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Containerization Notes

Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration system designed to manage clusters of compute resources. Its architecture consists of a control plane that oversees scheduling and application management, nodes where pods run containerized applications, and various components such as kube-apiserver, etcd, and kube-scheduler that facilitate cluster operations. Key elements include pods as the smallest computing units, services for networking, and ingress controllers for managing external access.

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13 views3 pages

Containerization Notes

Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration system designed to manage clusters of compute resources. Its architecture consists of a control plane that oversees scheduling and application management, nodes where pods run containerized applications, and various components such as kube-apiserver, etcd, and kube-scheduler that facilitate cluster operations. Key elements include pods as the smallest computing units, services for networking, and ingress controllers for managing external access.

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ramshey1234
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Kubernetes 101:-

Open source container orchestration system.

Architecture:

1. Cluster - HA cluster of compute resources (deployment of kubernetes).

2. Cluster Control plane - manages the cluster in scheduling, applications management, scaling,
deploying etc.

What runs on the control plane?

kube-apiserver:
- It is the front end for the control plane.
- Can be horizontally scaled for HA and performance.

etcd:
- HA key-value store used within the cluster.
- Used as the main backing store for the cluster.

kube-scheduler:
- Identifies pods within the cluster with no assigned nodes, and assigns nodes to them
based on various constraints.

cloud-controller-manager:
- Provides cloud-specific control logic
- Allows kubernetes to link with cloud provider APIs.

kube-controller-manager is a collection of cluster controller processes:


- Node controller - monitor and respond to node outages
- Job controller - responsible for running pods to execute jobs
- Endpoint controller - populates endpoints (links services to pods)
- Service Account & Token controller - responsible for Account/API token creation

3. Nodes - VM or physical servers (Pods are placed on nodes to run containerized applications).

On each of the nodes, several software are run:


● containerd or Docker container runtime to handle container operations.

● kubelet is an agent to interact with the control plane (using the kubernetes API).

● kube-proxy
○ Network proxy running on each node.
○ Coordinates networking with the control plane.
○ Helps implement services and configures rules which allow communication with
pods within or outside the cluster.

4. Pods:
● smallest unit of computing.
● They are non-permanent (therefore not HA).
● A 1 container 1 pod architecture is common.

5. Service

6. Job

7. Ingress

8. Ingress controller

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