Western Mindanao State University

College of Engineering

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Normal Road, Baliwasan, Zamboanga City

AUTOMATED DRAINAGE WASTE ACCUMULATOR: PROVIDING A SAFER

AND CLEANER DRAINS FOR FLOOD PREVENTION

A PROJECT PROPOSAL TO THE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

WESTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

ZAMBOANGA CITY

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS IN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PROJECT PROPOSAL

ABULE, JOHN EDIL ROY M.

BARSANAS, NATHANIEL P.

EDDING, HAYSRA B.

LIMARE, ARJOHN NIÑO E.

MARIWA, MOHAMMAD NAIF H.

MARTINEZ, FATIMA JEMIMAH M.

MASILLAM, MOHAMMAD SADEQ M.K.

MOSCOSO, REMIE LYOD V.

MOSSOH, SHERIMAR S.

PIOQUINTO, JOHN RAFAEL A.

TIMBAYAN, AL-QADAR I.

TINAN, ERNICKSON JAY B.

RESEARCHERS
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Garbage remains as the problem that every individual are still facing today. It is close

to everyone who lives in the world because people will always produce trash every day. Due

to the daily production of waste by people, it is close to everyone who lives in the world.

Solid waste management remains a major challenge in the Philippines especially in urban

areas. Improper wastes disposal, inefficient waste collection and lack of disposal facilities are

among the dominant concerns in the country’s solid waste management. Unless these are

addressed, the waste generated from various sources will continually lead to health hazards

and serious environmental impacts such as ground and surface water contamination, air

pollution and spread of diseases. Sometimes it will result to a flooding. It was not just the

rains that caused the severe flooding as solid waste was equally to blame. Many waterways

and drains are clogged with solid waste, which does not allow water to freely flow to outlets

and pumping stations. That is why people should give attention on drainage system and

create an equipment to at least maintain the cleanliness of our drains so that water can freely

pass.

To address these challenges, this research proposes the development of an Automated

Drainage Waste Accumulator (ADWA). This innovative system aims to improve drainage

cleanliness and minimize flood risks by mechanizing the process of waste collection and

management.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Flooding is a major challenge in urban areas, often resulting from blocked drainage

systems caused by debris such as plastics, leaves, and other waste. These obstructions

hinder the proper flow of rainwater, leading to floods. Traditional drain cleaning methods,

which depends on manual labor or limited mechanical equipment, are both inefficient and

reactive, addressing blockages only after they occur.

The Automated Drainage Waste Accumulator (ADWA) presents an effective solution

by utilizing automated mechanisms to collect and store waste in drains before it causes

blockages. Installed within existing drainage networks, the system would continuously

manage waste buildup without the need for manual intervention.

In addition to preventing flooding by keeping drains clear, the ADWA would also

collect valuable data on the types and amounts of waste entering the system, aiding urban

planners in developing more effective waste management strategies. This research will

assess the feasibility, environmental impact, and advantages of the Automated Drainage

Waste Accumulator, positioning it as a safer, cleaner approach to flood prevention and

urban drainage management.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to innovate a mechanize drainage system waste accumulator that will

primarily depend on electricity, with a wet cell battery serving as a backup power source. The

system is designed to manage waste accumulation in drainage systems, particularly during

heavy rains, to prevent blockages that often lead to flooding. By ensuring continuous
operation, the automated system aims to reduce manual maintenance, which is both time-

consuming and labor-intensive. The researchers aim to answer the following questions:

1.2.1. Does the 3HP motor can hold the required weight of waste to be collected?

1.2.2. How does the motor control the waste collection mechanism in terms of its precision,

speed, and load capacity?

1.2.3. Does the 500 watts solar panel can use as an alternative source of power?

1
1.2.4. Does the pitch of the gear can properly hold the roller chain?
2

1.2.5. Does the collecting bin can really hold the maximum weight of the waste being

collected?

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The primary objective of this study is to design and innovate a mechanized drainage

system waste accumulator that utilizes electricity as its main power source, with a wet cell

battery serving as a backup. The system aims to address drainage blockages caused by waste

accumulation, particularly during heavy rains, to help prevent flooding. By automating the

waste collection process, the system is expected to reduce reliance on manual labor, making

maintenance more efficient and less time-consuming.

