TOPIC 9: WORKING AND EARNING (U27)

TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST

WORDS ENGLISH MEANING EXAMPLE VIETNAMESE
MEANING
1. ambition something that you want to do or She had fulfilled her lifelong - hoài bão
(n) /æmˈbɪʃn/ achieve very much ambition.
2. application (n)a formal (often written) request We have received applications - đơn xin việc
/ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ for something, such as a job, from more than 3 000
permission to do something or a students.
place at a college or university
3. bank account an arrangement that you have I want to open a bank account. - tài khoản
(np) with a bank that allows you to ngân hàng
/ˈbæŋk əkaʊnt/ keep your money there, to pay in
or take out money, etc.
4. boss (n) /bɒs/ a person who is in charge of I'll ask my boss if I can have the - chủ
other people at work and tells day off.
them what to do
5. career (n) /kə the series of jobs that a person She plans to pursue a career in - sự nghiệp,
ˈrɪə(r)/ has in a particular area of work, medicine. nghề nghiệp
usually involving more
responsibility as time passes
6. colleague a person that you work with, We were friends and - đồng nghiệp
(n) /ˈkɒliːɡ/ especially in a profession or a colleagues for more than 20
business years.
7. company a business organization that It is the world's largest - công ti, doanh
(n) /ˈkʌmpəni/ makes money by producing or software company. nghiệp
selling goods or services
8. contract (n) an official written agreement All employees have a written - hợp đồng
/ˈkɒntrækt/ contract of employment.
9. department a section of a large organization He is a lecturer in the - bộ, ban,
(n) /dɪ such as a government, business, department of psychology at ngành, khoa
ˈpɑːtmənt/ university, etc. Trinity College, Dublin.
10. deserve to do something or show You deserve a rest after all that - xứng đáng
(v) /dɪˈzɜːv/ qualities that mean a particular hard work.
reaction, reward or punishment
is appropriate
11. earn (v) to get money for work that you She earned a living as a part- - kiếm tiền,
/ɜːn/ do time secretary. kiếm sống
12. fame (n) the state of being known and She went to Hollywood in - danh tiếng,
/feɪm/ talked about by many people search of fame and fortune. tiếng tăm
13. goal (n) something that you hope to My job is to help businesses - mục tiêu
/ɡəʊl/ achieve meet their goals.
14. impress if a person or thing impresses We interviewed a number of - gây ấn tượng
(v) /ɪmˈpres/ you, you admire them or it candidates but none of them
impressed us.
15. income (n) the money that a person, a Average household income fell - thu nhập
/ˈɪnkəm/; region, a country, etc. earns from slightly.
/ˈɪnkʌm/ work, from investing money,
from business, etc.
16. industry the production of goods from The banks lend money to - công nghiệp
(n) /ˈɪndəstri/ raw materials, especially in commerce and industry.
factories
17. interview (v, a formal meeting at which She's been called for (an) - phỏng vấn,
n) /ˈɪntəvjuː/ somebody is asked questions to interview. cuộc phỏng
see if they are suitable for a vấn
 particular job, or for a course of
study at a college, university, etc.
18. leader (n) a person who leads a group of He was elected as leader of the - người dẫn
/ˈliːdə(r)/ people, especially the head of a Democratic Party. đầu, lãnh đạo
country, an organization, etc.
19. manager a person who is in charge of The company always needs - người quản lí
(n) running a business, a shop or a project managers.
/ˈmænɪdʒər/ similar organization or part of
one
20. pension an amount of money paid The party promised to increase - lương hưu
(n) /ˈpenʃn/ regularly by a government or the basic state pension by £15
company to somebody who has a week.
retired from work
21. poverty the state of being poor Many elderly people live in - sự nghèo đói,
(n) /ˈpɒvəti/ poverty. tình trạng
nghèo
22. pressure the act of trying to persuade or to We are determined to keep up - áp lực
(n) /ˈpreʃər/ force somebody to do something the pressure on the other
member states.
23. previous happening or existing before the No previous experience is - trước, cũ
(adj) /ˈpriːviəs/ event or object that you are necessary for this job.
talking about
24. profession a type of job that needs special She was at the very top of her - nghề, nghề
(n) /prəˈfeʃn/ training or skill, especially one profession. nghiệp (cần
that needs a high level of tay nghề cao, kĩ
education năng)
25. retire (v) /rɪ to leave your job and stop He is retiring next year after 30 - nghỉ hưu
ˈtaɪər/ working, especially because you years with the company.
have reached a particular age or
because you are ill; to tell
somebody they must stop doing
their job
26. salary (n) money that employees receive The average monthly salary for - tiền lương
/ˈsæləri/ for doing their job, especially an unskilled worker is $550.
professional employees or
people working in an office,
usually paid every month
27. staff (n) all the workers employed in an The hospital staff cared for me - nhân viên
/stɑːf/ organization considered as a so well.
group
28. strike (n) a period of time when an Air traffic controllers are - sự đình công
/straɪk/ organized group of employees of threatening to go on strike.
a company stops working
because of an argument over pay
or conditions
29. tax (n, v) money that you have to pay to He was criticized for putting a - thuế, thu thuế
/tæks/ the government so that it can pay new tax burden on the poor.
for public services. People pay
tax according to their income and
businesses pay tax according to
their profits. Tax is also often
paid on goods and services.
30. wealthy (adj) having a lot of money, The deal is about to make him - giàu sang
/ˈwelθi/ possessions, etc. a very wealthy man.
PHRASAL VERBS
WORDS ENGLISH MEANING EXAMPLE VIETNAMESE
MEANING
1. call off - cancel They called off the meeting. - hủy bỏ
2. give back - return sth you have Could you give me back my - trả lại
taken/borrowed pen?
3. go on - happen What's going on here? - xảy ra
4. put off - delay to a later time Don’t put off what you can do - hoãn lại
today till tomorrow.
5. set up - start (a business, organisation, The company set up a - bắt đầu, thành
etc) manufacturing operation in lập
Lisbon.
6. stay up - go to bed late I stayed up late to watch - thức khuya
cartoon.
7. take away - remove No government shall take away - xóa bỏ, lấy đi
the rights of the native people.
8. take over - take control of (a business, etc) Gerald Ford took over the - tiếp quản
presidency after Nixon
resigned.

