Success and failure

2 VOCABULARY
describing
levels of per forma
nce

1 Read the three texts below. Which of the three sports would you This match between the Standers
be interested in seeing? Why? and the Rakers looks like a fight to
2 the finish! With three goals on each
1 Well, that was quite a race! side, it could easily end in a draw if
And that is … point and match! Maria Lara is Unfortunately, Jason Lee suffered neither team scores. Now the ball is
the winner! Maria was in great form again a loss today in the freestyle. He started in centre field, and with the teams
today against Kelly Tims. She was in the lead out strong but fell behind in the third neck and neck, the fans are going
from start to finish, and there was no doubt that lap and never managed to catch up. crazy! Johnson shoots … and no
the victory would be hers. She has been on an Sadly, Jason has been on a losing goal! It looks like the Standers and
amazing winning streak. In fact, she’s almost streak this month. In fact, coming the Rakers are an equal match,
undefeated this season with twelve wins in in second in the race in Brighton was since this is their third tie game this
a row. She is definitely a future champion. the best he has done in a long while. season.

2 In your notebook, match some of the 4 CD 1.09 Listen to a sportsperson talking about their career. Answer
words and phrases in bold from the texts the questions.
in exercise 2 with the definitions below. 1 What is the occasion of the interview?
1 be ahead in a competition 2 What does Jeremy say about his early winning streak?
2 finish a competition with the same 3 What position among players did Jeremy hold for most of his career?
score on both sides 4 According to Jeremy, what do the majority of young tennis players
3 be successful in competitions for a long dream about?
time 5 How does Jeremy feel about his career in general?
4 having lost no competitions 6 What is he planning to do next?
5 lose a competition
6 move into a lower position Vocabulary challenge! Unit 2, page 112, exercise 1
in a competition
7 reach a position equal to someone who 5 WHAT DO YOU THINK? Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
was ahead 1 Are you a sports spectator and fan? How do you react when your
8 a competition that continues until one team scores a big victory? How do you react when they are on
side wins a losing streak?
9 be close or tied to a competitor during 2 How important is it to fight to the finish? Is it ever OK to give up?
a competition In what circumstances?
10 having the same level of skill as another 3 Describe a situation in which you failed in something. How did you
competitor cope? How do you feel about it now?
3 In your notebook, complete the text with the words and phrases below.
lead victories winning undefeated loss fall second neck and neck match

Generally, athletes have very short careers. an end. ‘When you were an equal 6 for
They can be 1 at the age of 25, never a competitor, and then suddenly you 7

losing a contest – then they suddenly suffer behind, it’s hard to accept,’ one athlete says.
a serious 2 , or just come in 3 in a type Another retired athlete adds: ‘We all have
of contest where they are normally first, and to stop at some point. Just remember your
it looks like the beginning of the end. Some 8
and high points, and remind yourself
athletes want to keep trying. Maybe they that you were once 9 with the greatest
were in the 4 for so long that they can’t athletes in your sport. It’s not failure – it’s
accept that their 5 streak might be at just retirement!’

16 Sport Rozumienie ze słuchu Pytania otwarte

 LISTENING AND VOCABULARY
listening for gist and detail • competitive sports 2
Stop competing with others. 5 In your notebook, rewrite the sentences using
Start competing with yourself. the phrasal verbs below in the correct form.
Sophia Amoruso get into take up put together drop out of
take part in give up warm up catch on
1 Explain in your own words what the quote above 1 Sue decided to start playing polo after watching
means. Does it apply to your own life? How? a friend play.
2 Look at the picture. What sport is it? What do you 2 Do you think sepak takraw will become popular
think the rules might be? What other unusual sports in Poland?
can you name? 3 Tim had to stop running the race after he hurt
his foot.
4 I became interested in dance after seeing my sister
perform.
5 Our school doesn’t have a track team, so we are going
to organise one.
6 Because of my injury, I had to stop doing sports for
a while.
7 It’s important to prepare your body slowly before
strenuous exercise.
8 Sue is going to participate in her first swimming
competition tomorrow.

6 CD 1.11 Listen to the podcast. Answer the questions.

3 Listen to the interview and, in your
CD 1.10 1 What activities does Devin take part in?
notebook, complete the sentences.
2 What does he say is true of those activities?
1 The sport they are discussing is popular . 3 Who do you compete against in the activities Devin
2 Lucy first moved to Singapore when she . enjoys?
3 When Lucy first saw sepak takraw, she thought it . 4 Why are exam scores mentioned?
4 In sepak takraw, the winning team has to . 5 According to Devin, what should be appreciated rather
5 During the game, it is easy to get . than final sports or exam results?

4 CD 1.10 Listen again and choose the correct 7 CD 1.11 Listen again and, in your notebook,
answers. complete the sentences with the correct words.
1 Before taking up sepak takraw, Lucy 1 Devin believes that most people who follow sports
a knew a little about the sport. and losing.
b had not participated much in sports. 2 He is not sure if athletes are being they focus
c had played a similar sport. mainly on improving themselves.
d had seen it played on television. 3 He feels that athletes the attitudes of the public.
2 Which sentence is true regarding the rules of 4 Devin would prefer by how much they want to
sepak takraw? improve.
a Players must be replaced regularly during the
5 Devin believes that failure in becoming successful.
game.
b Players may only touch the ball with their 8 WHAT DO YOU THINK? Work in pairs and discuss
lower limbs. the questions.
c The ball must never touch the floor.
1 Do you agree or disagree with Devin’s opinions about
d A match can end in a draw. competing ? Why? / Why not?
3 What does Lucy say about getting ready for a match? 2 Do you think that failure can be a useful part of life?
a It needs no preparation at all. Why? / Why not?
b You can do a quick warm-up and stretch.
3 Consider this quote by Michael Jordan: ‘I can accept
c You should practise jumping and kicking. failure. Everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept
d You must take time to prepare your muscles. not trying again.’ How do you understand his words?
4 What does Lucy say about sepak takraw in the UK? Do you agree with them? Why? / Why not?
a It is already very well-known. 4 Do you think successful people should try to influence
b It is becoming increasingly popular. public opinion in fields other than their own; for
c It interests football fans. example, should famous athletes talk about politics?
d It is more or less unknown. Why? / Why not?

