Pioneer –

Module 9: : The mind

Vocabulary Booklet (Part 1)

Objectives:

Vocabulary:

Terminology related to the mind and mental ability

Expressions with "mind"
Nouns derived from adjectives
Adjectives with prepositions
Words easily confused

Grammar:

+ Infinitives and gerunds

+ Causatives
 S + have/ get + object + past participle
 Have someone do something
 Get someone to do something

Writing
Essay

Listening:
Multiple choices

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 EBLC:
B2
Pioneer - Module 9: The mind

Vocabulary Booklet
Lesson a
Reading/ Paqes: 104/ 105

Highlighted terms:

 Intake (n): 1) FOOD/ AIR : the amount of food or drink that you take into your body:
Example: Reducing your salt intake can help to lower blood pressure.
2) PEOPLE (uk): the group of people who start working or studying somewhere at the
same time: Example: a new intake of students

 Adage:/'a dldj//a wise saying.

Example: He remembered the old adage "Look before you leap'

 Retain (v): to continue to keep something:

Example: Will this beauty queen retain her crown?

 Cram
cram sth between/in/into, etc: to force things into a small space:
Example: The refugees were crammed into the truck.
to study a lot before an exam

 Verify: to prove that something is true, or do something to discover -if it is true:

been
Example: It was impossible to verify her statement.

Interesting structures worth adopting

 Not to mention the fact that : used to emphasize the importance of something that you
are adding to a list:
Example: The resort has great hotels and restaurants, not to mention some of the best
skiing in the region.

 Having said that..: used for adding an opinion that seems to be the opposite of what you
have just said, although you think both are true/ nevertheless/ in spite of that
Example: It's expensive. Having said that, I must admit that it is very well made./ Il The
exam was tough but, having said that, I think it's taught us all a lesson"

 Failinq to plan is plannina to fail

 Use it or lose it

Other terms:

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 Run: to organize or control something:
Example: She ran her own restaurant for five years.

 Keep up with: to continue to be informed about something:

Example: He's never made an effort to keep up with current events.

 Keen (adjective): 1) very interested or enthusiastic:

Example: a keen golfer/ photographer
2)wanting to do something very much:
Example: The shop is keen to attract new customers.
3) very good or well developed:
Example: a keen sense of smell

 Popeye :

 Spinach:

 Line of work: the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

 Stockbroker: someone whose job is to buy and sell stocks and shares in companies for other
people

 Stock: the value of a company, or a share in its value:

Example: to buy/ sell stock
falling/rising stock prices

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 Sudoku: /su: 'do ku/ a number game in which you have to write a number between 1 and 9 in
each small box of a 9x9 square

 Sign up (for): to arrange to do an organized activity:

Example: I've signed up for evening classes at the local college.

 Intense (adj):l) extreme or very Strong: intense heat/pain

SERIOUS: Intense people are very serious, and usually have strong
emotions or opinions: Example: He's always been very intense.

 Go blank: If your mind goes blank, you suddenly cannot remember or think of something.

 Seek (past participle: sought): 1) to try to find or get something:

Example: to seek advice/a solution
2) to try to do something
Example: They are seeking to change the rules.

 Come out: 1) If a book, record, film, etc comes out, it becomes available for people to
buy or see:
When does their new album come out?
2) If the sun, the moon, or a star comes out, it appears in the sky.
3)to become known:
Example: The truth about him will come out in the end.
go somewhere with someone for a social event:
Example: Would you like to come out for a drink?
5)If you describe how something comes out at the end of a process or
activity, you say what it is like: Example: How did your chocolate cake come out?
6) If results or information come out, they are given to people.
The exam results come out in August.
7)If dirt or a mark comes out of something, it disappears when you clean it:
Will this red wine stain come out?
8) If a photograph comes out, the picture can be seen clearly:
The photos didn't come out very well.
9) If something that you say comes out in a particular way, you say it in
that way: Example: I wanted to tell her that I loved her, but it came out all wrong.

 Come out against/ in favour of sth: to say publicly that you oppose or support
something

 Content: happy or satisfied:

Example: Not content with second place, Jeff played only to win.

 Switch off: to stop giving your attention to someone or something:

Example: I'm afraid I just switch off when she starts telling me about her problems.

 Jot down: to write something quickly on a piece of paper so that you remember it:
I jotted down some notes during his speech.

