t\/ -

table

Medication routes and forms

Speaking 1 Loot< at these notes and match the 'five rights' (1-5) to illustrations A-E.

1 right patient 3 right medication 5 right route

2 right time 4 right dose

2 Work in small groups. Answer these questions.

1 Why is it important to remember the .five rights' of medication?
2 Look at illustration C in 1. What other routes do you know? Make a list'
muscLe

Vocabulary 3 Match words 1-10 to illustrations A-J.

I capsules tl ointment
2 drops 7 spray
3 inhaler 8 suppository
4 injection 9 syrup
5 IV drip 10 tablets

44
9V
'suollesle^uoJ aql
asrl)erd pue LL-\L sa8ed uo zt >l)erl JoJ ]dlrJs orpne aql ]e {oo-I 'sJred ur >lJoiA 6u;1eedg
6
ell l,usl '- sI qseJ upls sIH I
]e 'Euluele eql ul aq 111,nr uorltalur ]xeu slH V
no,{ uaq.tr auo ]sel eql puv'uld I punore 1e up8e uaql
le auo puoJos eqJ 'Jate,lr;o ssel8 e qlr.{.ilrou e{el no1 t
'paq ol saoE aq eJoJeq 1sn[ ureEe
ueql pue 's^{eq}eru s.r141 'rvrou .rpo slq o}ul sdorp s,leq1, Z
qll^\ ueql ue) no laou slelqel a{et eseeld I
^Aolle,ry\s
OSZZ Ouu gZ iolem oml aolqt - lq6lr otutlqcunl peq- ol oO ro[oq lole
'sJa,,l\su? ;no,,( leaqe pue ure8e uelsll uoql 'xoq oqt ul
spro;* eql qlll\ Z€ {Je4 ur suorJesreluoJ aq} uotJ suorleueldxa esaql eleydruo3
V
( g / f ) 'uollerlperu .{elsrurupe uec sesrnu tuepnts
(g / f)'uorlerrpau req lnoqe posnJuoJ sr xoC srl l t
(g/ f ) 'uorterlpau s(pal ralsrurupe ol EuloE s1 asrnu eql Z
(g/f)'p1oe slea;,{1q4 I
'saf,ualues asleJ
eql lJerroJ iQ) aqog rc (.1) ana se)ualues eseql etv 'up8e ualsq .s.rred ur
4;o16
l!
'elqet srqt eleldurot pue up8e uelsl'I g
qse.t uqs I easneu ! uorlJeJur rea ! sualqord 1;eaq ! :lN h
qser urls ! easneu ! sualqord lreaq :xoC srl l t
qser uqs
uortreJur rea f] !
! easneu ! uorlJeJur rea ! suralqord lreaq ! :paJ Z
qser uqs ! eesneu ! uorlteJur rea suralqord lreaq :d1e;1 I
! !
'luetled qJea rol uralqord
IeJIpeu aq] / IJI1 pu€ uoltpJrpeu lnoqe 3uqp1 sasJnu rnoJ ol uots!-I g 6urua1sr1
urarr (e olur) OI asou (aq1
olur) g
an8uol (aq1 rapun) t) olrsnu (aq1o1u1) V
uqs (eq1 rapun) 8 qlnou (dq) t
uors (aq1 uo) L a,,{a (aq1
olur) Z
LuntJar (aqi olur) I .rea (aq1 olur) I
,,,i
'eJuo ueql aJotu sprol{ euros +elgs+
ilru --,^,^-,
asn UEJ no1 salnor aseql ol I
t ur uorl€Jrporu Jo sruJoJ oqtqf,lel tr .srrcd u1 4ro11 snoue^ellul = n
n
 Dosages and frequency
Vocabulary 1 Wnat do the symbols in the box mean? Match them to terms 1-5.

+X
1 minus/subtracted from 4 equals/is
2 plus/added to - 5 divide(d) -by
3 -
multiplied by/times -
Listening 2 -
Work in pairs, Listen to three conversations and complete these
calculations. Then practise saying them to your partner.
I 60 mg 20 mg 3 tablets
2 250 ml - 2 hours- I25 ml per hour
3 28kg-1.5m9:-mg
- -
Vocabulary 3 Write these calucations in words. Then practise saying them aloud,
I 100 mg + 150 mg : 250 mg
2 80ml-45mI:35ml
3 60mg+5m8:12mg
4 3x5ml:15mI
Language

Expressions of frequency
We can talk about frequency like this:
Take these tablets once a day at 8.00.
I take my iron tablets twice a day at 8.00 and 22.00.
He uses a suppository every second daylevery other day, on Monday, Wednesday and Friday'
The nurse administers medication three times a day, at 8.00, 13.00 and 19.00.
We give him a morphine injection every four hours, at 8.00, 12.00,16.00,20.00, etc,

4 Match expressions l-5 to patients a-e.

I three times a day
2 twice a day -
3 once a day- -
4 every four hours
5 every second day--
a) Ms Ford 08.00 / 12.00,/ 16.00 / 20.00 '/ 00.00 /
b) Ms Sandhu 08.00 / 13,00,/ 22.00./
c) Ms O'Riley 08.00 / 12.00 16.00 20.00 22,00,/
d) Ms Meleki 08.00 13.00 / 16.00 20.00 22.00
e) Ms Andrews Mon / Tues Wed / Thurs Fri /
Reading 5 Read the wiki entry on page 47 and answer these questions.
1 What was the language of medicine in Europe in ancient times?
2 When do medical professionals use Latin today?
3 Why did the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Healthcare
produce a new list of medical abbreviations?