Sport Rozumienie ze słuchu Uzupełnianie zdań, Wybór wielokrotny, Pytania otwarte, Uzupełnianie luk 17
 2 GRAMMAR

Past tenses What’s right?

1 Have you ever taken part in a sporting event or another Did Susan win the swimming competition?
type of competition? Did you have to prepare before 1 Yes, she had been practising for months.
the competition took place? What was the result? 2 Yes, she has been practising for months.
2 LANGUAGE IN CONTEXT Read the text in exercise 3 3 Yes, she was practising for months.
and answer the questions.
1 What happened to Kristen yesterday? 5 PRACTISE In your notebook, complete the sentences
with the correct past tense form of the verbs in brackets.
2 Why didn’t her teachers want her to compete at
the age of thirteen? 1 (Colin / decide) which team he (want) to play
3 What happened in her first competition? How does for before he was drafted?
she explain it? 2 Jamie (go) to the rink, (put) on his skates and
(start) his warm-up routine.
3 CD 1.12 In your notebook, complete the article with 3 Dennis (try) to join the team three times before he
the correct past tense form of the verbs in brackets. was accepted.
Then listen and check.
4 Strangely, I (think) about Casey when she (call)
me with her news.
Figure-skater Kristen Lane 1 (practise), 5 Judy (swim) all morning, so she was very tired
as usual, early yesterday morning when when she came to class.
she 2 (hear) the news that the National 6 (you / watch) a match when the phone (ring)?
Skating Committee 3 (choose) her to be
on the national team. ‘I 4 (not expect) 6 In your notebook, translate the sentences into
to hear anything for days,’ the 16-year-old English.
skater said. ‘So I 5 (be) totally surprised. 1 Oni nigdy przed wizytą w Anglii nie widzieli meczu
I actually 6 (stop) skating for a while krykieta.
and 7 (sit) down to take in the news.’ 2 Lara biegała tylko rok, a już wygrała swój pierwszy
Kristen was a late starter by the standards wyścig.
of the figure-skating world. ‘I 8 (never 3 Tina przyjechała do Szwajcarii, pojechała samochodem
skate) at all before I turned ten years old,’ do ośrodka narciarskiego i od razu rozpoczęła trening.
she explains. ‘Then, my mum 9 (take) some friends and me 4 Całe życie podziwiałem Usaina Bolta, toteż spotkanie
to an ice rink for a birthday treat, and I was instantly hooked! z nim było zaszczytem.
I worked really hard to catch up with the other students. But 5 Kiedy Ted biegł szybko, przewrócił się, ale i tak dobiegł
when I 10 (want) to compete at the age of thirteen, my do mety jako drugi.
teachers told me I 11 (skate) long enough. They thought 7 NOW YOU DO IT Work in pairs. Speculate about the
I would be too nervous and have problems.’ following pictures. What had been happening before?
After Kristen convinced her teachers to let her enter one What happened? What was the result?
competition, she 12 (work) harder than ever. And to
They had been playing football for an hour when …
everyone’s surprise, she 13 (win) a medal. ‘I 14 (practise)
every day for about five hours, morning and evening, just
because I 15 (not want) to embarrass myself or my teachers.
I knew I was good, but it hadn’t occurred to me that I might win
anything!’

4 ANALYSE Find examples of the following structures

in the article in exercise 3.
1 past simple to describe a series of events that
happened one after another (and finished) in the past
2 past continuous to describe an event that was
interrupted by another past event
3 past simple to describe the event which interrupted
another event in the past
4 past perfect to describe an event which happened
before another past event
5 past perfect continuous to emphasise the duration/
length of the action

18 Sport, Zdrowie Znajomość środków językowych Układanie fragmentów zdań, Tłumaczenie fragmentów zdań
 2
Talking about present and past habits
1 Talk about a habit you currently have that involves 5 In your notebook, rewrite the underlined parts
sport or exercise. How often do you do it? Are there of the sentences. Use the structures for habits.
any activities you did in the past that you no longer
1 Sam once believed he could be a professional
keep up?
footballer, but later he realised he wasn’t skilled
2 CD 1.13 LANGUAGE IN CONTEXT Listen to two people enough.
talking about their exercise routines. Answer the 2 Sarah is in the habit of doing yoga every day before
questions. school.
1 How often did David use to run? How often does he 3 In the past, Kevin lost his temper when things didn’t
run now? go his way, and it got on everyone’s nerves.
2 What was Kim’s opinion of exercise before? 4 Some professional tennis players have the annoying
habit of shouting when they hit the ball.
3 What offer does David make?
6 In your notebook, translate the Polish parts of the
3 ANALYSE Go to the transcript on page 138. Copy
sentences in brackets into English.
and complete the table with the example sentences
for each structure. Then answer the questions. 1 When I was a little boy, I (miałem w zwyczaju
biegać) around for hours, but now I quickly get tired.
1 used to + verb 2 Mary (ciągle krytykuje) the way I play baseball.
2 would + verb It drives me crazy!
3 present simple with always, every day, often etc. 3 I don’t enjoy exercising, but I (codziennie chodzę
4 be + always + -ing form (past and present) na siłownię).
4 Tom (chodził na trening hokejowy) every weekend,
a Which structures do we use to talk about present
but lately he is more interested in swimming.
habits?
b Which structures do we use to talk about past habits? Grammar challenge! Unit 2, page 113, exercise 1
c Which structures do we use to talk about annoying
habits? 7 NOW YOU DO IT Work in pairs. Talk about the following
situations. Use the structures for habits.
Tip 1 Talk about an activity which you didn’t want to try in
• We use would to talk about habitual past actions, the past, but which you enjoy on a regular basis now.
but not states. 2 Describe three things which your sibling or close
I would go to the gym every morning.
friend does that really get on your nerves.
NOT I would feel tired when I didn’t exercise regularly.
• We don’t normally use would in negatives and 3 Imagine you are a professional sports star. Describe
questions with this meaning. the things you do on a daily basis.
I wouldn’t go to the gym every morning. 4 Talk about a dream or ambition you had when you
(= I don’t think it’s a good idea.) were younger which no longer seems possible.