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
WORDS EXAMPLE VIETNAMESE MEANING
1. at the moment I am reading books at the moment. - ngay bây giờ
2. in charge of She is in charge of your English class. - chịu trách nhiệm, phụ trách
3. on business He is on business in Hue with his partner. - đi công tác
4. on strike Air traffic controllers are threatening to go - đình công
on strike.
5. on time The train arrived right on time. - đúng giờ
6. on duty Who's on duty today? - đang làm việc/nhiệm vụ
7. off duty What time do you go off duty? - nghỉ làm, hết giờ làm

WORD PATTERNS
WORDS EXAMPLE VIETNAMESE MEANING
1. careful with sth Please be careful with my glasses. - cẩn thận với cái gì
2. difficult for sb Asking for help is extremely difficult for some - khó cho ai
people.
3. fed up with I'm fed up with my job. - chán ngấy
4. ready for Are you ready for the race? - sẵn sàng
5. responsible for Nurseries are responsible for the children in - có trách nhiệm
their care.
6. apply for She applied for admission to law school. - nộp đơn xin
7. depend on He still depends on his parents. - phụ thuộc vào
8. inform sb about The leaflet informs customers about healthy - thông báo cho ai về cái gì
eating.
9. refer to Patients should be referred to a specialist pain - giới thiệu đến
clinic.
10. work as My son is working as a teacher. - làm việc như là
11. work for She works for an engineering company. - làm việc cho
12. a kind of What kind of house do you live in? - loại, kiểu