46
LN
e{E} ol peeu no^
'ueq) rntr 'ug1e1senn1g paqlrcsard seq rolJop rno.r{ '1o.ta1sa1oqe ;nod rog t
Jol
'pupg 'ernssa;d poolq ;nor{ ro; sl u"Aolq Z
s,bp 96 rcI au\Paq
lD 'qlnow ,Q ,top D a)uo tnoz lo swotSn\tw ua; rolde1 d1p5 all8 01 peeu no^ I
'spJolv\ ur lno uaql allr1v\ pue 2 u1 suolldlrese;d aq1 peaS 8
719 esuedslc 964 esuadstq 969 esuedslc
s.dePlxPqT (ce7cd) [tTep od euo sq [11ep od euo
(sdec) 6ur 67 utlelse^nTJ (sqe+) 6ur 0t ueAoTCI 6ur 91 .rocog
uerl)tr pnos€tritr :1d 1Jeqqlnc eupE :4d :oTr(er ,{11e9 :14
ot4soH ulua) otaua9 IDl! lD4uDPleuat
loll4soH lD$ua) prauet
,'.
dep e arprl 8 salnsdec V
slelqe] L speru eJolaq s
requnu 9 eullpeq 13 z
srue;81111tu g sleel'u
reIB I
's8ulueeu aseql
q)lelu 1eq1 sloqur{s Jo suoll€I^alqqe pug pu" t-I suolldprrsard 1e >1oo1 L 6ut1ll
dep e saru11 aarql (p spl v
.,tep e ae1m1 (r dttep t
srnoq rnoJ drane (q pqz
dep.,t.ra,ra/dep e acuo (e dtrq 7I
'(p-e) ,{euanbar;
;o suolssardxa aq] ol (t-I) suo11ellarqqe pue stulel eql q)le6 's-rpd ut >1ro16 9 Alelnqecoll
sPl pq Aep B sor.url eerql p!] )o ou
9 A€p E Ssl,url xls stnou xrs Alo^e vzl9
^ur-l AEp ror.llo Are^o
A€p puoces Are^o prD ro (App Are^e) po pob ro OOO
ep ([ep e seul] rno]) plb [ep {rene pb )o oo
pq (Aep P sotull oelql) Pll AEp e ocrMl plq )o olg
"'ssn " rol uelelslhl 6u!ueaw uolle!^erqqv
:sr.Lrolqoro esnec 'oulclpeur perpnls oneq no{ ssa;un leAoMoH ieulltpoq
Alrelnber leLll suoqelnerqqe oLll lo ottlos ole eleH le, sueeur sr./ pue,sleou leue, sueeu cP :sleeul
peor ol rorsea pue roJeolc orel leql suollEl^olqqe aroroq, suEaur cd iqlnou Iq, sueeu od'elduexe
pue sure] 1o 1sr; e peltdutoc erecLllleoH u; [11;eng ro3 'suolldlrcserd elttm o1 Illetcedsa 'suotletAoJqqe
pue fia1eg uo uorssrLuuroC uellellsnv oqt 8002 ul urle'l esn llrls sleuotssolotd lec;peul inq qs;16u3
'senssr A1e1es luerled snottes osn€c uec sl eulclpotl.r 1o a0en6ue; eq1 Iepol'eutctpeul lo
slq] llV selelsrur eleu ueUo eldoed pue 'uollpl puetl osle pu€ 'edolnf uJalseM ul uollPclunuluoc lo
e.re Aaqi uaql'r suorlernerqqe peor ol llncqrp osle sl eFenbuel oql eq ol ponutluoc utlel ov Atnluec
]l 'puElsJapun o] ,{see lou or€ suorlpl^olqq€ eseLlt qull or.ll ul ordl.uS ueulou eLli lo llel oql leuv
suolldlrcssrd Jol suolle!^elqqe pue suJol leclpe6!
e!lerlsnv osjnu-P,l!M
a
 Side effects; assisting patients with medication
Speaking 1 Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. Then compare 1,our ideas with the rest
of the class.
1 What are side effects of medication?
2 Make a list ol five common side effects.
Listening 2 Listen to Les, a nursing lecturer, talking about side effects to a group
of student nurses and tick / the side effects he mentions.
! dizziness ! skin rash ! tremors
! diarrhoea ! stomachache ! constipation
! headaches f swelling ! drowsiness
! nausea f vomiting ! loss of appetite
3 Put the words in 1-5 in the correct order to make sentences. Then listen again
and check your answers.
1 some patients / suffer / as you know, / side effects / and others don't
2 might feel nauseous / may suffer dizziness / some people / and others
3 even headaches / to have diarrhoea, / it's also possible / vomiting,
4 may cause swelling at the injection site / for some patients / injecting
drugs intravenously
5 Valium / drowsiness / patients who take / may experience
Language

May, might
We use maylmight + infinitive to talk I You may feel some nausea. (lt is possible but not 100 percent sure.)
about actions or events that are possible I He might suffer some swelling from the injection.
now or in thefuture. I lt may take several months to heal up completely.
We might carry out more fests after we take off the bandages.