4 PRACTISE In your notebook, complete the blog entry with the correct form of the words in brackets. Use the correct
structures to talk about habits. There may be more than one possible answer.

W hen I was a child, I 1

without even trying. I
my friends, and we 3
2
(get) plenty of exercise every day
(always run around) with
(play) football or basketball nearly
every day. But as a teenager, I have much less free time, so
I have to make an effort to keep in shape. With this in mind,
I 4 (exercise) at the local gym every morning, and I 5
(play) tennis with friends two evenings a week. I 6 (not
worry) about what I ate as a child either. Now I 7 (choose)
the healthiest foods I can find, and I 8 (never eat) more
9
than I need to just feel full. I admit that I (believe) that
I would stay healthy forever without any effort, but nowadays
I 10 (exercise) daily because I realise that I was wrong. Good
habits are the key to remaining strong and healthy – it doesn’t
happen by itself!

19
2 READING AND VOCABULARY
reading for gist and detail • dishonesty in sport

fouling match-fixing doping

1 Work in pairs and describe the pictures. Answer 3 Decide if the following statements refer to one,
the questions below. two or all three athletes described in texts A–C.
1 What do you think makes athletes or sports officials In your notebook, match each statement with one,
behave in a dishonest way? two or all three texts.
2 Can you give an example of an athlete or a team who 1 This person cheated to feel more self-confident.
have been found guilty of such dishonesty? What 2 This person suffered the consequences of their
happened? Were they punished? If so, how? dishonest behaviour.
3 This person’s actions provoked a strong reaction
2 Read the three texts. In your notebook, match them with
from the sports officials.
the correct headlines below. There are two extra headlines.
4 This person blamed someone else for what had
1 Paying the highest price happened.
2 Exposing a cheat by accident 5 This person’s case confirmed what had already
3 Giving the drugs up been suspected.
4 Buying success 6 This person wanted to change the situation they
5 Competing against the best were in.

A B
In July 2003, When Liliya Shobukhova, the second
Taylor Hooton, fastest female marathon runner in
a promising history, admitted to doping and bribery,
baseball player, it shocked the world of athletics. The
committed disbelief was even greater when the
suicide. He investigation into this scandal showed
had just turned that the athlete had been blackmailed
seventeen and by three top Russian IAAF officials
had a bright who, in exchange for the money,
future ahead covered up the irregularities in her C
of him. His biological passport (an electronic In 2016, Belgian cyclist Femke Van
parents were proud of their son’s hard record in which the results of doping den Driessche became famous for all
training regime and his achievements. tests are compared to detect illegal the wrong reasons. She was competing
However, what they did not suspect substances). When, in 2014, she in a top-level under-23 race when
she was forced to withdraw from the
was that Taylor had turned to refused to pay, she was banned from
competition because of a mechanical
performance‑enhancing drugs to competitive events for life. This is what
problem. Her bike was examined,
improve his muscle strength and made her come clean. Consequently,
and it turned out that it had been
self-esteem. Unfortunately, the drugs she was stripped of all her medals
fitted with a hidden motor. The
made Taylor suffer from terrible mood and titles. 19-year‑old claimed she had no idea
swings. When he was unable to cope However, there about it and that the bike must have
with his moods, he decided to quit was a positive been mistakenly swapped by her team
taking the drugs, and that’s probably outcome: the mechanic before the competition. The
what killed him. Taylor did not realise scandal exposed anti-doping authorities admitted they
that when you give up drugs suddenly, the enormous had speculated mechanical doping
you may become severely depressed. scale of doping was on the increase and that this
This case may be extreme, but it and corruption discovery would prompt them to run
discloses a worrying trend: the use of in Russian more checks on bikes. As for the cyclist
steroids among young people, who take athletics and herself, she was found guilty, suspended
muscle-building pills not only to boost made the World from further races and fined, but will
their athletic performance but also to Anti‑Doping this bring back faith in the sport of
gain more self-confidence and more Agency take tough cycling, which is already damaged by
sculpted bodies. action against it. cheating scandals?