Specifically, the study aims to:

1. To assess the capacity of the 3HP motor to support and manage the required weight of
the collected waste.
2. To evaluate the motor’s ability to control the waste collection mechanism in terms of
precision, speed, and load handling.
 3. To determine the feasibility of using a 500-watt solar panel as an alternative power
source for the system.
4. To analyze whether the gear pitch effectively holds and operates the roller chain.
5. To test the durability and capacity of the collecting bin to hold the maximum weight
of accumulated waste.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance of this study lies in its potential to address the critical challenges

of solid waste management and drainage system maintenance in urban areas, particularly in

the Philippines. With improper waste disposal and inefficient waste collection posing serious

health and environmental risks, the proposed Automated Drainage Waste Accumulator

(ADWA) system offers a timely solution. By automating the collection of waste in drainage

systems, this innovation aims to reduce blockages that contribute to flooding, and mitigate

health hazards associated with stagnant water and pollution.

In addition to addressing environmental and health concerns, this study has

significant socio-economic implications. By reducing the need for manual labor in waste

collection and drainage maintenance, the ADWA system can minimize labor costs and reduce

the risks faced by workers engaged in hazardous conditions. This innovation not only

streamlines the waste management process but also enhances worker safety and productivity.

This research contributes to a broader understanding of urban sustainability and

resilience, providing a model that can be adapted and implemented in other cities facing

similar waste management challenges. By fostering a cleaner and more efficient drainage

system, this study aims to promote healthier urban environments, protect public health, and

support sustainable development initiatives. Through its multifaceted approach, the

for comprehensive solutions to urban waste management and environmental protection.

1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This prototype cover its capacity to accumulate 3 kilos of waste per collector bin.

Wastes to be collected will depends on what type of garbage can be seen under the drainage

system. It also includes such as the size of the object to be collected (e.g. wood log) that the

rake could not hold it. Nevertheless, there are certain limitations to be consider including the

diameter of the drains, which is the standard size of the open drainage in the country was 3ft

in width and 5ft in height. The solar panel that is attached to the prototype covers its capacity

to operate 1.5 kWh per one and a half hour.

Propeller - a mechanical device with blades that, when spun, creates a force due to a pressure

difference, driving movement.

Wet Cell Battery - a device that serves as an energy storage system using a liquid electrolyte

like lead-acid mixed with water that produces electricity to provide power for electronic

devices.

DC Motor - is an electrical machine that transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy

by creating a magnetic field that is powered by direct current.

Sewage - a form of waste water made up of liquid waste from residences, businesses, and

other facilities

Accumulator - is a device that is used to gather waste

Sensor - is a device that detects and responds to changes in its surroundings by turning

physical changes into electrical signals.

Drainage system - is the system or process by which water or other liquids wastes are drained

from a place.

Tangible - a thing that can be perceived or touch and produce a valuable asset.
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

In exploration, the researchers found out the list of the machines that already exist that

accumulate also solid waste from the drains. Researchers are prompted to investigate ways to

address the issue when a nation’s rapidly expanding economy also indicates the fast rising

number of waste that were contributed to the environment. This chapter presents a brief

review of literature and studies, both local and foreign that is related to these studies.

According to Kumar (2020), these days practically every one of the cycles are being

automatized yet the seepage cleaning framework in our nation is still totally manual. The

proposed idea in this paper is to automatize the current manual seepage cleaning framework

that is existing in our country. The "Programmed Seepage Cleaning Framework" is expected

to be utilized in the channels and sewer lines which are obstructed by the plastic and drifting

flotsam and jetsam. The arrangement proposed in this paper is to plan a vehicle which is fit

for gathering the plastic and drifting squanders. This vehicle depends on idea of 'Mr. Garbage

Wheel'. The framework comprises of raspberry pi which goes about as the cerebrum by

controls the whole cycle and squanders will be gathered utilizing a transport component. Two

engines will be utilized for the movement of framework and for transport system. The vehicle

moves along channels in water gathering the losses into a receptacle and this canister will be

checked ceaselessly utilizing an ultrasonic sensor.

Drainage systems assumes a crucial part in all homegrown and modern applications

in the legitimate removal of sewage from homegrown, businesses and plugs are as yet a

difficult undertaking. Seepage pipes are utilized for removal, and it is conceivable that human
existence might be lost while clearing blockages in the waste framework. This study centers

around private and modern waste in a more steady, savvy, and effective way. The cleaning

capabilities successfully during weighty downpours when there is a greater volume of

streaming water containing rubbish and a higher speed. The likelihood of laborers having

sicknesses or becoming harmed because of gigantic volumes of trash and synthetic

compounds will be diminished. This venture could be done with a total distribution of

financial assets, machines, supplies, and money, as well as sticking to the time moving

concentrate exactly and making our task as savvy and proficient as possible with the assets

we had. The self-loader seepage cleaning framework utilizes a computerized cleaning

framework that permits liquids to move through yet gathers huge strong squanders like jugs

and plastic. So rather than cleaning the whole waste surface, workers can simply clean these

gathering receptacles introduced at the areas. Each gathering teeth takes 12 s to lift each loss

from the base to the top and how much waste gathered in the gathering receptacle is around

