List of Chemical Compounds

– common names, chemical names, chemical formula and uses

Common Chemical Chemical
Uses
Name Compounds Formula
Sodium Hydrogen It is used as an
Baking Soda Carbonate or Sodium NaHCO3 ingredient in
Bicarbonate baking.
It is used on a
large scale for
Antiformin/ surface
Bleach/ purification,
Sodium hypochlorite NaOCl/NaClO
Chloride of bleaching,
Soda odour removal
and water
disinfection.
It is used as a
Bleaching bleaching
Calcium Oxychloride CaOCl2
Powder agent and
disinfectant
It Is used to
Blue Vitriol Copper Sulphate CuSO4 x H2O control fungus
and algae.
Sodium tetraborate It is used in
Na2[B4O5(OH)
Borax decahydrate/Sodium laundry
4] x 8H2O
Borate detergent.
It is used as a
fungicide, and
Calomel Mercurous chloride Hg2Cl2 formerly in
medicine as
purgative.
It is used as a
Carbolic Acid/
disinfectant in
Hydroxybenzen Phenol C6H5OH
household
e/ Phenic Acid
cleaners.
It is used in
automotive
Carborundum Silicon carbide SiC
brakes and
clutches.
 It is used in
liquid
fertilizers,
Caustic potash Potassium hydroxide KOH
potassium
soaps and
detergents.
It is used for
making high-
strength
Chile saltpetre Sodium nitrate NaNO3
glasses,
fertilizers and
explosives.
It is used as a
solvent for
Chloroform Trichloromethane CHCl3 lacquer, floor
polishes and
resins.
It is used in
Potassium hydrogen
bakery to
Cream of tartar tartrate / potassium KC4H5O6
stabilize egg
bitartrate
whites.
It is used as an
ingredient in
Calcium magnesium
Dolomite CaMg(CO3)2 the production
carbonate
of glass, bricks
and ceramics.
It is used to
Dry ice Solid carbon dioxide CO2
preserve food.
It is known to
Magnesium sulphate MgSO4 x relieve pain
Epsom salt
heptahydrate 7H2O and
inflammation
It is used as a
refrigerant in
Freon-12 / Dichlorodifluorometha
CCl2F2 refrigerators
CFC-12 ne
and air
conditioners.
It is also used
Galena Lead (II) sulphide PbS
in a green
 glaze applied
to pottery
It is used in
Sodium sulphate Na2SO4 x medicine and
Glauber’s Salt
decahydrate 10H2O as a dyeing
agent.
It is used in
Glycerol Propane-1,2,3-triol C3H8O3 food and skin
care industry
It is used in
sewage and
Ferrous sulphate water
Green vitriol FeSO4 x 7H2O
heptahydrate treatment, and
as a pigment,
fertilizer
It is used to
Calcium sulphate CaSO4 x
Gypsum manufacture
dihydrate 2H2O
dry wall.
It is used in
nuclear
Heavy water Deuterium oxide D2O reactors, as a
neutron
moderator.
It is used for
both film and
Sodium thiosulphate Na2S2O3 x
Hypo solution photographic
pentahydrate 5H2O
paper
processing.
It is used to
produce
pigments,
preparations
Iron (III) Oxide / Ferric
Hematite Fe2O3 for heavy
oxide
media
separation,
radiation
shielding, etc.
 It is used for
Dinitrogen monoxide /
Laughing gas N2O dentist
Nitrous oxide
(anesthetic)
It is used in
production of
Quick iron and steel,
Lime/Burnt Calcium oxide CaO paper and pulp
Lime and in
treatment of
water.
It is used in
mortars,
Slaked lime Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
plasters and
cements.
It is used as a
Limestone /
Calcium carbonate CaCO3 building
Calcite
material.
It is used in the
manufacture of
Litharge (Red) lead stabilizers
Lead (II) Oxide / Lead
and Massicot PbO pottery, lead
Monoxide
(Yellow) glass, paints,
enamels and
inks
It is used in
manufacture of
Lye/ Caustic pulp and
Sodium hydroxide NaOH
soda paper, alumina,
soap and
detergents.
It is poisonous
Marsh Gas Methane CH4 gas mainly
found in mines.
Methyl ethyl It is mainly
ketone/butanon Butan-2-one C4H8O used in paint
e formation
It is used as an
Milk of
Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 antacid to
magnesia
relieve
 indigestion,
sour stomach
and heartburn.
It is used to
increase the
Ammonium iron (II) (NH4)2Fe(SO4)
Mohr’s salt shelf life of iron
sulphate 2 x 6H2O
and reduce
oxidation.
It is used for
Aqua Fortis / production of
Nitric acid HNO3
Spirit od Niter explosives and
fertilizers
It is used as
food additive,
and in gelatin
production,
Muriatic acid Hydrochloric acid HCl
leather
processing.