20 Sport, ZDROWIE Rozumienie pisanych tekstów Dobieranie, Uzupełnianie luk, Uzupełnianie streszczenia
 Vocabulary development
2
4 In your notebook, complete the sentences with 7 In your notebook, match 1–8 with a–h to form phrases.
the information from the texts in exercise 2. Then translate the expressions into Polish.
Text A 1 turn a to bribery
1 Taylor Hooton was believed because he was 2 quit b of all the medals
such a successful baseball player. 3 boost c checks on something
2 What probably caused his death was the fact that 4 admit d to performance-enhancing drugs
and was unaware that this might deepen his
5 be banned e from further races
depression.
6 be stripped f taking drugs
Text B
7 run g for life
3 Liliya Shobukhova refused anymore, and that’s
why she came clean, which resulted in her ban 8 be suspended h one’s athletic performance
later on. 8 In your notebook, complete the sentences with
4 All her sports trophies as a result of the the phrases from exercise 7 in the correct form.
scandal.
1 The athlete . She said she had been forced to make
Text C the payments.
5 Femke Van den Driessche denied a hidden 2 Some athletes because they believe the substances
motor. will help them and, in this way, beat their opponents.
6 What happened just proved of the anti-doping 3 All the athletes who are found guilty of cheating should
authorities about mechanical doping. . They should lose every single one.
5 In your notebook, complete the email with the 4 The runner was only during this season, but I think
information from the texts in exercise 2. he should have been and never allowed to compete
again.
Hi Josh! 5 The officials had been suspecting mechanical doping for
a while, so they decided to bikes more frequently
How’s your project going? I’ve found some
to catch any dishonest cyclists.
information that you might want to use.
6 When athletes decide to suddenly, they often begin
I read about Liliya Shobukhova who 1 for years
to feel severely depressed.
before the truth came out. All the irregularities were
covered by Russian officials who kept 2 . When 9 Find words which were made from the following root
she finally said no to them, they disclosed the secret. words in the texts in exercise 2. What parts of speech are
‘Fascinating’ story of corruption, really! they? Translate them into Polish.
Then, there is the case of Femke Van den Driessche,
promise strong close sculpt believe regular
a cyclist whose lies hit the headlines. Her bike was
compete mistake discover
fitted with a hidden motor, which helped her 3 .
Although she denied all the charges, she 4 . Perfect
Vocabulary challenge! Unit 2, pages 112–113, exercises 2, 3,
for your presentation, isn’t it?
4 and 5
Last but not least, have you heard of Taylor Hooton’s
case in the USA? This young baseball player 10 Read the information about steroid abuse among teens
committed suicide after he had stopped taking drugs below. Record a short clip to be used as part of a social
which were meant 5 . He didn’t know they might campaign to alert young people to the dangers of steroid
lead 6 which then make you feel emotionally abuse. Include the information below. Present it in class.
unstable.
• Explain how dangerous the problem is.
Any good? Let me know.
• Say what makes young people turn to
Best, performance‑enhancing drugs.
Sylvia • Warn peers about the consequences of taking such drugs.
• Suggest where to turn to for help.
6 Work in pairs and answer the questions.
STEROID ABUSE AMONG TEENS / YOUTH
1 Based on the texts, what are the techniques (12–19 years old)
athletes use to cheat in sports competitions?
2 What punishment should dishonest About one in 20 teenagers have used steroids
sportspeople receive?
It takes about 1 second to find steroids for sale online!
3 Does it matter whether or not athletes
cheat as long as they provide us with good Reasons: to look more attractive, to have better results
entertainment? Why? / Why not? in sports competitions, to boost self-esteem
4 Some people say that it’s winning, not taking
part, that matters in sport. To what extent do Consequences: mood swings, aggression, oily skin and acne,
you agree with this statement? depression, paranoia, hyperactivity

21
2 SPEAKING
agreeing and disagreeing • developing points in the task

1 Work in pairs and describe the pictures. Which activities would you choose for a school sports day? Why?

1 2 3

2 CD 1.14 Listen to students doing the task below. 5 Work in pairs. You are organising an arts day at your school and
Which points do they agree on? Which points do discussing the details with a friend. Which of the ideas would
they disagree on? you use to discuss each of the three points below? Can you
think of any alternative ideas for each topic? Give reasons to
Jesteś członkiem samorządu szkolnego, który support your answers.
organizuje w szkole Dzień Sportu. W rozmowie
z innym członkiem samorządu omów poniższe • Date of the event: end of the term / second week of the winter term
cztery kwestie: • Location: gymnasium / art classrooms
• What to do to promote the event: flyers / school website / school
1 umiejętności, jakie organizatorzy pragną
newspaper / local radio / posters
promować podczas Dnia Sportu,
2 osoby, które zaangażujecie do organizacji tej 6 In pairs, role-play dialogues to discuss the plans for the arts
imprezy, day. Use the ideas you have chosen in exercise 5 and phrases
3 (nie)przyznawanie nagród, from exercise 4.
4 sposób, w jaki będziecie promować to 7 CD 1.15 Listen to two students discussing the arts day at
wydarzenie. school. Did they reach the same solutions you did? If not, how
did your ideas differ? What factors influenced your choices?
3 CD 1.14 Listen again. Answer the questions. CD 1.15 Listen again. Choose the correct words to complete
8
1 What does the girl suggest including in the the phrases with would that the students use and write them in
activities in the end? What reasons does she your notebook.
give?
2 What activities could the students do? 1 I would think / say that the end of the term …
3 What does the boy suggest giving as prizes? Why? 2 I’d picture / imagine that everyone will be less busy …
4 In what two ways do the pair want to promote 3 Wouldn’t it be / go better to do it as far from exam …
the event? 4 What would you think / imagine of doing it during
the second week …?
4 In your notebook, complete the sentences with 5 I’d have / been thought that it would be pretty booked up …
the correct words or phrases. Check your answers 6 How would you predict / prefer to let parents …
in the transcript on page 138. 7 OK, if you wouldn’t matter / mind typing up our ideas, …
Phrase Bank
9 Work in pairs and role-play the speaking task below.
Raising a point
Use the language from the lesson.
So we’re 1 to discuss ideas for …
What 2 organising …? Twoją szkołę odwiedziła drużyna koszykówki ze szkoły
We need to 3 how to promote the event. w Anglii. Rozmawiasz z kolegą/koleżanką z klasy
Agreeing and disagreeing o przygotowaniu atrakcji, które urozmaicą wolny czas gości.
I’m not 4 I agree because … W rozmowie omówcie poniższe kwestie:
That’s an 5 idea! | OK, we’re in 6 about that. • jakie zajęcia zorganizujecie,
Oh no, I can’t go 7 with that. • kogo możecie zaprosić,
I’m 8 you, though, if you mean … • ile pieniędzy możecie wydać,
That would be 9 ! | That 10 work. • jak istotne jest zapoznanie gości z zagranicy z polską kulturą.