Use these prompts to write sentences wilh may or might. Put the verbs in
brackets in the correct place.
F;.
I you / a little dizzy afler you take your medication (feel) IMed
2 some patients / abdominal pains or sweating (experience)
3 your husband / some side effects but most patients don't (suffer) I
4 you / some side effects to this drug (get)
5 we'll monitor him as we / to reduce his dosage (need)
6 it I a few weeks for the wound to heal completely (take) f*
I
tnsut

Vocabulary 5 Look at the audio script for track 34 on page 77. Find words for side eflects that
match these definitions. Underline the words as vou read.
l;,
E z E A E
an illness where a condition when the patient no longer having shaking
l,''
the patient where the feels sleepy a desire for food movements in Iror-
frequently patient cannot your body that
passes solid pass solid waste you cannot
waste, often in a from the body control
liquid form

48
ov
idu!4Dt aqs sr uortD)tpau aq p utrot lDq/a
a" 3u14o1 sltog s1 {rqr14
'pJoJer
uorleJrpau aql elalduoJ oJ suorlsanb raql0 qJea {sv'12 aSed uo uorleuJoJur
aql le {ool 'g luepn}S 'g ur proJal uor}eJrpau .slrocl le {ool ,V luapnts
6 burleadg
leql
UI SI
Kepe0w S q11eaq p"taue0
(poo1t1t1u a4eD :-
L,pnow
0u11rwo,t 'ee6neu
eeoqrrslP qlnow (e)
leql slJ
9Jnor.l xto
f,tatte'a11un x1a \z)
-(') -
a,4e 4a1 I !1Ap ewocnel?
uorlecrpol l
?l € uooe e bl e tr o0 ilua|led procor uolleclpau leuoslod
raulred e
qlrr\ srel\sue rnod a;eduroc uaqJ, 'pJoJer uorleJrpa{u !srJoc ur
9_1 aleldruoe
pue 'luaqed e 's1;oq pue asrnu p ueoAueq uollesre^uoJ e o] ualsr-I 6urue1sl1
g
esuorleJrpeu Jo ]srl e dr;et ol uepl poo8 e 1r sr dq16 g
eslJaJJo apls ./ltau ]noqe rolrop eql IIa] ol luel.rodrul ll sl ,{qA\ V
uorle)rpau raluno)-aql-relo Jo salduexa o,ryU aAID t
Z>lJBp
eql ur uorle)rpeu e{e} ol 1ou 1ue1;odurl fl sl dql Z
euorletrpau e Jo IeqEI eql peor o1 1ue1;odrul 1 sl dqA\ I
.lcue8.rar.ue
c,
o
uE ur ur€al qlleoq e or |n}d|eq sr srLlf'suorterrper.u -rno/10 lsr; e l;;er slerur;y
'uotl€)tpotu luaJo#tp e l;l ot epoap leuu .rolrop
sli
rnol .ro e8esop luoJa#rp p alEt or peeu ler.u nol'srla#a oprs Mau,{ue r.rodeg
I
'suorlE)rpeul Jaqro ql!/v\ l)EaJ Sot.ulloulos asoql.urJtdse
pue saut)tpouJ leqJeq
'sralqet urLriplr^ sE q)ns sarpeLual Jaluno)-eqt-Ja^o a)El nol;r
-rotrop.rnol;;e1 v ute8e u
i)r€p eqr ut uotlp)tpeLu o)El t,uop - sa)Elsltu ptoAV €
'e8esop lf,oJJof,
aLp a^pq pue uottelrpau lf,orrof, eqr Burler e're nol aJns e€.slaqpl
)leq)
'ruer-todrur a.re
leql Lqa,r pue suotlpf,tpaLU _rnol lnoqe u-real nol d;eq
uP) .s-nu pup rsr)eurJprld !orrop Jno 'sour)rpar"u ;nol lnoqp suolrsonD lsv
dnor8 e
suorlsanD eql ta.&\sue pue ernqJorq 1ua11ed srql pee5 6ulpeag
L
f,op go aut7 auDS aql lD uorlD)rpaw aql a4Dl lser aql
'ssnJSrC
i.raquraruer ol ueql dlaq o1 asn r{aq1 uel sanbruqeal
1eqr11 sled ul )ilo.\\ 'uollerrpau rlaql a{el o1 1a8.lo; sluarled seur}euos g 6u;yeedg uor