8-9 kg. The hour of gathering waste is least. This method has been effectively planned,

produced, and tried, and it performs successfully (Raveendran et al., 2022)

One of the serious issues of Philippines is confronting right presently is the

unfortunate drainage system and ill-advise garbage removal. Trash tossed in the streams as

well as trenches may hinder the streams as well as it welcomes the rodents to contaminate the

water and before long be moved to human. Waste framework is a fundamental piece of living

as it lessens flood dangers and flood harm via diverting water. Waste trenches are introduced

generally close to a street. It is organized to control and quantify the water stream. It is an

untamed stream whose design is to convey water starting with one spot then onto the next.

These waters might come from or associated into a private channels, gathering channels,

territorial channels, waterway and streams, or inlets (Tungal, 2017).

squander collection in tending to the difficulties of sewage removal and waste administration

in modern and business applications. The proposed frameworks intend to supplant manual

work with mechanized frameworks, which are intended to beat constant issues and limit the

rising sewage issues from ventures that influence the general climate. The writing likewise

underscores the requirement for monetary improvement, foundation advancement, hardware

updates, and limit working for proof based direction and execution observing in squander the

executives.

According to the Department of Environment and Natural Resources Secretary

Maria Antonia Yulo-Loyzaga, the country generates at least 61,000 million metric tons of

waste daily, 24 percent of which is plastic waste. 33% of it goes to open dump, 37.6% of it

goes to sanitary landfill, 5.5% of it goes to composting, 13.5% of it goes to recycling and

11.4% of it will go to the drains. About 20% of 61,000 million metric tons of waste ends up

in our oceans. The secretary said it during her message for “Earth Day 2024” on 22 nd day of

April, 2024.
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

3.1 RESEARCH LOCALE

The fabrication and design of the initial prototype take place at Gov. Ramos Ave. in

Barangay Santa Maria, Zamboanga City. The collection of data is carried out at Asinan in

Barangay Kasanyangan, Zamboanga City. Finally, the evaluation and testing of the prototype

are performed at the mentioned location where the collection of data was taken place. These

specific locations have been strategically chosen to facilitate the various stages.

3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN

In this study, the researchers will utilize constructive research design to gather data related to

the identified practical and theoretical problems within the current study. By leveraging the

constructive research design, aim to not only address the limitations of the existing study but

also to develop innovative solutions that can have tangible applications in the real world.

Through this process, the researchers hope to contribute towards the advancement of

knowledge in the field and ultimately create meaningful impacts on both theory and practice.

3.3 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

The researchers will gather quantitative data to determine the efficiency and effectiveness of

the prototype. This data will be analyzed and interpreted to make any necessary

improvements or adjustments to the prototype before finalizing its design. The researchers
will also consider feedback from test users to ensure that the prototype meets their needs and

expectations. Overall, the process of developing and evaluating the prototype will help the

researchers determine its feasibility and potential for practical application in real-world

situations.

3.4 GENERAL PROCEDURE

The researchers will create a letter that will be sent to the office of the College of Engineering

dean of Western Mindanao State University. The researchers will carry out a study to fulfill

the partial requirement of the College of Engineering. They will provide all the required

information. After collecting all the formal approval, they will collect all the materials

required for the study framework. Once they have collected the materials, they will organize

the materials and put together the proposed prototype. The researcher will then conduct the

assessment. They will observe and analyze lapses in the study. They will record all of the

necessary data on the prototype. After the assessment, they will list all lapses and errors that

they have observed. The researchers will analyze and interpret the gathered information. For

data display, researchers will use statistical tools like tables and graphs.

3.5 MATERIALS

Angle Bar Welded Wire Metal sheet

DC Motor Metal Screen Welding rod

Belt Stainless Rod Chains

Bolts & Nuts Sprockets Pulley

3.8 TECHNICAL COMPUTATION

horsepower to watts for further calculations if necessary:

1 hp = 746 W

3 hp = 3 x 746 = 2238 W

so, the motor provides 2238 W of power.

B. ) Motor RPM: The RPM (Revolutions per Minute) of the motor depends on its type, and

typically for a motor with 3 hp, the RPM could be anywhere from 1750 RPM to 3600 PM,

depending on the application. Without further specifications, we'll assume the motor operates

at 1750 RPM, which is typical for a 3 hp motor.

