PRIMERA REGLA (PRESENTE PERFECTO PASIVO)
SUBJECT + THAT/WHERE/WHO + HAVE BEEN + PAST PARTICIPLE +
COMPLEMENT
HA SIDO + VERBO
1. Se elimina el pronombre relativo ( That, where, who) y el have
been dejando solo el verbo en past participle
The projects that have been completed will be presented
tomorrow.
Los proyectos que han sido completados pueden ser
presentados mañana.
R// The projects completed Will be presented tomorrow.
Books that have been borrowed from the library must be
returned by tomorrow
Libros que han sido borrados en la librería deben ser devueltos
mañana
R// Books borrowed from the library must be returned by
tomorrow.
SEGUNDA REGLA (PRESENTE SIMPLE ACTIVO)
Cuando el verbo en la clausula relativa esta en presente simple activo
(who + verb) se puede reducir reemplazando el Who + verb con el
presente participio (+ing)
SUBJECT + THAT/WHERE/WHO + VERB IN PRESENT +
COMPLEMENT
Students who need extra help should ask the teacher
R// Students needing extra help should ask the teacher.
Those who want to take the test on Saturday, please
come speak to me.
R// Those wanting to take the test on Saturday, please
come speak to me.
Everyone who uses this lab has to be very careful with the
equipment
R// Everyone using this lab has to be very careful with the
equipment.
TERCERA REGLA (VERB TO BE + PRESENT VERB )
SUBJECT + THAT/WHERE/WHO + VERB TO BE + PRESENT VERB
+ COMPLEMENT
Si el verbo to be está en presente (am, is, are) Y se usa junto con un
verbo en su forma base (infinitivo o en presente), se puede reducir
eliminando el pronombre relativo (who, that, where) y el verbo "to
be".
The students who are studying in the library need silence.
R// The students studying in the library need silence.
CUARTA REGLA (VERB TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE VERB )
SUBJECT + THAT/WHERE/WHO + VERB TO BE + PAST
PARTICIPLE VERB + COMPLEMENT
Cuando tienes la estructura subject + that/who/where + verb to
be + past participle, es una voz pasiva en presente o pasado, y
la regla para reducirla es eliminar el pronombre relativo (that,
who, where) y el verbo "to be" (am, is, are, was, were), dejando
solo el participio pasado del verbo. Esto hace que la oración se
vuelva más concisa.
subject + that/who/where + verb to be + past
participle,
The books that are read by many people are interesting.
R// The books read by many people are interesting.
Students who are sent away to school are often homesick
R// Students sent away to school are often homesick.
QUINTA REGLA (DON´T + VERB) PRESENTE NEGATIVO
SUBJECT + DON’T + VERB TO BE + COMPLEMENT
Cuando la oración está en voz activa con un verbo en presente
negativo ("don't need"), puedes eliminar "who" y el verbo auxiliar
("don't"), dejando un participio presente ("needing") con "not" al
inicio.
Students who don't understand the lesson should ask questions.
R// Students not understanding the lesson should ask
questions.
People who don't need foreign languages often don't study them
R// People not needing foreign languages often don’t study
them.
