Haematology spotting

Dr Mayank Agarwal
Assistant Professor
Department of Physiology
AIIMS Raebareli
 A

B
C D

a. Label A, B, C, D
 A

B D

a. Label A, B, C, D
 A
D
C

a. Label A, B, C, D B
 A

a. Mention the name of the objective lens labelled as ‘A’

b. If objective lens ‘A’ and eye piece of power 15X is used, then what will be the
magnification?
 A

a. Mention the name of the objective lens labelled as ‘A’

b. If objective lens ‘A’ and eye piece of power 10X is used, then what will be the
magnification?
 Cedar
Wood
Oil

a. WHY cedar wood oil is used in oil immersion objective lens?

b. Mention the name of ONE substance that can be used INSTEAD of cedar
wood oil
a. For making peripheral blood smear, what is shown inappropriate in the image
and briefly explain why?

b. Mention TWO other sites apart from fingers from where capillary blood can
be drawn.
a. For making peripheral blood smear, what is shown inappropriate in the
image?

b. Mention TWO other sites apart from fingers from where capillary blood can
be drawn.
a. Choose a smear that is nearest to an
“ideal smear”. Just write the correct
option.

b. Write FOUR properties of ideal smear

a. Mention ONE use of thick blood smear

b. Mention ONE use of buffy coat smear

D A B C

a. Among A,B and C,

which area will be
ideal for smear
examination?

b. Mention the NAME

of area D, A and C
a. If viscosity is normal, then what should be preferable angle between slide and
spreader?

b. If viscosity is normal, then what happens to the thickness of smear if angle is

increased or decreased.
 a. Mention the correct name of
Romanowsky-type stain used in your lab

b. List all the components of stain your

Dmitri Leonidovich
mentioned above
Romanowsky (1861-1921)
 Small
lymphocyte

a. Mention the morphological-type of anaemia as visible in above photograph

b. Mention TWO causes that are responsible for this type of anaemia
 Small
lymphocyte

a. Mention the type of anaemia as visible in above photograph

b. Mention TWO causes that are responsible for this type of anaemia
a. Mention the name of leukocyte shown above
b. Mention TWO prominent reasons for the identification of above leukocyte
a. Mention the name of leukocyte shown above
b. Mention TWO causes for increase in its count
a. Mention the name of leukocyte shown above
b. Mention ONE physiological and ONE pathological cause for its increase
a. Mention the name of leukocyte shown above
b. Mention the most abundant content of its granule
a. Mention the name of leukocyte shown above
b. Mention TWO causes for increase in its count
a. Mention the name of leukocyte shown above
b. Mention TWO contents of its granule
a. What phenomenon of RBCs is being shown by the arrows?
b. Mention the plasma protein responsible for it.
a. Mention the name of leukocytes shown above
b. Mention TWO causes of its decreased count
a. Which formed element is not visible in above shown blood smear field?
b. Mention the normal count (in healthy adult) of all visible formed elements
Read the steps involved in preparation of blood smear and correct the statement/s
if required. Just mention the correction required, no need to write full statement.

a. Pour adequate quantity of stain over the prepared blood smear and allow it to
remain undisturbed on the slide for 1-2 minutes that will result in staining

b. Pour equal amount of buffer solution over the slide

c. Allow the stain and buffer to remain on slide for approx. 8-15 minutes so that
fixation of cells can occur
Read the steps involved in preparation of blood smear and correct the statement/s
if required. Just mention the correction required, no need to write full statement.

a. Pour adequate quantity of stain over the prepared blood smear and allow it to
remain undisturbed on the slide for 1-2 minutes

b. Let the stain dry

c. Pour equal amount of tap water over the slide

d. Allow the solution to remain on slide for approx. 8-15 minutes

a. Mention the name of the method that is used in your lab to estimate bleeding
time
b. What would happen to bleeding time in Haemophilia?
a. Mention the name of the method that is used in your lab to estimate bleeding
time
b. Mention any TWO factors on which bleeding time depends
Read the steps involved in Duke’s bleeding time test and correct the statement/s if
required. Just mention the correction required, no need to write full statement.

a. Disinfect the ring finger with 40% isopropyl alcohol

b. Touch the puncture site with clean filter paper and then start the stopwatch

c. Include the dry spot on the filter paper for bleeding time measurement
a. Mention the name of the method that is used in your lab to estimate clotting
time
b. What would happen to clotting time in thrombocytopenia?
a. What would happen to clotting time if siliconized capillary tube will be used?

b. Explain why?
a. Determine the blood group.
b. State first law of Landsteiner.
 Blood sample Anti D Anti A Anti B

a. Determine the blood group.

b. What is prozone phenomenon in antigen-antibody reaction?
a. Mention the normal range of NaCl% for mean corpuscular fragility
b. Mention ONE condition that could cause above shown osmotic fragility test
result
a. Mention the normal range of NaCl% for mean corpuscular fragility
b. Mention ONE condition that could cause above shown osmotic fragility test
result
Read the steps involved in osmotic fragility test and correct the statement/s if
required. Just mention the correction required, no need to write full statement.