 Flash (n): SUDDEN EXPERIENCE: a sudden experience of something such as a feeling or

idea: Examples: a flash of anger/ I had a flash of inspiration.

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Idioms with mind:

 Take a load off one's mind: bring someone relief from anxiety.
"providing the income you will need after you stop work can take a load off your mind"

 Get out of one's mind: to manage to forget someone or something; to Stop thinking
about or wanting someone or something

 Slip one's mind: To forget something that you had to do

 In/ At the back of one's mind: If something is at/ in the back of your mind, you intend
to do it, but are not actively thinking about it:
Example: It's been at the back of my mind to call José for several days now, but I haven't got
round to it yet.

 Speak one's mind: to say what you think about something very directly:
He's certainly not afraid to speak his mind.

 Be out of one's mind: l)unable to behave or deal with things normally because
something has made you very worried, unhappy, or angry: Example: She wcs out of her
mind with grief.
2) informal extremely stupid or mentally ill:
Example: You must be out of your mind paying €500 for one night in a hotel!

 Set your mind to do sth: to be determined to do or have something:

Example: You can lose weight if you set your mind to it.

 Make up your mind: to make a decision:

Example: I haven't made up my mind whether to go yet.

 bear/keep sb/sth in mind: to remember someone or something that may be useful in

the future:
Example: I'll keep you in mind if another job comes up.

 change your mind: to change a decision or opinion:

Example: We've changed our minds about selling the house.

 come/spring to mind: If an idea comes to mind, it is the first thing you think of:
Example: I was thinking about who might be suitable for this job, and your name came to mind.

Vocabulary (Page: 106)

Words in depth

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+ Verb:

 Confide (v): to tell a secret to someone who you trust not to tell anyone else:
Example: Holly confided to me that she was ill.

Expression: Confide in sb — phrasal verb : to tell someone who you trust about things that
are secret or personal

+ Noun:
 Confidence: 1) ABILITY: a feeling of being certain of your ability to do things well:
He's a good student, but he lacks confidence.

2) TRUST IJ trust in someone's ability or a belief that something will produce good
results: Example: Kate's new to the job, but I have every confidence in her.

3) SECRET C something secret that you tell someone:

to exchange confidences

 Expression: in confidence: If you tell something to someone in confidence, you do not want
them to tell anyone else.

 Confidant/ confidante (n): a person you can talk to about your feelings and secrets

 Confidentiality: the state of keeping or being kept secret or private.

"the lead bank's duty of confidentiality to the borrower"

+ Adjective:
 Confident certain about your ability to do things well:
Example: a confident grin
2)being certain that something will happen. Example: Doctors are confident that she'll recover.

 Confidential (adj): secret, especially in an official situation:

Example: These documents are strictly confidential.

+ Adverb
 Confidently: in a self-assured way that expresses faith in oneself or one's abilities or qualities.
Example: '11 strode confidently up to the rope"

 Confidentially: in a way that is intended to be private or secret; privately.

Exam le: "all quierl@é will be treated confidentially"

+ Verb
 Rely on sb/ ath: 1) NEED: to need someone or something in order to be successful, work
correctly, etc:
Example: Families rely more on wives' earnings than before.

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  2) TRUST: to trust someone or something: Example: I know can rely on you to help me.

+ Noun

 Reliability: how reliable someone or something is:

Example: I'm not sure about the reliability of those statistics.

 Reliance: reliance on sb/sth: the fact of depending on someone or something our increasing
reliance on computers

 +Adjective
Reliable: able to be trusted or believed:
Example: a reliable car

 +Adverb
 Reliably (adv): Example: I am reliably informed that the concert has been cancelled.

*Verb

 Ignore: to pay no attention to something or someone:

Example: They just ignored him and carried on with the game.

+ Noun

 Ignorance: not enough knowledge, understanding, or information about something:

Example: There is still widespread ignorance about / of the disease.
NOT HAVING KNOWLEDGE

 +Adjective
Ignorant: l)not having enough knowledge, understanding, or information about something:
He was a newcomer to Formula One and ignorant of many of the circuits.
2)NOT POLITE uk: not polite or showing respect:

Pioneer - Module 9: The mind

Vocabulary Booklet (Part 2)

Words in depth:

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*Verb
 Diversify: If a business diversifies, it starts making new products or offering new services:
Example: Many designers are diversifying into casual wear.

