indigenous motif introduced and or the basic of planning and design.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernacular_architecture
RA9266 SEC. 3. Definition of Terms. – As used
in this Act, the following terms shall be
defined as follows:
1."Architecture" is the art, science or
profession of planning, designing and
constructing buildings in their totality
taking into account their environment, in
accordance with the principles of utility,
strength and beauty;
Week 3
What is a system?
a set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole,
in particular.
a set of principles or procedures according to which
something is done; an organized scheme or method.
Villa Savoye, Poissy, France