Also, for toilet
bowl cleaning
It is used for
making
fertilizer. Used
Oil of Vitriol Sulphuric acid H2SO4
also for pH
adjustment for
lime softening
It is used in
traditional
Wintergreen oil Methyl salicylate C8H8O3 medicine for
the bacterial
infections.
It is used to
Phosgene Carbonyl dichloride COCl2 make plastics
and pesticides.
It is used as a
protective
Calcium sulphate CaSO4 x
Plaster of Paris coating on
hemihydrate 1/2H2O
walls and
ceilings.
 It is commonly
used in water
Potash Potassium aluminum
KAl(SO4)2 x purification,
Alum/Potassiu sulphate
12H2O leather
m Alum dodecahydrate
tanning,
dyeing.
It is used in
Potassium sodium KNaC4H4O6 x manufacturing
Rochelle Salt
tartrate 4H2O of pectins and
gelatines.
It is used as
Quartz / White oscillators in
Silicon dioxide (Silica) SiO2
sand radios,
watches
It is used in
thermometers,
Quicksilver Mercury Hg
thermostats,
barometers
It is commonly
Table used as a
salt/Common Sodium chloride NaCl condiment and
salt food
preservative.
It is used to
treat tremors,
chest pain,
2- hypertension,
propanol/Propa Isopropyl alcohol (CH3)2CHOH heart rhythm
n-2-ol disorders and
other heart or
circulatory
conditions.
It is used as
cleaning agent
Sal ammoniac Ammonium chloride NH4Cl in several
industrial
processes
 It is used as a
Saltpetre Potassium nitration KNO3 common food
preservative.
It is used to
form mortars,
Slaked lime Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
plasters and
cements.
It is used in
C6H2(NO2)3CH used military
TNT Trinitrotoluene
2 shells, bombs
and grenades.
It is used as a
pigment, and
Vermilion/
Mercuric Sulphide HgS carve it into
Cinnabar
jewelry and
ornaments.
It is used in
commercial
Sodium carbonate Na2CO3 x detergent
Washing soda
decahydrate 10H2O mixtures to
treat hard
water.
It is used for
preserving
White vitriol Zinc sulphate ZnSO4 x 7H2O
skins and
wood.
It is used in
welding and
Acetylene Ethyne C2H2
cutting
process.
It is used to
disinfect tools,
bleach hair,
and to clean
Agua oxinada Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2
surfaces. It's
also used in
oral care and
gardening.
 It is used in
pickling, in
baking powder,
in fire
Sodium Aluminum extinguishers,
NaAl(SO4)2 x
Alum Sulfate and as
12H2O
Dodecahydrate astringents in
medicine. It is
also used to
reduce body
sweating.
It is used as an
antifungal
defoliant for
cotton, as an
antifungal
Aqueous solution of
Ammonia water NH4OH agent in certain
ammonia
fruits and as a
preservative
for storing high
moisture
maize.
It Is used to
remove noble
metals such as
gold, platinum
and palladium
Mixture of
from
Aqua Regia concentrated HCl and 3HCl : 1HNO3
substrates,
HNO3
particularly in
microfabricatio
ns and
microelectronic
s labs.
It is used in
industrial
Borazon Boron nitride BN
applications to
shape tools
Aqueous solution of It is used in
Brine NaCl (aq)
sodium chloride combatting ice
 from forming
on the highway
surface or
deicing.
It is used to
make Antimony
salts and
drugs, to
Butter of
Antimony (III) chloride SbCl3 (aq) fireproof
Antimony
textiles, and as
a reactant in
many organic
reactions.
It is used as an
agricultural
poison, as an
algicide in
Chalcocite Copper (I) sulfide Cu2S water
purification and
as a blue
pigment for
inks.
It is used for
copper
smelting. It’s
other uses
Chalcopyrite Copper ferrous sulfide CuFeS2 include jewelry,
sculptures, and
an acid-treated
version called
peacock ore.
It is used as a
source of iron
for evaluation
in soil
Ferrous sulfate
Copperas FeSO4 x 7H2O enrichment,
heptahydrate
animal feed,
water
treatment
applications
 and chromium
VI reduction in
cement.
It is used for
grinding optical
glass and for
polishing
metals and has
Corundum Aluminum oxide Al2O3
also been
made into
sandpapers
and grinding
wheels.
It is used as an
antiseptic or
disinfectant. It
Grain alcohol Ethyl alcohol C2H5OH
is also used as
a solvent and
fuel.
It is used as an
antiseptic to
treat minor skin
conditions. It is
used in a
variety of
disinfectant
Iodoform Triiodomethane CHI3 products. It is
used in
products that
are used for
cleaning
polarized films
such as LCDs
and LEDs.