*Noun
 Diversity: a situation in which many different types of things or people are included in
something:
Example: ethnic diversity

 Diversification: 1) the action of making or becoming more diverse or varied.

Example: "growers should start planning diversification of crops"
2) the process of a company enlarging or varying its range of products or field of operation.
Example "the company is benefiting from geographical diversification.

 *Adjective
Diverse: including many different types:
Example: a diverse collection of music

*Verb

 Empty: 1) CONTAINER: If you empty a container, or if you empty the things inside it, you
remove everything from it: Example: Where can I empty this ashtray? 2) PLACE: to become
empty: Example: The room emptied rapidly when the fire started.

+Adjective

 Empty: 1) If something is empty, it does not contain any things or people: Example: an empty
house/street
2) having no meaning or value: Example: an empty promise/threat

*Noun

 Emptiness: 1. the state of containing nothing.

Example: "the vast emptiness of space"
2. the quality of lacking meaning or sincerity; meaninglessness.
Example: "he realizes the emptiness of his statement"

 + verb
Reluct: (rare) To show reluctance to do something.

 *Noun
Reluctance ,/rl' IAktans/: a feeling of not wanting to do something:

Example: a reluctance toxrcept changes

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  +Adjective
Reluctant: not wanting to do something.
Example: Many victims of crime are reluctant to go to the police.

 + Adverb
Reluctantly: In an unwilling and hesitant way.
Example: 'he reluctantly agrees to do his duty'

+Verb

 Help: to make it easier for someone to do something:

*Noun

 Helplessness: Inability to defend oneself or to act effectively.

Example: I was overwhelmed by a feeling of helplessness as I was wheeled into the operating
theatre.

+Adjective

 Helpless: not able to defend yourself or do things without help:

Example: a helpless animal/ child

 +Adverb
Helplessly: With no ability to act or help oneself.
Example: 'workers watched helplessly as black smoke engulfed the building
2) In an uncontrollable manner.
Example: 'they fell about, giggling helplessly

*Verb

 Convene: to arrange a meeting, or to meet for a meeting:

Example: The committee convenes three timesa ear.

*Noun

 Convenience: 1) the fact of being easy to use and suitable for what you want to do:
Example: the convenience of credit cards
2) something that makes life easier:
Example: Fortunately, the house has every modern convenience.

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 
 *Adjective
Convenient: easy to use or suiting your plans well:
Exam le: When would be a convenient time to meet?

 +Adverb
Conveniently: In a way that fits well with particular needs, activities, and plans.
Example: 'this house is very conveniently located'

Nouns and adjectives:

 Curiosity (n): 1) A strong desire to know or learn something.

Example: filled with curiosity, she peered through the window'
2) An unusual or interesting object or fact.
Example: 'he showed them some of the curiosities of the house'

 Curious (adj): 1) wanting to know or learn about something:

Example: I was curious about his life in India.
2) strange or unusual:
Example: The house was decorated in a curious style.

 Capability (n): /,kerpa'bllati/ the ability or power to do something:

Example: Both players have the capability to win this game.

 Capable (ad.j): able to do things effectively and achieve results:

Example: She's a very capable young woman.

 Equality (n): the situation when everyone is equal and has the same opportunities, rights,
etc:
Example: racial/sexual equality

 Fatality (n): /fa'tælati/ (formal) the death of a person caused by violence or an accident.
Loneliness: 1) Sadness because one has no friends or company
2) The fact of being without companions; solitariness.
Example: 'the loneliness of a sailor's life
3) (of a place) the quality of being unfrequented and remote: isolation.
Example: 'the loneliness of the farm'

 Cheerfulness: 1) the quality or state of being noticeably happy and optimistic.

Example: it's hard to be grumpy in the face of their resolute cheerfulness'
2) The quality of causing happiness.
Example: 'the overall cheerfulness of the film'

 Carelessness: Failure to give sufficient attention to avoiding harm or errors; negligence.

/ 'neglidʒəns/
Example: 'most road accidents are caused by carelessness on the part of motorists'

 Seriousness: The quality or state of being serious.

 Example: 'we are aware of the seriousness of the situation'

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  Seriosity: The quality or state of being serious, now especially in a pompous or affected
way; (excessive) seriousness.