WORD FORMS
1. assist /əˈsɪst/ (v) giúp đỡ
2. assistant /əˈsɪstənt/ (n) người phụ tá, người giúp đỡ
3. assistance /əˈsɪstəns/ (n) sự giúp đỡ
 4. beg /beɡ/ (v) xin, cầu xin, ăn xin
5. beggar /ˈbeɡər/ (n) người ăn xin
6. boss /bɒs/ (n) người chủ
7. bossy /ˈbɒsi/ (adj) hách dịch, người thích chỉ huy
8. employ /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ (v) thuê, mướn
9. employment /ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ (n) việc, công việc
10. unemployment /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ (n) sự thất nghiệp, không có việc làm
11. employer /ɪmˈplɔɪər/ (n) giám đốc, người sử dụng lao động
12. employee /ɪmˈplɔɪiː/ (n) nhân viên
13. unemployed /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/ (adj) thất nghiệp, không có việc
14. fame /feɪm/ (n) danh tiếng, tiếng tăm
15. famous /ˈfeɪməs/ (adj) nổi tiếng
16. occupy /ˈɒkjupaɪ/ (v) chiếm, làm bận rộn
17. occupation /ˌɒkjuˈpeɪʃn/ (n) nghề nghiệp, công việc, việc làm; sự chiếm đóng
18. office /ˈɒfɪs/ (n) văn phòng
19. officer /ˈɒfɪsə(r)/ (n) nhân viên, viên chức, sĩ quan
20. official /əˈfɪʃl/ (adj) chính thức, chính thống; (n) viên chức, quan
chức
21. unofficial /ˌʌnəˈfɪʃl/ (adj) không chính thức, không chính thống
22. retire /rɪˈtaɪər/ (v) nghỉ hưu, về hưu
23. retired /rɪˈtaɪəd/ (adj) đã nghỉ hưu
24. retirement /rɪˈtaɪəmənt/ (n) sự nghỉ hưu, sự về hưu
25. safe /seɪf/ (adj) an toàn
26. save /seɪv/ (v) cứu, lưu
27. safety /ˈseɪfti/ (n) sự an toàn
28. unsafe /ʌnˈseɪf/ (adj) không an toàn
29. succeed /səkˈsiːd/ (v) thành công
30. success /səkˈses/ (n) sự thành công
31. successful /səkˈsesfl/ (adj) thành công
32. unsuccessful /ˌʌnsəkˈsesfl/ (ad) không thành công

TEST FOR UNIT 27 - DESTINATION B1

ERROR IDENTIFICATION (5)

Question 1. She is very ambition but I doubt she’ll ever make it to the top.
A. ambition B. doubt C. make D. to
Question 2. Experts seem unable to agreeing whether the drug is safe or not.
A. seem B. agreeing C. unable D. safe
Question 3. Two million people in the city live in abject poor.
A. million B. live C. in D. poor
Question 4. With their natural resources they are potentially a very wealth country.
A. With B. resources C. wealth D. potentially
Question 5. When a child, I was very bossy and had a clear idea of what I wanted.
A. When B. was C. bossy D. what

WORD PATTERNS (8)

Question 6. I get fed up ________ television quiz shows.
A. with B. on C. to D. about
Question 7. I have decided to apply ________ this new job.
A. of B. for C. on D. with
Question 8. He either resigned or was sacked, depending ________ who you talk to.
A. about B. of C. on D. to
Question 9. The leaflet informs customers ________ healthy eating.
A. from B. for C. to D. about
Question 10. My father wants me to work ________ him when I leave school.
A. for B. to C. from D. on
Question 11. Mike is responsible ________ designing the entire project.
A. to B. for C. on D. at
Question 12. Patients should be referred ________ a specialist pain clinic.
A. about B. from C. for D. to
Question 13. Asking for help is extremely difficult ________ some people.
A. by B. to C. for D. on

PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (13)