It is used in
aiding weight
Calcium hydroxide
Lime water Ca(OH)2 (aq) management,
solution
skin health,
and helping
 prevent kidney
stones.
It kills
microorganism
s and reacts
with the
compounds in
human flesh.
Thus, it is used
for removing
Lunar caustic Silver nitrate AgNO3
warts,
destroying
damaged or
diseased
tissues, and for
stopping
superficial
bleeding.
It is used to
treat symptoms
caused by too
Magnesia / much stomach
Magnesium oxide MgO
Peridase acid such as
heartburn,
upset stomach,
or indigestion.
It is used as
Basic Magnesium Mg4(OH)2(CO3 pigment and as
Magnesia Alba
carbonate )3 x 5H2O filling material
for paints.
It is used as a
refractory
material, a
catalyst and
Magnesium filler in the
Magnesite MgCO3
carbonate production of
synthetic
rubber, and a
material in the
preparation of
 magnesium
chemicals and
fertilizers
Its greatest use
is as an
important iron
ore for steel
manufacture.
Other
applications
are as a
catalyst in the
Magnetite / Haber process
Fe3O4 or FeO
Magnetic iron Iron (II, III) oxide for making
x Fe2O3
oxide ammonia, as a
pigment for
paints and
ceramics, and
as magnetic
micro- and
nanoparticles
for a variety of
processes and
materials.
Silane is often
used as a
waterproofing
agent in
construction
projects. It can
be applied to
Monosilane Silicon hydride SiH4 concrete, brick,
wood, and
other materials
to create a
barrier that
prevents water
from seeping
through.
 It is the most
widely used
potassium
fertilizer. As
one of the
three primary
crop nutrients
Muriate of required for
Potassium chloride KCl
potash plant growth,
Potassium
serves as the
“Regulator” of
many essential
processes
within the
plant.
It is used as an
abrasive in
polishing and
lapping
applications,
and also as a
loose abrasive
Norbide Boron carbide B4C in cutting
applications
such as water
jet cutting. It
can also be
used for
dressing
diamond tools.
Phosphine is
used in the
semiconductor
industry to
Phosphorous
Phosphine PH3 introduce
trihydride
phosphorus
into silicon
crystals . It is
also used as a
 fumigant, a
polymerization
initiator and as
an
intermediate
for the
preparation of
several flame
retardants.
Phosphine has
an odor of
garlic or
decaying fish
but is odorless
when pure.
It may be used
in a radiation
emergency to
help remove
radioactive
cesium (Cs)
and thallium
(Tl) from inside
a person's
Prussian blue Ferric ferrocyanide Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 body. Prussian
blue traps
radioactive
cesium and
thallium in the
intestines and
keeps them
from being
reabsorbed by
the body.
It is used for
many chemical
processes,
Prussic acid Hydrocyanic acid HCN
including
fumigation, the
case hardening
 of iron and
steel.
It is used to
create iron
sulfate that is
used to make
nutritional
supplements,
ink, lawn
conditioner,
water
treatment and
Pyrite Iron sulfide FeS2 flocculation,
moss killer,
and many
other chemical
processes. Iron
sulfate which
comes from
pyrite is used
to treat iron-
deficiency
anemia.
It is used in
the
manufacture of
steel and
Pyrolusite Manganese dioxide MnO2 manganese
bronze; in dry
cells; and as a
decolorizing
agent in glass.
It is used in the
production of
iron and steel,
Quicklime or paper and pulp
Calcium oxide CaO
lime production,
treatment of
water and flue
gases and in
 the mining
industry.
It is widely
used in the
production of
Rutile or glass,
Titanium dioxide TiO2
Anatase porcelain, and
ceramics, as it
is a valuable
coloring agent.
It is used in
glass
manufacturing,
but it is also
used in a wide
range of other
products, such
as powdered
detergents and
soaps and
rechargeable
Soda ash Sodium Carbonate Na2CO3
batteries, as
well as being
used
extensively in
metallurgical
processes, and
across the
food, cosmetic
and
pharmaceutical
industries.
It is used in the
textile industry
to aid in
Potassium antimonyl binding certain
Tartar emetic KSbOC4H4O6
tartarate dyes to fabrics
and in
medicine as an
expectorant
 and a
nauseant.
It is used to
detect ferrous
Turnbull’s blue Ferrous ferricyanide Fe3[Fe(CN)6]2
(Fe2+) iron in
tissues
It is used for
hardening
steel, and for
making
Witherite Barium carbonate BaCO3
cement, glass,
enamelware,
soap, dye and
explosives.
It is used in
solvents,
deicers, and
the
Wood alcohol Methanol CH3OH manufacturing
of plastics,
polyesters, and
other
chemicals.