a. Series of test tubes containing 5 mL solution of Na2SO4 with varying

concentration ranging from 0.9% - 0.0% is prepared

b. Add 1 drop of oxalated or citrated blood in each test tube and mix gently by
inverting the tubes several times and leave for 30-60 minutes

c. Normal biconcave RBCs show initial hemolysis at 0.45% - 0.5% NaCl

Read the steps involved in osmotic fragility test and correct the statement/s if
required. Just mention the correction required, no need to write full statement.

a. Series of test tubes containing 5 mL solution of NaCl with varying concentration

ranging from 0.9% - 0.0% is prepared

b. Add 1 drop of heparinized blood in each test tube. Close the open end of test
tube and shake vigorously for a minute.

c. After 30-60 minutes, normal biconcave RBCs show initial hemolysis at 0.6% -
0.7% NaCl
a. Mention the name of tube shown above that is used for ESR estimation
b. Mention the name of anticoagulant that is used with this tube for ESR
estimation
a. Mention the name of ANOTHER tube (not the one shown above) that is used
for ESR estimation
b. Why ESR is estimated at the end of one hour only?
A

a. Identify and mention the name of the tube A and

B (used in ESR estimation)
b. Tube B can also be used for?
 a. In Wintrobe’s tube scale A is used for? Scale B is
used for?
b. Mention ONE anticoagulant that is used with this
tube for determination of ‘B’

A B
Regarding erythrocyte sedimentation rate test, read and correct the statement/s if
required.

a. Polycythemia increases the ESR, and anemia decreases it

b. Microcytes sediment faster than macrocytes

c. Fibrinogen accelerates ESR, albumin retards ESR

d. Red cells with an abnormal or irregular shape, such as sickle cells or

spherocytes, do not exhibit rouleaux formation and have low ESR
Regarding erythrocyte sedimentation rate test, read and correct the statement/s if
required.

a. Anemia increases the ESR, and polycythemia decreases it

b. Microcytes sediment slower than macrocytes

c. Fibrinogen retards ESR, albumin accelerates ESR

d. Red cells with an abnormal or irregular shape, such as sickle cells or

spherocytes, exhibit higher rouleaux formation and have high ESR
• Haemoglobin level of a normochromic normocytic person is 18 g/dL, applying the
rule of 3 what should be the estimated range of haematocrit?

• Mention ONE physiological cause of higher haematocrit.

• Haemoglobin level of a normochromic normocytic person is 11 g/dL, applying the
rule of 3 what should be the estimated range of haematocrit?

• Mention ONE physiological cause of lower haematocrit.

a. Mention the name of the pipette used in hematology lab.
b. What is the use of this pipette?
a. Mention the name of the shown part of
apparatus used in hematology lab.
b. Which compound is responsible for the
formation of brown colour in the tube
provided with the apparatus?
a. Mention the name of the shown part of apparatus used in hematology lab.
b. Mention the name of TWO other methods that can be used to estimate
the same parameter as estimated by the tube shown above
A. Calculate MCH from the following data and report result with proper units.

• PCV: 40%

• Haemoglobin 15 g/dL

• RBC count: 5 million/mm3

B. Mention the normal range of MCH

A. Calculate MCV from the following data and report result with proper units.

• PCV: 40%

• Haemoglobin 15 g/dL

• RBC count: 4 million/mm3

B. Mention the normal range of MCV

A. Calculate MCHC from the following data and report result with proper units.

• PCV: 50%

• Haemoglobin 15 g/dL

• RBC count: 5 million/mm3

B. Mention the normal range of MCHC

 A

a. Mention the name of the apparatus used in hematology lab.

b. Mention the number of RBCs in the small square ‘A’
a. Mention the name of the apparatus used in hematology lab.
b. Mention its THREE identification features
a. Mention the name of the apparatus used in hematology lab.
b. Mention its THREE uses
a. Mention the name of the apparatus used in hematology lab.
b. Mention its THREE functions of the bead provided in the apparatus
 RBC

a. Mention the name of RBC diluting fluid used in your lab

b. Mention its FOUR components
 RBC

a. Mention the name of RBC diluting fluid used in your lab

b. Mention the name of TWO other RBC diluting fluids
 WBC

a. Mention the name of WBC diluting fluid used in your lab

b. Mention its THREE components
a. Mention the name of cell at arrow point head (stained with supravital stain)
b. Mention the TWO name of dyes used for supravital staining
a. Mention the name of cell at arrow point head (stained with supravital stain)
b. Mention the TWO erythrocyte inclusion that shows similar staining pattern
a. Mention the name of cell at arrow point head (stained with supravital stain)
b. What is stained by the supravital stain in above cell?
a. Mention the normal range of reticulocytes in a healthy adult
b. Mention TWO corrections done in % reticulocyte count for calculating
reticulocyte production index (RPI)
 Platelet

a. Mention the name of platelet diluting fluid

b. Mention its FOUR components
A. Calculate the platelet count in mm3, if

• Blood is filled up to 1 mark in RBC pipette

• No. of platelets counted in all 25 medium squares of large RBC square is 1000

B. Mention normal platelet count in healthy adult