Question 14. I'm afraid the master is away ________ business.
A. on B. for C. by D. to
Question 15. I wish you'd stop criticizing me ________ the time.
A. every B. all C. total D. full
Question 16. We are working under extreme pressure at the ________.
A. present B. now C. second D. moment
Question 17. What time are you on ________ tomorrow?
A. average B. purpose C. duty D. work
Question 18. For these guys, business is ________ and worker safety is not important.
A. business B. work C. sale D. duty
Question 19. Leave the ironing for the time ________ - I'll do it later.
A. going B. being C. working D. running
Question 20. It is ________ time for the critics to open their minds to a new approach.
A. plenty B. full C. high D. tall
Question 21. Secret information allowed the police to be ready and ________ when the robbers came out of
the bank.
A. chasing B. moving C. working D. waiting
Question 22. The city's bus drivers have been on ________ for three weeks.
A. strike B. job C. board D. fight
Question 23. Could you lend me a couple of pounds, by any ________?
A. opportunity B. chance C. occasion D. luck
Question 24. After three days lost in the mountains, all the climbers arrived home safe and ________.
A. volume B. accent C. sound D. voice
Question 25. I think it's ________ to say we expect the same kind of growth in the next quarter.
A. weird B. wild C. dangerous D. safe
Question 26. The hotel was a real ________ from home.
A. home B. house C. tent D. hut

VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (8)

Question 27. You can't expect to ________ a living from your painting.
A. earn B. have C. take D. do
Question 28. I haven't had much ________ from my stocks and shares this year.
A. outcome B. income C. career D. job
Question 29. Since ________ from the company, she has done voluntary work for a charity.
A. working B. doing C. retiring D. graduating
Question 30. Your ________ will be paid on the third week of each calendar month.
A. charge B. fee C. tax D. salary
Question 31. The help that the government gives the industry amounts to an indirect ________.
A. subsidy B. salary C. pension D. wage
Question 32. He has a(n) ________ next week for the manager's job.
A. gossip B. interview C. communication D. speech
Question 33. He was arrested for ________ evasion.
A. money B. tax C. pension D. salary
Question 34. It's true she made a mistake but she hardly ________ to lose her job.
A. desires B. wants C. deserves D. needs

PHRASAL VERBS (8)

Question 35. The football match was ________ because of bad weather.
A. called off B. called on C. called for D. called up
Question 36. I've ________ talking to him about this for far too long.
A. set off B. set up C. put on D. put off
Question 37. The hospital has ________ a special fund to buy new equipment.
A. put off B. called off C. set up D. put on
Question 38. The army is threatening to ________ if civil unrest continues.
A. set up B. take over C. stay up D. put off
Question 39. We can't ________ like this—we seem to be always arguing.
A. go on B. go off C. go by D. go up
Question 40. I'll give you some tablets to ________ the pain.
A. take on B. take away C. take up D. take off
Question 41. I used to ________ late with my mom and watch movies.
A. take up B. call off C. stay up D. get up
Question 42. When can you ________ the money that you owe?
A. give out B. give away C. give up D. give back

SYNONYM (3)
Question 43. Scientists are now working with colleagues in Arizona to develop a working model.
A. co-workers B. coward C. leaders D. managers
Question 44. It's time to change your profession for something more exciting.
A. pension B. work C. income D. goal
Question 45. Don't let anything call off your attention from your studies.
A. retire B. continue C. cancel D. impress

WORD FORMATIONS (3)

Question 46. The law requires ________ to offer a safe work environment.
A. employment B. unemployed C. employ D. employers
Question 47. The book ________ beautifully in presenting the problem before us.
A. succeeds B. success C. successful D. successfully
Question 48. Many people feel ________ walking alone at night.
A. safety B. unsafe C. save D. safely

ANTONYM (2)
Question 49. Wealthy countries have a responsibility to promote fairer world trade.
A. rich B. poor C. well-off D. moneyed
Question 50. We've had to put off our wedding until September.
A. postpone B. delay C. continue D. cancel

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