 Independence: the quality of being able to look after yourself and not need money, help, or
permission from other people:
Example: My parents gave me a lot of independence.

 Excellence: the quality of being outstanding or extremely good.

Example: "awards for excellence'

 Existence: EXISTING: the state of existing:

Example: The theatre company that we started is still in existence today.

 Absence: a time when you are not in a particular place:

Lisa will be acting as manager in Phil's absence (z while Phil is not here).

 Tolerance: the quality of allowing people to do or believe what they want although you do not
agree with it:
Example: religious/racial tolerance

 Significance: importance:
Example: The discovery of the new drug is of great significance for/ to people suffering from
heart problems.

 Relevance: the degree to which something is related or useful to what is happening or being
talked about:
Example: What relevance does that point have to the discussion?

 Distance: the amount of space between two places:

Example: What's the distance between Madrid and Barcelona/ from Madrid to Barcelona?

Reading/ Page: 108/ 19

Highlighted terms:

 Renowned: known or talked about by many people; famous.

Example: "Britain is renowned for its love of animals"

 Evident: easily seen or understood:

Example: The full extent of the damage only became evident the following morning.

 Disprove: to prove that something is not true:

 Example: The allegations have been disproved.

 Portrait: a painting, photograph, drawing, etc. of a person or, less commonly, of a group of
people:

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 Example: She's commissioned an artist to paint her portrait/paint a portrait of her.

 Phenomenal: extremely successful or special, especially in a surprising way:

Example: Her rise to fame was quite phenomenal- in less than two years she was a household
name.

Other terms:

 Contemporary (n): 1) someone living during the same period as someone else:
Example: Was he a contemporary of Shakespeare's?
2) a person who is of the same age as you:
Example: She didn't mix with her contemporaries, preferring the company of older people.

 Accomplished: (adj) skilled

Example: She s a very accomplished pianist/painter/horsewoman.

Collocation: highly accomplished

 Renowned (for): famous for something: Example: The region is renowned for its outstanding
natural beauty. /Marco Polo is a renowned explorer/is renowned as an explorer.

 Commonplace (adj): happening often or often seen or experienced and so not considered to be
special. Example: Electric cars are increasingly commonplace.

 Parachute :

 Hang-gliders:

 Put together (v) : 1) to put the parts of something in the correct places and join them to each
other:

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 Example: It took several hours to put the puzzle together.
2) to prepare a piece of work by collecting several ideas and suggestions and organizing them:
Example: The management are putting together a plan/proposal/package to rescue the company.

 Recreation: 1) the act of rnaking something exist or happen again:

Example: a recreation of one of the most famous events in history
2) a way of) enjoying yourself when you are not working:
His favourite recreations are golf and playing Scrabble.

 Circle of friends/ milieu: the people, physical, and social conditions and events that
provide the environment in which someone acts or lives:
Example: It is a study of the social and cultural milieu in which Michelangelo lived and worked.

Patron: 1) a person or group that supports an activity or organization, especially by giving

money: Example: The Princess Royal is a well-known patron of several charities.
2) (formal) a person who uses a particular shop, restaurant, hotel, etc., especially regularly: Will
patrons kindly note that this restaurant will be closed on 17 July .

 Provided for sth: 1) to make plans in order to deal with a possible event in the future:
Example: We must provide for depreciation when calculating the costs.
2) (formal) If a law or agreement provides for something, it allows it to happen or exist: Example:
Current legislation provides for the detention of those suspected of terrorism.

 Provided for somebody: to give someone the things needed to live:

Example: The men must learn to provide for themselves once they've left the halfway house.


Interesting collocation: Rightly considered to be..

Words easily confused:

 Effort (to put effort into sth/ doing sth): 1) physical or mental activity needed to achieve
something: Example: If we could all make an effort to keep this office tidier it would help.

 Attempt(at first/ second, etc. attempt): to try to do something, especially something difficult and
often without success
Example: He attempted to escape through a window.

 Effort vs. attempt

Effort is the result of an attempt to produce something, especially when its quality is low or
uncertain:
Example: Do you want to have a look at his exam paper? It's a fairly poor effort.

 Trial: a test, usually over a limited period of time, to discover how effective or suitable
something or someone is:
Example: They're doing clinical trials on a new drug./ They've employed her for a six-month trial
(period).

