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Communication is the process of sharing information among people or groups. It can
be verbal or non-verbal and can take place in person or through technology.
Components of Communication:
1. Sender - The person who initiates communication.
2. Message - The information being conveyed.
3. Receiver - The person who receives the message.
4. Channel - The medium used to transmit the message.
5. Feedback - The response from the receiver.
6. Context - The circumstances surrounding the communication.
Why is communication important?
Communication allows people to express their needs, wants, feelings, and preferences. It
allows people to define their reality by sharing their experiences with others.
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Examples of Communication:
• Speaking, writing, body language, gestures, facial expressions, signs, pictures,
symbols, charts, and maps.
Barriers to Communication:
These are obstacles that make it difficult to exchange information. Some examples of
barriers are:
• Physical barriers
• Language barriers
• Cultural barriers
• Emotional barriers
• Psychological barriers
• Physiological barriers
• Organizational barriers
• Perceptual barriers
• Distractions
• Mismatched communication styles
• Poor manners
• Too much or too little information
Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication:
• Verbal communication means the use of words to convey a message.
• Non-verbal communication is the use of actions or expressions to convey a
message.
• Both are important for effective communication.
Features of Verbal Communication:
1. Speaking
2. Writing
3. Tone of voice (including groans, sighs)
Types of Verbal Communication:
1. Interpersonal
2. Intrapersonal
3. Small group
4. Public communication
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Forms of Verbal Communication:
1. Oral communication
2. Verbal - Calls / Telephonic communication
3. Meeting and discussion
4. Presentations and public speaking
Written Communication:
1. Emails
2. Reports and memos
3. Letters
4. Text messaging and social media
Advantages of oral communication:
1. Immediate feedback
2. Emotional connection
3. Adaptability based on audience reaction
Disadvantages of oral communication:
1. Lack of record
2. Potential misinterpretation
3. Dependence on speaker's clarity and delivery
Advantages of written communication:
1. Provides a permanent record
2. Allows for thoughtful composition
3. Can be easily distributed to multiple people
Disadvantages of written communication:
1. Immediate feedback is impossible
2. Chance of misinterpretation without tone
3. Sometimes time-consuming
Extracted Text:
Kinesics:
This comes under non-verbal communication and refers to communication through the
body language of the people communicating.
1. Gestures
2. Facial expressions
3. Eye contact
Paralinguistics:
This refers to spoken communication through changes in the rate of speech, accent,
volume, voice modulation, pitch, and fluency.
Proxemics:
This aspect of communication studies how some people standing very close to one
another while talking may be okay with the proximity, while others may take offense.
It also studies the impact of objects around a room where people are communicating.
Purpose of Effective Communication:
1. Developing active listening and analytical skills.
2. Increasing public speaking and presentation abilities.
3. English proficiency and comprehension.
4. Applying soft skills for personal and professional growth.
5. Mastering professional communication.
Interpersonal Communication:
Interpersonal communication is the one between people, while intrapersonal
communication is with oneself.
Features of Interpersonal Communication:
• Involves communication between two or more people.
• Can be verbal or non-verbal.
• Can occur in person or through technology.
• Communication between friends, family, teachers, and students, etc.
Features of Intrapersonal
• Involves communication with oneself.
• Involves thoughts, feelings, and ideas.
• Also known as inner speech or auto-communication.
• Example: Thinking about the past, planning for the future, or processing emotions.
Intrapersonal Skills:
• This includes the ability to manage and understand one's thoughts, emotions, and
behavior. Therefore, it involves self-awareness, self-confidence, and self-discipline.
• It helps people understand their strengths and weaknesses and make better
choices.
Soft Skills:
• Soft skills refer to a set of personal attributes, behaviors, and interpersonal abilities
that help individuals interact effectively and harmoniously.
• These are not job-specific but essential across all profesional Soft skills are
essential across all professions. Soft skills include communication, teamwork,
adaptability, emotional intelligence, problem-solving, leadership, and time
management.
• Purpose of Soft Skills:
• Facilitate effective communication.
• Increase teamwork and collaboration.
• Adapt to change.
• Improve problem-solving and decision-making.
• Strengthen professional relationships.
• Boost career growth.
• Business Etiquette:
• These are social and professional guidelines conduct that help facalilitate buisness
transiction This includes how to dress, communicate, and behave in a workplace
setting.
• Examples:
• Punctuality
• Dress code
• Communication
• Table manners
• Meetings (e.g., putting phones on silent and not using them during meetings)
• Social situations, like being respectful and considerate
• Writing acknowledgment notes and letters of appreciation