22 Sport, SZKOŁA Mówienie Rozmowa z odgrywaniem roli

 ENGLISH IN USE
practice 2
1 In your notebook, complete the text with the 3 In your notebook, complete the sentences with the
correct form of the words below. There are two extra correct form of the words in brackets. Add extra words
words. where necessary. Use no more than five words.
fit enable devote protest differ health 1 Kirstin won the race because she (practise /
let impress months) before the competition.
2 (you / use / play) outside a lot when you were
Not everybody is into sports, and not everybody younger?
is a 1 sports fan. 3 My brother (always / borrow) my tennis racket
There are millions of people in this world to whom without asking! How annoying!
sports competitions mean next to nothing and who 4 I (get into / swim) long before I joined this club.
remain 2 to what’s going on in the world of sport. It has always been my passion.
Some of these anti-fans are part of a community called 5 It was the second time this athlete (drop) of the
Sports Suck and run their own website by the same marathon because of an injury.
name. They call themselves reasonable people who 6 Luke (be / lead) since the race began. It looks like
believe in 3 but explain that they disapprove of he may win it.
competitive sport. They 4 against sports mania for
4 In your notebook, complete the second sentence
some time now and claim to have gained plenty of so that it means the same as the first using the words
supporters. Indeed, their website is full of letters and given. Use no more than five words. Do not change the
articles from individuals who criticise 5 competition word given.
in professional sport as well as badly‑behaved sports 1 Cycling to school or work has become popular
fans. The website also 6 the visitors to access in Poland. CAUGHT
a variety of interesting articles supporting their cause. Cycling to school or work in Poland.
They may exaggerate a bit, but they certainly offer 2 Diana has won a number of times recently. STREAK
a fresh perspective on sport. Diana has been recently.
3 The match was two hours long by the time it finished.
We were absolutely exhausted. PLAYING
We two hours before the match finished. We
were absolutely exhausted.
4 We spent our weekends playing outdoors when we
were children. SPEND
We outdoors when we were children.
5 John was slower than the other runners and did not
win anything. FELL
John and did not win anything.

5 In your notebook, translate the Polish parts of the

Watch out! sentences in brackets into English.
• We use the present perfect to talk about the first, 1 (To pierwszy raz gdy Helen wygrała) in a national
second, third etc. time something has occurred: championship.
It is the first / second / third time, e.g.
2 It was (pokonaliśmy już drugi raz) that team.
It’s the first time I’ve played cricket.
(= I’ve never played cricket before.) 3 (Rowerzysta został pozbawiony medali) after the
• Similarly, when the sentence begins with It was the doping scandal.
first / second / third time, we use the past perfect. 4 (Katie nie mogła zapomnieć) about her training
It was the second time I had come second in a race. session. She (pewnie jest) ill.
(= I had come second once before.) 5 You (zawsze przychodzisz spóźniona) for our
swimming practice sessions!
2 In your notebook, rewrite the sentences below, 6 Bill (oszczędzał od Bożego Narodzenia) to buy
using It is / was the first / second / third time … . a new bike. He finally (kupił go) last week.
It’s Natasha’s first time at such a big stadium. 7 Rita dropped her bag (gdy wsiadała do autobusu).
It’s the first time Natasha has been to such a big stadium.
6 WHAT DO YOU THINK? Work in pairs and answer
1 My sister has never taken part in a sports the questions.
competition before. 1 Do you support the ideas expressed by the group
2 It was our second time skiing in the Alps. Sports Suck? Why? / Why not?
3 It’s my first time in the gym. 2 Should children and teenagers be encouraged to play
4 It was Jack’s third foul in the match. competitive sports? Why? / Why not?

Sport Znajomość środków językowych Test luk (Dobieranie), Układanie fragmentów zdań, Transformacje zdań, Tłumaczenie fragmentów zdań 23
2 WRITING
an article

1 Look at the pictures connected to a well-known 3 Read the article in exercise 2 again and decide where
competitive triathlon event called Ironman. Work in each of the following paragraphs should start and end.
pairs and answer the questions. 1 Introduction 3 Paragraph 2
2 Paragraph 1 4 Conclusion

Three Races – One GOAL 4 In your notebook, match the article titles (a–e) with the
techniques which have been used to create them (1–5).
Which two titles could go with the article in exercise 2?
Why are the other answers wrong?
a Be sensible about it!
b Ready to risk it all?
c Iron Man Feels Ironed
d No Pain, No Gain
e To train or not to train
1 strong warning or a piece of advice
3.8 km 180 km 42.2 km marathon 2 question directed at the readers
swim bicycle ride without a break 3 idiomatic expression
4 play on words
1 What information about an Ironman Triathlon can 5 paraphrase of famous words / quotations
you gather from the pictures above? What aspects
of this event make it so challenging? 5 Work in pairs. Imagine you are going to write the
2 What may motivate people to participate in such following articles. What titles would you suggest for each
an event? one? Use some of the techniques from exercise 4.
3 What preparation does this competitive sports 1 an article about the attraction of extreme sports and
event involve? reasons why people take them up
2 an article about a famous sportsperson’s achievements
2 Read the writing task and the example article
and his / her influnece on young people
below. Find two elements of the task and answer
the questions (1–2).

Niedawno obejrzałeś/obejrzałaś film dokumentalny

na temat wyczynowego uprawiania sportu. Napisz
do gazety młodzieżowej artykuł i podaj przykład
sportowca, na życie którego sport wyczynowy
wywarł negatywny wpływ, oraz doradź czytelnikom,
w jaki sposób sport wyczynowy można uprawiać
bezpiecznie.

1 Who does the writer describe in the first part of

the article? What happened to this person?
2 What advice does the author give to people
practising competitive sport?