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  Experiment: A new idea, activity or technique that you test to see if sth happens or what effect it
has

 Discovery: he process of finding information, a place, or an object, especially for the first time,
or the thing that is found: Example: the discovery of electricity

 Breakthrough: an important discovery or event that helps to improve a situation or provide an

answer to a problem: Example: Scientists are hoping for a breakthrough in the search for a cure
for cancer.

 Invention: something that has never been made before, or the process of creating something that
has never been made before: Example: The world changed rapidly after the invention of the
phone.

 Innovation: (the use of) a new idea or method: Example: the latest innovations in computer
technology

 Influence (on sb): the power to have an effect on people or things, or a person or thing that is
able to do this: Example: Helen's a bad/good influence on him.

 Result of sth: sth that is caused because of sth else

 Consequence for sb : a result or effect of sth that has happened

 Effect (on sb/ sth): A change in sb/ sth that is caused by sth/ sb

Pioneer - Module 9: The mind

Vocabulary Booklet (Part 3)

Review the following chunks and then complete the exercise on the next page.

Adjective+prepositions

Respected
for
Suitable
Familiar

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 Popular with

satisfied

Addicted

oblivious
to
inferior Experienced in
Aware of
different (from)

Adjective+prepositions

Respected
………..
Suitable
Familiar

Popular ………..

satisfied

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Addicted

oblivious
………
inferior Experienced …….
Aware ……………
different (from)

Grammar:

1) I can't convince my students to speak English on break.

I can't …………………………………………………………………………..

Now, your turn:

I persuaded ………………………to …………………………………..

I got ……………………………….to…………………………………

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2) My son couldn't memorise the multiplication table , so asked him to copy it 3 times.

I made ............................. ……………………………………………………………

I caught a student speaking Arabic in class, so I forced him to pay 1000 L.P

I made ……………… …………………………………………

Your turn:

Something you forced or asked someone to do.

I made ……………….. ……………………………………………………………………

Conclusion:

 When you convince sb to do sth, use: S + get +Sb (doer) + to do sth

I got the mechanic to fix my car.

 When you force or ask sb to do sth, use: S + have + sb (doer) + do sth

For things that you arrange for other people to do (usually experts), use

S + have/ get + something+ Past participle

I had my hair done.

Complete.

1. ……………………………(swim ).is my favourite hobby.

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 2. I love ………………………(read)

3. He finished ……………………(eat) his pasta.

4. Ahmad: "I am sick today.l

Sami: "How about …………………(go) to the doctor?"

5. The newest Mercedes costs $350,000, but it's worth ………………………..(pay) all that money.

6. I’m thinking of …………………………………..(travel) to Italy.

Gerunds Full infinitive Bare infinitive

(ing form) (To + base (Base form)
form)
subjects

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Verbs (Love,
like, hate,
finish..) +

Expressions
(How about,
It's worth...) +

Prepositions +
To express
purpose
(Why?)

Enough/ too +

Want, would
like, hope,
decide +

Question
words (how,
who, what..) +

Modal verbs
(can, could,
must..) +

Make, let +

Now write your own examples.

-ing forms:

 As subjects:

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 ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
 After certain verbs (like, love, hate, finish,..):

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

 After prepositions:

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Complete.

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1. Why do you come to the BLC?

I come to the BLC ………………………………………………………..

2. I want ………………………………………(travel) around the world.

3. I hope ………………………………………(see) you soon.

4. 1 want to learn how …………………………….(speak) Chinese

5.1 don't know what ………………………………..(do).

6. I can …………………………….. (speak) Arabic.

7. Our teacher makes us ………………. pay) 500 L.P as a

punishment when we speak Arabic in the class.

8. I don't let my children ………………………..drink Pepsi

9. This word is too small for me …………………………….(read) ( ecclesiastical )

Now complete the rules.
Full infinitive Bare infinitive
(To + Base form) (Base form)

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 After verbs let and
make

After modal verbs:

can, could, will,
must...

After question
words when used as
objects (what, how,
where..)

After certain
verbs: decide, hope,
want, would like..

After too, enough

To express purpose
(To answer the
question: Why?)

Now write your own examples.

Modal verbs (Can, must...):

……………………………………………………………………………………………..
Make or Let:
……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Express purpose:
……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Too or Enough
……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Verbs like: (hope, decide, want, would like..)

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Question words when used as objects (How, What, How..)

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

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