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RUHA NURSERY AND PRIMARY SCHOOL
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ST) STD 6
PREPARED BY
MR. KHAMISI @2025
+255717797536
TOPIC 1: SCIENCE LABORATORY
A: CONCEPT OF LABORATORY
Laboratory is a special room or building where by scientific experiments
are done
I: FEATURES OF SCIENCE LABORATORY
A well-designed science laboratory facilitates innovation, research, and
discovery. Therefore, science laboratory has the following characteristics
It should be spacious and window to allow ventilation and light
It should have storage and shelves for chemicals, equipment’s,
models and specimen
It must have an emergence door to escape in case of accident
It should have a preparation room, area for specimen and
experiment
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It must have an easily accessible supply of gas, water and electricity
for conducting experiment
It must have teacher work area and student work area
It must have first aid kit
II: SAFETY RULES IN SCIENCE LABORATORY
The following are the rules and regulation in science laboratory;
Do not enter the laboratory without permission.
Never start an experiment without the teacher’s instructions.
Read and understand the instructions of the experiment beforehand.
Use the chemicals and apparatus correctly and carefully.
Eating, drinking and playing are prohibited in the laboratory.
Do not take the apparatus and chemicals out of the laboratory.
After using, keep the apparatus and chemicals in their original
places.
Make sure the place to conduct the experiments is always neat and
clean.
Wash all the apparatus and throw away waste materials according
to the correct procedures.
Wash your hands with soap and water before leaving the laboratory.
B: LABORATORY APPARATUS AND EQUIPMENT
apparatus are most important things in any laboratory. Therefore, the
following are the apparatus and their uses used in science laboratory;
1. The goggle
The goggles protect us from eye irritation that may arise from any
chemical or fumes present there.
it also protects us from the blindness of the eyes.
2. Microscope
A microscope is a very basic and needful equipment which it is used
in magnifying lenses to observe a tiny specimen.
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2. Test tubes and test tube racks
Test tubes are usually cylindrical pipes made up of glass, with a
circular opening on one side and a rounded bottom on the other.
They are functional from storing to mixing reagents in any chemical
or biological reactions.
The test tube rack is the equipment functional in holding the test
tubes.
3. Dissecting tool kit
dissecting tool kit used for specimen dissection.
dissecting tool kit usually contains of a scalpel, pins, probes,
scissors, a glass slide, a dissecting knife, coverslips, etc.
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4. Hot plate
This equipment is used to heat materials in the science laboratory,
mostly glassware’s and their contents.
5. Electronic balance
These weighing machines are used to find the mass of a
specimen.
6. Forceps
They are helpful in picking up small objects.
7. Beakers
Beakers are cylindrical utensils
They are used to hold, heat, or mix substances
They are also used to measure substance
8. Conical flasks
Conical flask, also known as Erlenmeyer flask, is an apparatus
having a flat bottom and a long narrow neck.
They allow easy mixing of the solution without spilling out the
content
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9. Evaporating dish
This equipment is used to evaporate liquids out of sample
substances.
10. Funnels
Funnels are necessary equipment to pour substances and
solutions in narrow-mouthed test tubes and conical flasks.
There is a variety of its available, most common ones are filter,
thistle, and dropping funnels.
11. Graduated cylinders
These are some cylindrical apparatuses dealing with proper
measurement of a specific volume of liquid with precision.
13. Droppers and pipettes
The dropper It is used to put the liquids or solutions in any
medium
Pipettes sed for measuring an exact volume of liquid and placing
it into another container.
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14. Dissecting pan
This is used as a pan on which the specimen is kept while it is being
dissected to study its internal organs.
15. Glass slides and coverslips
The microscope slides are used to support an item being examined
under the microscope.
The coverslips are used to cover specimens on the glass slide to
protect from further addition of any chemical or dirt and also to give
better view under the microscope.
16. Inoculating loops and petri dishes
The inoculating loop is a small apparatus that is used to spread
bacteria on a petri dish or a glass slide.
The petri dish are small glass plates with a glass cover and they are
used to culture micro-organisms inside.
17. Spatulas and scopulas
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The spatulas are usually resistant to heat and acids, hence making
them suitable for large range use in the laboratory experiments.
18. Thermometer
Thermometer used to measure the temperature of the required
solution
19. Bunsen burner or alcohol burner
This apparatus produces a single open flame and it is used for
heating and sterilization purposes in the various experiments
conducted in labs.