H ave you ever thought that being utterly determined to

accomplish something may not be a positive thing? How
about competitive sports? Shouldn’t they be viewed in terms
was suffering from a heart condition. What happened to Julian
should act as a warning to others who push their bodies to the
of the danger they pose to one’s health? My brother Julian had limit. First and foremost, if you are interested in a competitive
never been into sports until the day he announced that he had sport, you should undergo medical tests to ensure that your
decided to enter an Ironman competition. He explained that body can handle it. Apart from this, it is recommended that you
he craved challenge. Initially, he seemed sensible about it, but train under professional supervision and consult a dietician
in no time, he did nothing but train. The moment he finished to advise you on a healthy diet. Moreover, you ought to take
in the pool, he would go for a run and a bike ride. By the time frequent breaks to let your body rest. All in all, my brother’s
anyone realised it, he had become obsessed. Eventually, his story shows that overdoing exercise may do more harm than
body could not cope with this demanding exercise regime, good, and it seems vital to consider its negative effects before
and one day he collapsed in the gym. It turned out that he it is too late.

24 Sport, ZDROWIE Wypowiedź pisemna Artykuł

 2
6 Find the following items in the article in exercise 2 11 Choose the correct option to complete the text.
and answer the question. Write the answers in your notebook.
1 examples of three different past tenses and
a structure to describe past habits My sister 1was feeling / had
2 three phrases the writer uses to give advice been feeling low for some time
3 words and phrases which mean: and no one had any idea of how
a be dangerous to someone to help her. I knew she wanted
b want something very much a change in her life, so I said
c hard she should take up a sport.
d practise with the help of a professional 2
Initially / Eventually, she
e do too much of sth regarded the idea as ‘suitable
f make a situation worse instead of better
only for people with great
Why do you think the author of the article has used motivation’. However, after
such a wide range of vocabulary and grammar?
a few days, she said that she
7 Look at the three main stages in a typical narrative would try. She signed up for a karate course, and 3it was
sequence below. Identify which sentences in the not long before / as soon as she became fascinated by
article in exercise 2 correspond with each part of this sport. She did not mind all the hard training she
this sequence. 4
must do / had to do. She 5would spend / had spent
Set the scene (What led to the main events? What made a few hours in the karate club every day, and she never
the main character act in a particular way?) complained. Actually, 6the moment / soon afterwards
Describe the main events (What happened? How did the she took up karate, she grew more self-confident and
main character feel?)
became a more optimistic person. Her case proved that
Comment on what happened at the end of the story
(What happened at the end?) sport can have a great effect on a person. 7What is more /
Primarily, it can help people make a difference in their
8 In your notebook, match the highlighted phrases lives. All you need to do is to want a change! Then, even
from the article in exercise 2 with the expressions
hard exercise is not a problem.
from the Phrase Bank which have a similar meaning.

Phrase Bank
12 In your notebook, replace some of the highlighted
Narrating words and expressions from the text in exercise 11,
• in the beginning, originally, one day, 1 which have been repeated. Use the words below in
• within days, 2 , soon afterwards the correct form.
• when, as soon as, it wasn’t long before, 3
• in the end, finally, 4 suggest incredible crave start practising
• by then, until that moment, till the time when, 5 announce extraordinary demanding

13 Read the writing task and student’s notes below.

9 Find more examples of ordering linking devices in In your notebook, add your own ideas to each
the article in exercise 2 to complete the Phrase Bank. diagram. Then decide which ideas you could develop
Write the answers in your notebook. in your article.

Phrase Bank Czasopismo młodzieżowe ogłosiło konkurs na artykuł

o roli sportu w życiu młodych ludzi. Napisz artykuł
Ordering your points (200–250 wyrazów) do tego czasopisma i opisz
• first of all, in the first place, firstly, to begin with, 1 przypadek osoby, której życie pod wpływem sportu
• furthermore, additionally, besides (this), 2 zmieniło się na lepsze, oraz wyjaśnij, jakie korzyści
• in conclusion, to conclude, to sum up, to recap, 3 przynosi uprawianie sportu.

10 In your notebook, write a paragraph of an article overweight loses weight learn new skills
using the prompts below as well as the phrases from
exercise 9. my brother benefits
complains Jim
Sport / may have / positive influence / one’s mind and of sports
a lot joins
body. It / help / keep fit / lose weight. little
Sports activities / be said / build your character / teach the gym find a routine have a positive
self‑esteem in life body image
you / overcome obstacles.
People / play team sports / chance / make new friends.
Doing sport / certainly / benefit / individual / more ways 14 Use the ideas in exercise 13 or your own ideas
than one. to write the article.

25
2 REVIEW 2

Complete all the exercises on this page in your notebook.