C.) Belt Frame: The size of the belt frame will depend on the torque and the system design

(load, waste handling). However, we can approximate based on general design criteria for 3

hp motors. For a system like a conveyor or pump: 1. Torque can be calculated from motor

power and RPM using the formula:

T xW
P=
3232

Where: *P is the motor power (in hp). *T is the torque (in Ib-ff), * w is the RPM (in

revolutions per minute). For a 3 hp motor running at 1750 RPM:

P x 5252 3 x 5252
T= T= = 9.0 lb-ft
RPM 1750

D.) Efficiency Based on Volume of Waste: For efficiency, we would need to consider the

system's overall design, including the motor power required to handle the volume or mass of

waste. Let's assume that the waste volume is given by the weight (5 kg), and the waste has an

average density of 1000 kg/m3 (like water, for simplicity). This gives us the waste volume:
 5 kg
m
V= = kg = 0.005 m3
p 1000 3
m

To determine the efficiency, we'd need to know the motor's output versus the amount of

waste volume it processes. For a typical system, we can say that motor efficiency » is the

ratio of useful power output to total power input. Efficiency in moving waste is a function of

various factors, including how much energy is lost to friction, mechanical losses, and other

system losses. Typically, a well-designed system can have an efficiency of 70-90%,

depending on the complexity of the process. We can estimate the mechanical efficiency as

follows:

useful power power for moving waste (W )

Without detailed system losses, we can assume a rough average efficiency of 80%. So: n=0.8

Thus, the motor's efficiency would be 80% in converting its input power to mechanical work.

3.9 FINANCIAL COMPUTATION

MATERIALS QUANTITY SPECIFICATIONS PRICE TOTAL

COST

Angle Bar 8 4inx4in,12ft ₱150.00 ₱1,200

Metal Sheet 1 t: 3 mm, 244 cm x 122 ₱120.00 ₱120.00

Sprocket 4 #40, pitch ½ “ ₱680.00 ₱2,720.00

Roller Chain 12 428-130L ₱218.00 ₱2,616.00

Stainless steel Rod 1 12mm ₱360.00 ₱360.00

Wire Screen 1 Stainless, 1/8” x 3 ft ₱110.00 ₱110.00

DC Motor 1 3HP Electric Motor ₱2,169.00 ₱2,169.00

28mm Shaft

Solar Panel 3 60-cell, 6×10 grid, 3.25 ₱870.00 ₱2,610.00

ft. x 5.5 ft, 500 watts

Metal Spray Paint 8 Black, 350 ml ₱129.00 ₱1,032.00

Welding Rod 3 E6013,2.5kilos ₱250 ₱750.00

Bolts & Nuts 20 3” x 12mm ₱40 ₱800.00

Pulley 2 A,2.5x12 ₱150 ₱300.00

Belt 1 A-25 ₱65 ₱65.00

Total: ₱14852.00

4.1 SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb Mar. Apr. May 1st week

Brainstorming

Initial Paperwork
Designing of Prototype

Title/ Thesis Defense

Prototype Fabrication

Testing of Prototype

Analysis of Data

Final Defense

4.2 REFERENCES

E-Books

Biala, J. (1998) Economic implications of separate collection and treatment of organic waste

materials. Waste Disposal and Water Management in Australia, March/April 1998, pp. 10–

25.

DPPEA (1997) Analysis of the Full Costs of Solid Waste Management for North Carolina

Local Governments. North Carolina Division of Pollution Prevention and Environmental

Assistance, USA
Bartone, C.R. (1999) Financing Solid Waste Management Projects in Developing Countries:

Lessons from a Decade of World Bank Lending. Proc. Organic Recovery and Biological

Treatment, ORBIT 99, Part 3. Rhombos, Berlin, pp. 757–765

Weber, B. and Holz, F. (1991) Disposal of leachate treatment residues. In: Biogas Disposal

and Utilisation, Choice of Material and Quality Control, Landfill Completion and Aftercare,

Environmental Monitoring. Third International Landfill Symposium, Sardinia, 14–18

October, pp. 951–960

Websites|

Tungal M. (2017) “Drainage Canal Waste Collector Machine”

https://steemit.com/science/@mikekenlytungal/drainage-canal-waste-collector-machine-or-

my-own-design-or-making-a-better-world-using-our-advanced-technology-or-could-this-be

Raveendran et al 2022 “Environmental Challenges” Volume 13

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010023000719

Pingol E. et al. (2019) “Automatic Canal Waste Collector”

https://manila.makerfaire.com/maker/entry/457/