Faculty of Engineering and Computing
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
2nd Level-4th Semester
Course Title: Machine Theory
Course Code : BMT002
Introduction to Machine Theory
Dr. Bassam G. N. Muthanna
2024/2025
OUTLINE
✓ Unit 1: Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
✓ Unit 2: Position and Displacement Analysis
✓ Unit 3: Mechanism Design
✓ Unit 4: Velocity Analysis
✓ Unit 5: Acceleration Analysis
✓ Unit 6: Cams Design and Kinematic Analysis
✓ Unit 7: Gears kinematic analysis
✓ Unit 8: Belts drives
✓ Unit 9: Screw mechanism
✓ Unit 10: Static force analysis of mechanism
✓ Unit 11: Dynamic force analysis of mechanism
Learning Outcomes
✓ Understand the fundamental principles of machine theory and mechanical design.
✓ Be able to analyze the motion and forces within mechanical systems.
✓ Use computational tools for simulating and solving machine-related problems.
✓ Apply machine theory to design and optimize mechanical systems..
Learning Assessment
Proportion of Final
No. Assessment Tasks Week
Assessment
Home works, Exercise and
1 End of each chapter 10%
Quizzes
Midterm Exam
2 6 10 %
3 Written practice test 12 10 %
Projects reports
4 12 10 %
discussions
5 Manufacturing Project 1-12 10 %
6 Final Exam End of the semester 50 %
Total 100 %
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
1. Definition
Theory of Machines is a branch of engineering science focused on
the study of relative motion between machine components and the
forces acting on these components. This knowledge is critical for
designing efficient, reliable, and safe machines.
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
2. Scope:
✓ Analysis of motion (kinematics) and the forces causing
motion (dynamics) in mechanical systems.
✓ Design of mechanisms to achieve specific motion or tasks.
✓ Ensuring machine components can handle operational forces
and stresses.
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
3. Importance for Engineers:
✓ Facilitates the design of functional and optimized machine
components like gears, cams, linkages, and couplings.
✓ Assists in predicting machine behavior under different
operational conditions.
✓ Forms the foundation for advanced topics like robotics,
mechatronics, and automation.
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
4. Key Areas of Study:
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
4. Key Areas of Study:
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
4. Key Areas of Study:
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
4. Key Areas of Study:
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
4. Key Areas of Study:
Motion Forces
Sub-Division Primary Focus Example Problem
Considered? Considered?
Geometry of Velocity of a slider in a
Kinematics Yes No
motion crank-slider
Motion caused by Forces on a pendulum in
Dynamics Yes Yes
forces motion
Forces causing
Kinetics Yes Yes (cause) Torque to spin a wheel
motion
No Forces in Reactions on a stationary
Statics Yes
(rest/equilibrium) equilibrium beam
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
5. Applications:
Automotive engineering: Analysis of engines, gearboxes, and
suspension systems.
Robotics: Designing manipulators and mobile platforms.
Aerospace: Mechanisms for control surfaces and landing gears.
Industrial machinery: Automation and precision mechanisms in
manufacturing.
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
6. Essential Concepts:
Degrees of Freedom: Determines the number of independent
movements in a mechanism.
Kinematic Pairs: Classification of joints based on the type of
relative motion allowed (e.g., revolute, prismatic).
Force Analysis: Balancing forces to ensure machine stability and
functionality.
Dynamic Balancing: Eliminating vibrations caused by
unbalanced mass distribution.
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
7. Modern Tools and Techniques:
Computer-Aided Design (CAD): Software for designing and
simulating machine components.
Finite Element Analysis (FEA): Used to predict stresses and
deformations in machine parts.
Simulation Software: Tools like MATLAB and Simulink for
modeling machine behavior.
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
8. Interdisciplinary Connections:
✓ Combines principles from mechanical engineering,
physics, and mathematics.
✓ Plays a critical role in multidisciplinary areas such as
mechatronics and biomechanics.
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
Graphical Method
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
Introduction to Mechanisms and Kinematics
Example 1.
A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly to a speed of 72
km. p.h. over a distance of 500 m. Calculate the acceleration
and the time taken to attain the speed.
If a further acceleration raises the speed to 90 km. p.h. in 10
seconds, find this acceleration and the further distance
moved.
The brakes are now applied to bring the car to rest under
uniform retardation in 5 seconds. Find the distance travelled
during braking.