1 Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions 4 Complete the text with the correct form of the words
only where necessary. in brackets. Use past tenses.
1 Unfortunately, more and more sportspeople turn
performance-enhancing drugs to boost their When Eric Moussambani Malonga went to the Olympics
athletic performance. in Australia in 2000, he 1 (never / take part) in
2 The match ended a draw, but it looked like a competition. In fact, he 2
(be) there only because
a fight the finish till the last minute. the International Olympic Committee 3 (set up)
3 The swimmer is great form, and that’s why he is a lottery system before to allow athletes from developing
the lead in this race. countries to compete on an international stage.
4 The runner was stripped all his medals and Moussambani, who is from Equatorial Guinea in Africa,
banned life after the doping scandal. 4
(swim) regularly since he left school, but he 5
5 Mark had been a winning streak for months, (not train) to compete in any sport.
so when he suffered a loss, it shocked everyone.
By the time he arrived in Sydney, he 6 (train) for less
6 The athlete was suspended further races
than three months, and he 7
(still / never / see) an
after she admitted bribery and doping.
 / 12 Olympic-size swimming pool. Obviously, he 8 (fail)
to qualify for the main events, but some members of the
2 Translate the Polish parts of the sentences in brackets public 9 (feel) inspired by his fighting spirit.
into English using the correct forms of the phrasal
 /9
verbs below. There are two extra phrasal verbs.
get into drop out of give up warm up catch on
fall behind catch up 5 Choose the correct option to complete the dialogue.
A What would you 1think / imagine of organising
1 Parkour (ostatnio stało się popularne) in Poland.
a sports day at the school gym? It is big enough.
2 I wasn’t able to compete with the others,
B I’m not sure I could 2go along / need with you on that.
so I (zrezygnowałam). 3
Couldn’t / Wouldn’t it be better to hold it outside,
3 The athlete (odpadł z) the marathon long before in the schoolyard?
the race finished.
A I’m 4for / with you, but what 5about / if it rains?
4 Charlie (rozgrzewał się) for an hour when The gym would be a safer option.
it started to rain.
B I heard that the weather will be fine next week,
5 When Jessica realised that she (zostaje w tyle), so it 6should / can work.
she sped up and overtook the runner in front. A Fine then, we are 7in / at agreement.
 /5
 /7
3 Correct five mistakes in the text.
6 Complete the text with the correct phrases using
the prompts in brackets. Then replace the words and
What’s the story of your sporting career? phrases in italics (a–g) to avoid repetition.
Mine is quite unusual. I was born in
a small village in Eastern Europe. HARRY’S BLOG 
I had to dream of leaving it for most
I a took up squash when I was 15. 1 (beginning),
of my childhood. I have been into
I found it rather difficult because it’s very hard to
sports since I could remember, so
when I turned 11, I decided to focus practise this sport professionally, and 2 (then),
on that and train hard to become a football player. My I hadn’t done much b hard exercise. However, 3
parents agreed to send me to football practice once (soon) I got used to it, it became easier. In fact, it
a week, but most of the time, I just should have played was not 4 (long) I learned most of the tricks of
in a field outside my house hoping against hope that this sport, and I enjoyed it a lot. Squash is a d great
c

someone would spot my talent. Surprisingly, my dreams sport. 5 (with), it keeps you fit. 6 (from) this, it
come true one day! During one of the football practices, improves your concentration and helps you feel e great.
the coach of the local team approached me and invited 7
(all), it’s a f great sport. I believe it’s really worth
me to a professional training session! I must have done taking up as long as you g don’t practise too much.
really well because they asked me to come again. After  / 14
that, I was coming every day, and I did my best to
impress my coach. Things just got better from then on.
Now I’m playing for a top team in the English Premier 7 Work in pairs and test each other.
League. Student A: go to page 123.
 /5
Student B: go to page 129.

