RAJAT P.G.
COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY
A Report on
EDUCATIONAL EXCURSION OF
Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azad Bird
Sanctuary, Nawabganj, Unnao
M.Sc. 4th Semester, Session: 2017-2019
Submitted By:
Prakriti Trivedi
Roll no.: 180632720009
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EDUCATIONAL EXCURSION
OF
Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azad Bird
Sanctuary, Nawabganj, Unnao
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Tour Report
As a part of our curriculum of M.Sc 4th semester Dept. of Botany, we
have to visit a site to have real experience and knowledge about the
different flora. Our site of visit was Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azad
Bird Sanctuary, Nawabganj, Lucknow.
About the visit:
We visited the site on April 5,2019. It was a one day trip so all the
students of botany department gathered in the college campus around
8:30 in the morning. We started our journey at 9:15 a.m. alongwith our
professors Dr. Shyam Kishore, Dr. Ashok Singh and Dr. Deepak Agrahari.
We reached the location around 11:00a.m. We observed a variety of
water plants and other plants there . with the help of guidance of our
teachers, we came to know about so many plants and their habits.
About the Location:
Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azad Bird Sanctuary, Nawabganj, Lucknow is
a bird sanctuary located in Unnao district on the Kanpur-Lucknow
highway in Uttar Pradesh,India. Apart from its fauna, it is also known for
its rich flora. It consist of alake which is ahome to so many aquatic
plants. The wetlands provide a variety of plants which are useful for the
birds as their food and also it helps in increasing the biodiversity in
nature and preserving it. It also has the different kinds of xerophytic
plants. There were different pictures of birds and other demonstrations
on boards.
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Some of the plants found there are listed:
Xerophytic plants:
Barrintgtonia acotangula
Common name: Paniyara
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This plant is a big tree that grows to about 8–15 m high. Its leaves are
thick, smooth and oval in shape, about 8–12 cm long and 4–5 cm wide,
with reddish petioles about 0.5–1.0 cm long. The young leaves of this
plant are consumed as food. It also has medicinal properties like
antitumor, antibiotic and antifungal activity.
Ficus glomerata
Common name: Gular
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It is a species of plant in the Moraceae family. Popularly known as the
Cluster Fig Tree or Goolar (Gular). Fig is native to Australasia, South-East
Asia and the Indian Subcontinent. The fruits are a favourite staple of the
common Indian macaque. It serves as a food plant for the caterpillars
and crow butterfly.
Anthocephalus cadamba
Common ame: Kadamb
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It is an evergreen, tropical tree native to South and Southeast Asia. It
has scented orange flowers in dense globe-shaped clusters. The flowers
are used in perfumes. The tree is grown as an ornamental plant and for
timber and paper-making. It is a large tree with a broad crown and
straight cylindrical bole. It is quick growing, with broad spreading
branches and grows rapidly in the first 6–8 years.
Callistemon rigidus:
Common name: Bottle brush
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These are shrubs like plants in the family Myrtaceae.They are referred
as bottlebrushes because of their cylindrical, brush like flowers
resembling a traditional bottle brush. It can be propagated either by
cuttings or from the seeds. Flowering is normally in spring and early
summer.
Kigeilia pinnata:
Common name: Balam Kheera
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The tree is evergreen where rainfall occurs throughout the year. The
leaves are opposite or in whorls of three. The flowers (and later the
fruit) hang down from branches on long flexible stems (2–6 metres
long). Flowers are produced in panicles; they are bell-shaped. The fresh
fruit is poisonous and strongly purgative; fruit are prepared for
consumption by drying, roasting or fermentation.The tree is widely
grown as an ornamental tree in tropical regions for its decorative
flowers and unusual fruit.
Salix terasperma:
Common name: Salix
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Salix tetrasperma, commonly called Indian willow, is a medium-sized
tree of wet and swampy places. It flowers after leafing. The bark is
rough, with deep, vertical fissures and the young shoots leaves ‘silky.
The leaves are lance-like, or ovate-lancelike, 8–15 cm long, with
minutely and regularly toothed margins. The male sweet scented
catkins are 5–10 cm long, and are borne on leafy branchlets. The female
catkins are 8–12 cm long.
Cannabis sativa:
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Comon name: Bhaang
Cannabis sativa is an annual herbaceous flowering plant. Each part of
the plant is harvested differently, depending on the purpose of its use.
Cannabis sativa seeds are chiefly used to make hempseed oil which can
be used for cooking, lamps, lacquers, or paints. The flowers, leaves,
stems, and seeds contain psychoactive chemical compounds known as
cannabinoids that are consumed for recreational, medicinal, and
spiritual purposes. In traditional medicine of India, C. sativa has been
used as hallucinogenic, hypnotic, sedative, analgesic, and
anti-inflammatory agent.
