Reading 1: The Hidden Power of Spices

When we think about healthy eating, we often focus on fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
However, there’s another group of foods that plays an important role in maintaining our
health: spices. These small but powerful ingredients not only add flavor to our meals but also
offer numerous health benefits that many people are unaware of.
(1) Throughout history, spices have been valued not just for their taste but also for their
medicinal properties. For example, turmeric, commonly used in Indian cuisine, contains a
compound called curcumin. This substance has strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant
effects, which can help reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer.
Similarly, ginger has been used for centuries to help with digestion and to relieve nausea.
(2) One of the most fascinating things about spices is how they can improve our overall well-
being without adding extra calories. Unlike sugary or fatty foods, spices like cinnamon, black
pepper, and chili peppers enhance the flavor of dishes while supporting good health. For
instance, cinnamon helps regulate blood sugar levels, making it a great addition for people
trying to manage diabetes. Capsaicin, the compound that makes chili peppers hot, may boost
metabolism and aid in weight loss.
(3) In addition to their health benefits, spices also help preserve food. Before modern
refrigeration, people used spices like garlic and clove to prevent food from spoiling. These
spices have natural antimicrobial properties, which means they can slow the growth of
bacteria. Even today, many cultures rely on spices not just for taste but also to keep food fresh
in warm climates.
(4) Despite these advantages, some people may experience health issues if they consume
certain spices in large amounts. For example, eating too much licorice can lead to high blood
pressure. Therefore, it’s important to use spices in moderation and consult a doctor if you
have specific health conditions.
In conclusion, spices are more than just flavor enhancers—they are natural medicines hidden
in our kitchens. By adding a variety of spices to our meals, we can enjoy delicious food while
also taking care of our health.

Comprehension Questions
A. Identifying the Main Idea
1. What is the main idea of paragraph 1?
A) Spices are only used in Indian cuisine.
B) Spices have both flavor and health benefits.
C) Spices are more important than fruits and vegetables.
D) Spices can be dangerous for our health.
2. What is the purpose of paragraph 3?
A) To explain how spices are grown.
 B) To describe how spices can preserve food.
C) To show that spices are only used in warm climates.
D) To discuss the negative effects of spices.
B. Inference Questions
3. Based on the text, what can be inferred about people in the past before modern
refrigerators?
A) They didn’t worry about food spoiling.
B) They used spices only for flavor.
C) They relied on spices to keep food fresh.
D) They avoided using spices in hot climates.
4. What can be inferred about capsaicin?
A) It helps people lose weight by reducing hunger completely.
B) It only adds spiciness without any health benefits.
C) It may help with metabolism, which can support weight loss.
D) It is dangerous if consumed in small amounts.
C. Reference Questions
5. What does the word “these” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A) Modern refrigerators
B) Food spoilage techniques
C) Natural antimicrobial properties
D) Spices like garlic and clove
D. Detail Questions
6. Which spice is mentioned as helpful for regulating blood sugar levels?
A) Ginger
B) Cinnamon
C) Turmeric
D) Licorice
7. According to the text, why should people be careful when consuming large amounts of
certain spices?
A) They can lose all their nutrients.
B) They may cause health problems like high blood pressure.
C) They will lose their flavor if overused.
D) They can only be consumed safely with modern medicine.
E. Gist Question
8. What is the text mainly about?
A) The dangers of eating too many spices
B) How spices are grown around the world
C) The history of spice trade routes
D) The health benefits and uses of spices
Reading 2:
The Truth About Fast Food
Fast food has become a major part of modern life. With busy schedules and the need for
convenience, many people choose fast food because it’s quick, affordable, and easy to find.
However, while fast food can be satisfying and tasty, it also raises concerns about health and
nutrition.
(1) One of the main reasons people are attracted to fast food is its convenience. Fast food
restaurants are everywhere, offering meals that are ready in just a few minutes. This is
especially appealing to people who don’t have time to cook at home. Additionally, fast food is
often cheaper than healthier options, making it popular among students and workers with
limited budgets.
(2) Despite its convenience, fast food can have negative effects on health. Many fast food
items are high in calories, unhealthy fats, sugar, and salt. Eating these foods regularly can lead
to health problems such as obesity, heart disease, and diabetes. For example, a large burger
with fries and a sugary drink can contain more calories than a person needs in an entire day.
(3) However, not all fast food is unhealthy. Some restaurants have started to offer healthier
options, such as salads, grilled chicken, and fruit. These choices are lower in fat and calories,
providing better nutrition without sacrificing convenience. It’s also important to consider
portion sizes. Choosing smaller portions or sharing meals can help reduce the intake of
unhealthy ingredients.
(4) Making healthier choices at fast food restaurants requires awareness and planning.
Reading nutrition labels, avoiding fried foods, and choosing water instead of sugary drinks are
simple ways to eat better. Experts also recommend preparing meals at home whenever
possible, as this allows people to control the ingredients and cooking methods, leading to
healthier eating habits.
In conclusion, while fast food can be a convenient option, it’s important to make smart
choices to maintain a healthy diet. By being mindful of what we eat, we can enjoy fast food
occasionally without harming our health.

Comprehension Questions
A. Identifying the Main Idea
1. What is the main idea of paragraph 2?
A) Fast food restaurants offer the healthiest meals.
B) Fast food can lead to health problems if eaten regularly.
C) Fast food is cheaper than cooking at home.
D) Everyone should avoid fast food completely.
2. What is the purpose of paragraph 4?
A) To explain why fast food is always unhealthy
 B) To describe the history of fast food
C) To give tips on making healthier fast food choices
D) To compare fast food with home-cooked meals
B. Inference Questions
3. What can be inferred about people who frequently eat fast food?
A) They are always unhealthy.
B) They may struggle with health issues if they don’t choose wisely.
C) They prefer cooking at home but don’t have time.
D) They don’t care about their health.
4. What can be inferred about portion sizes at fast food restaurants?
A) Larger portions are healthier than smaller ones.
B) Reducing portion sizes can help maintain a healthy diet.
C) Portion sizes don’t affect the nutritional value of food.
D) People should avoid fast food regardless of portion size.
C. Reference Questions
5. What does the word “these” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A) Calories and nutrition facts
B) Health problems like obesity and heart disease
C) Fast food items high in unhealthy ingredients
D) Home-cooked meals and snacks
D. Detail Questions
6. According to the text, which of the following is a healthier fast food option?
A) Fried chicken with fries
B) A large soda with a burger
C) Grilled chicken with a salad
D) A double cheeseburger with extra cheese
7. What is one way to make fast food healthier, according to the text?
A) Adding more sugar to balance the flavors
B) Choosing fried foods instead of grilled ones
C) Drinking water instead of sugary drinks
D) Eating larger portions to feel full
E. Gist Question
8. What is the text mainly about?
A) The history and popularity of fast food
B) The reasons why fast food is always unhealthy
C) The health risks of fast food and how to make better choices
D) Why people should stop eating fast food altogether