AGRONOMY
“agros” - field
“nomos” - management
• Agriculture science dealing with principles and practice of crop production
and field management
• Principles and practices of soil, water and crop management
• Methods providing favorable environment to crop for higher
yield/productivity
SCOPE OF AGRONOMY
Knowing the accurate season for cultivation(wet, dry)
Methods of cultivating(upland, wetland)
Application and availability of fertilizers(basal, foliar)
Control of weeds(IPM)
Water management practices(irrigation)
Maintain ecological balance
Intensive cropping
Care and disposal of farm and animal products(includes waste)
Practices explore full potential(breeding, propagation)
Keeping of farm implements(dipping bath, etc.)
IMPORTANCE OF FIELD CROPS
Food for man
Feed for animals
Industrial uses
Medicinal uses
Agronomic classification(based on economic use)
1. Cereal Crops – a grass for its edible seed(or grain crops)
2. Forage Crops – crops which are grazed by the animals or harvested for
green chop, hay and silage(maize, sorghum, grasses)
3. 3. Fiber Crops – crops which are grown for its fiber. These are used in
making textile, ropes and rugs.(ex. Cotton, jute, pineapple, etc.)
4. 4. Sugar Crops – grown for their sugar contents.(sugarcane, sugar beet,
sweet sorghum)
5. 5. Oilseed Crops – crops which are grown for the purpose of extracting oil
from its seeds.(peanut, sunflower, soybean, sesame, casterbean, etc.)
6. 6. Spices and Condiments – coriander, mint, chilles, ginger, garlic, onion,
etc.
7. 7. Narcotic or drug crops – are crops that having some narcotic or drug
value.(tobacco, tea, coffee, pepper, mint)
8. 8. Beverage Crops – tea, cocoa, coffee, etc.
Agronomic classification(basic of mode of propagation)
1. Sexual Propagation
plants are propagated by seeds
examples are: wheat, barley, rice, maize, sorghum, etc.
2. Asexual propagation
Plants are propagated asexually by using specialized plant parts or utilizing such
cutting, layering and grafting.
examples are: sugarcane, ginger, potato etc.
Agronomic classification(basic of life-cycle)
1. Annual crops
crops which produce seed and complete their life cycle within one year.
examples are: wheat, maize, barley
2. Biennial crops – on the first year, these crops which grow vegetatively and
reserve food in their roots or other plant parts. Then during the second year, the
reserved food is utilized to produce flower and fruits.(sugar beet, radish, carrot and
turnip)
3. Perennial crops – crops which grow for more than two years. They may
produce seed each year but their life span is more than two years. These have
regenerative power to sprout from their stubble after harvesting.
example: sugarcane
Agronomic Classification(Special Purpose)
1. Green manure crops
crops grown in order to improve soil fertility. Mostly these are legume
crops(peanut)
2. Silage crops
crops are cut and preserved as silage in a fresh condition by partial fermentation.
3. Hay crops
crops that has been mown and dried for use as fodder: (oat, wheat, sorghum and
grasses)
4. Sollage or green chop crops
crops that are harvested when still green and fresh then fed directly to animals
without curing.
5. Cover crops
crops planted to cover the ground, nutrient losses and reduce soil erosion(carabao
grass)
REPORTERS:
LIWANAN MARY JANE
GAMBA JENNIFER Q.