Mimosa pudica:
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Common name: Touch me not plant
Mimosa pudica also called sensitive plant, sleepy plant, action plant,
Dormilones, touch-me-not, shameplant, zombie plant, or shy plant is a
creeping annual or perennial flowering plant of the pea/legume family
Fabaceae. The compound leaves fold inward and droop when touched
or shaken, defending themselves from harm, and re-open a few
minutes later. Mimosa pudica is well known for its rapid plant
movement. It undergoes changes in leaf orientation termed "sleep" or
nyctinastic movement. The leaflets also close when stimulated
bymechanical or electrical stimulation. These types of movements have
been termed seismonastic movements. It is considered to be useful in
phytoremediation and in nitrogen fixation.
Wetland plants:
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Nymphae spp.
Common name: water lily
Water lilies are rooted in soil in bodies of water, with leaves and flowers
floating on or emergent from the surface. The leaves are round, with a
radial notch belongs to family Nymphaceae. It is widely grown as an
ornamental flower. The white water lily is the national flower of
Bangladesh and state flower for Andhra Pradesh, India. The seal of
Bangladesh contains a lily floating on water. The blue waterlily is the
national flower of Sri Lanka. Water lilies provide food for fish and
wildlife but sometimes cause drainage problems because of their rapid
growth. Many varieties have been developed for ornamental use in
garden pools and conservatories.
Nelumbo nucifera
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Common name: lotus
Nelumbo nucifera, also known as Indian lotus, sacred lotus. The roots
of lotus are planted in the soil of the pond or river bottom, while the
leaves float on top of the water surface or are held well above it. The
flowers are usually found on thick stems rising several centimeters
above the leaves. The rhizomes of lotus are consumed as a vegetable in
Asian countries, extensively in China and Japan: sold whole or in cut
pieces, fresh, frozen, or canned. They are fried or cooked mostly in
soups, soaked in syrup or pickled in vinegar.
Azolla
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Azolla (mosquito fern, duckweed fern, fairy moss, water fern) is a
genus of seven species of aquatic ferns. Azolla is a highly productive
plant. It doubles its biomass in 3–10 days, depending on conditions. The
plants are small (usually only a few cm across) and float, but can be very
abundant and form large mats. Azolla floats on the surface of water by
means of numerous, small, closely overlapping scale-like leaves, with
their roots hanging in the water. They form a symbiotic relationship
with the cyanobacterium Anabaena azolla, which fixes atmospheric
nitrogen, giving the plant access to the essential nutrient. The
nitrogen-fixing capability of Azolla has led to Azolla being widely used as
a biofertiliser.
Hydrilla verticellata
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Common name: Hydrilla
These are submerged aquatic plant that is the sole member of the
genus Hydrilla. the plant has become a troublesome aquatic weed, as
its vast carpets of tangled vegetation can clog the intake valves of
power plants and water installations and have significantly impacted
biodiversity.Hydrilla is a hardy, fast-growing, herbaceous perennial with
long, slender stems that can grow to some 7 metres (23 feet) in length.
The leaves grow in pairs or in whorls of three to eight and are small,
lance-shaped or oblong, and distinctly toothed. Individuals can be
either monoecious (bearing both male and female flowers) or dioecious
(bearing only male or female flowers).
Typha
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Typha are aquatic or semi-aquatic, rhizomatous, herbaceous perennial
plants. The leaves are glabrous (hairless), linear, alternate and mostly
basal on a simple, jointless stem that bears the flowering spikes. Typha
are often among the first wetland plants to colonize areas of newly
exposed wet mud, with their abundant wind-dispersed seeds. Buried
seeds can survive in the soil for long periods of time. It can be used in
Chair seating, agriculture, building material, paper. Many parts of the
Typha plant are edible to humans.
Cyperus rotundus
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Common name: Nut grass
Cyperus rotundus (coco-grass, Java grass, nut grass, purple nut sedge or
purple nutsedge, red nut sedge, kravanh chruk) is a species of sedge.
Nut-grass or Motha can be seen growing as weed in garden, lawn, fields
and waste lands. It looks like grass and have tuberous roots
underground. It is a perennial plant. Its blackish tuberous roots have
distinct smell due to the presence of essential oil. These rhizomes roots
are rich in medicinal properties and used in Ayurveda for treatment of
diseases since time immemorial. They are used fresh and dried. For the
medicinal purpose the dried powder or decoction of roots are
prescribed. Several chemical substances have been identified in C.
rotundus: cadalene, cyprotene, flavonoids, sesquiterpens, terpenoids,
mustakone, isocyperol, acyperone,etc. They are edible and have
nutritional value. The well dried coco grass is used in mats for sleeping.
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