26
 WORDLIST
2
Describing levels of performance / be suspended from further races ​/bi səˈspendɪd fighting spirit ​/ˈfaɪtɪŋ ˌspɪrɪt/ ​duch walki
Opis osiągnięć sportowych frəm ˌfɜː(r)ðə(r) ˈreɪsɪz/ ​zostać czasowo flyer ​/ˈflaɪə(r)/ ​ulotka
zawieszonym w zawodach from start to finish ​/frəm ˌstɑː(r)t tʊ ˈfɪnɪʃ/ ​
be an / no equal match (for sb) ​/bi ən, ˌnəʊ
boost your athletic performance ​/ˌbuːst jə(r) od początku do końca
ˌiːkwəl ˈmætʃ fə(r) ˌsʌmbədi/ ​być/nie być godnym
æθˌletɪk pə(r)ˈfɔː(r)məns/ ​poprawić swoje wyniki heart condition ​/ˌhɑː(r)t kənˈdɪʃ(ə)n/ ​choroba serca
przeciwnikiem (dla kogoś)
sportowe ice rink ​/ˈaɪs rɪŋk/ ​lodowisko
be in great form ​/bi ɪn ˌɡreɪt ˈfɔː(r)m/ ​być
competitive ​/kəmˈpetɪtɪv/ ​wyczynowy, ambitny incredible ​/ɪnˈkredəb(ə)l/ ​niewiarygodny,
w świetnej formie
disbelief ​/ˌdɪsbɪˈliːf/ ​niedowierzanie niezwykły
be in the lead ​/bi ɪn ðə ˈliːd/ ​prowadzić
disclose ​/dɪˈskləʊz/ ​ujawnić jump in ​/dʒʌmp ˈɪn/ ​wkroczyć, rzucić się w wir
be neck and neck (with sb/sth) ​/biː ˈnek ən ˈnek
discovery ​/dɪˈskʌv(ə)ri/ ​odkrycie keep in shape ​/ˌkiːp ɪn ˈʃeɪp/ ​utrzymywać formę
wɪθ ˌsʌmbədi, ˌsʌmθɪŋ/ ​iść łeb w łeb (z kimś/
irregularities ​/ɪˌreɡjəˈlærətiz/ ​nieprawidłowości lap ​/læp/ ​okrążenie
czymś)
mistakenly ​/mɪˈsteɪk(ə)nli/ ​błędnie, mylnie mood swings ​/ˈmuːd swɪŋz/ ​wahania nastroju
be on a winning / losing streak ​/bi ɒn ə ˌwɪnɪŋ,
promising ​/ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/ ​obiecujący, dobrze się no pain, no gain ​/nəʊ ˈpeɪn, nəʊ ˈgeɪn/ ​bez pracy
ˌluːzɪŋ ˈstriːk/ ​mieć dobrą/złą passę
zapowiadający nie ma kołaczy
catch up (with sb) ​/kætʃ ˈʌp wɪθ ˌsʌmbədi/ ​
quit taking drugs ​/ˌkwɪt teɪkɪŋ ˈdrʌɡz/ ​przestać overcome obstacles ​/əʊvə(r)ˌkʌm ˈɒbstək(ə)lz/ ​
nadrobić stratę, nadgonić, doścignąć
stosować doping pokonywać przeszkody
champion ​/ˈtʃæmpiən/ mistrz/mistrzyni; czempion
run checks on sth ​/rʌn ˈtʃeks ɒn ˌsʌmθɪŋ/ ​ overdo ​/ˌəʊvə(r)ˈduː/ ​przesadzić (z czymś)
come in first/second ​/kʌm ɪn fɜː(r)st, ˈsekənd/ ​być
przeprowadzać kontrole (czegoś) pose a danger ​/ˌpəʊz ə ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ ​stanowić
pierwszym/drugim na mecie
sculpted ​/ˈskʌlptəd/ ​wyrzeźbiony zagrożenie
end in a draw ​/ˌend ɪn ə ˈdrɔː/ ​zakończyć się
strength ​/streŋθ/ ​siła pursuit ​/pə(r)ˈsjuːt/ ​zajęcie, hobby
remisem
turn to performance-enhancing drugs ​/ˌtɜː(r)n push your body to the limit ​/ˌpʊʃ jə(r) ˈbɒdi
fall behind ​/fɔːl bɪˈhaɪnd/ ​pozostawać w tyle
tʊ pə(r)ˌfɔː(r)məns ɪnˌhɑːnsɪŋ ˈdrʌɡz/ sięgnąć po tʊ ðə ˈlɪmɪt/ ​doprowadzać ciało do kresu
fight to the finish ​/ˌfaɪt tʊ ðə ˈfɪnɪʃ/ ​walka do
środki dopingowe wytrzymałości
końca
put on an event ​/pʊt ˌɒn ən ɪˈvent/ ​zorganizować
in a row ​/ɪn ə ˈrəʊ/ ​kolejno, z rzędu Other words / Inne wyrazy imprezę, wydarzenie
suffer a loss ​/ˌsʌfə(r) ə ˈlɒs/ ​ponieść porażkę assign ​/əˈsaɪn/ ​przydzielić, wyznaczyć score ​/skɔː(r)/ ​wynik, punkt; zdobyć punkt
undefeated ​/ˌʌndɪˈfiːtɪd/ ​niepokonany athletics ​/æθˈletɪks/ ​lekka atletyka self-esteem ​/ˌself ɪˈstiːm/ ​poczucie własnej
victory ​/ˈvɪkt(ə)ri/ ​zwycięstwo be on the increase ​/ˌbi ɒn ðə ˈɪŋkriːs/ ​wzrastać, wartości
Competitive sports / ​Sporty wyczynowe rosnąć show off your skills ​/ʃəʊ ˌɒf jə(r) ˈskɪlz/ ​popisywać
birthday treat ​/ˈbɜː(r)θdeɪ ˌtriːt/ ​prezent się umiejętnościami
Phrasal verbs ​Czasowniki złożone
urodzinowy, niespodzianka urodzinowa stretch out muscles ​/ˌstretʃ aʊt ˈmʌs(ə)lz/ ​
catch on ​/kætʃ ˈɒn/ ​przyjąć się, zyskać
blackmail ​/ˈblækˌmeɪl/ ​szantażować rozciągać mięśnie
popularność
booked up ​/bʊkt ˈʌp/ ​całkowicie zarezerwowany tie game ​/ˈtaɪ ɡeɪm/ ​gra zakończona remisem
drop out of ​/drɒp ˈaʊt əv/ ​odpaść z, wycofać się z
collapse ​/kəˈlæps/ ​zasłabnąć, zemdleć train under professional supervision ​/ˌtreɪn
get into ​/get ˈɪntʊ/ ​zacząć coś, zainteresować się
come clean ​/kʌm ˈkliːn/ ​przyznać się, wyznać ʌndə(r) prəˌfeʃ(ə)nəl ˌsuːpə(r)ˈvɪʒ(ə)n/ ​trenować pod
czymś
prawdę okiem profesjonalisty
give up ​/gɪv ˈʌp/ ​zarzucić, przestać coś robić
competitor ​/kəmˈpetɪtə(r)/ ​uczestnik, zawodnik undergo medical tests ​/ʌndə(r)ˌɡəʊ ˈmedɪk(ə)l
put together ​/pʊt təˈɡeðə(r)/ ​zebrać, utworzyć
cool down ​/kuːl ˈdaʊn/ ​uspokoić się, ochłonąć ˌtests/ p​ rzechodzić badania lekarskie
(drużynę)
cover up ​/ˌkʌvə(r) ˈʌp/ ​tuszować (fakty), ukrywać upside down ​/ˌʌpsaɪd ˈdaʊn/ ​do góry nogami
take part in ​/teɪk ˈpɑː(r)t ɪn/ ​brać udział w
(prawdę) wing ​/wɪŋ/ ​skrzydło (budynku)
take up ​/teɪk ˈʌp/ ​zacząć (uprawiać),
crave ​/kreɪv/ ​pragnąć, łaknąć withdraw from sth ​/wɪðˈdrɔː frəm ˌsʌmθɪŋ/ ​
zainteresować się
demanding ​/dɪˈmɑːndɪŋ/ ​wymagający, trudny wycofywać (się) z czegoś
warm up ​/wɔː(r)m ˈʌp/ ​rozgrzewać się, robić
dietitian ​/ˌdaɪəˈtɪʃ(ə)n/ ​dietetyk
rozgrzewkę
do more harm than good ​/dʊ ˌmɔː(r) ˈhɑː(r)m ðən
Dishonesty in sports / Nieuczciwość w sporcie ˈgʊd/ ​przynosić więcej szkody niż pożytku
admit to bribery ​/ədˌmɪt tʊ ˈbraɪb(ə)ri/ ​przyznać exercise regime ​/ˈeksə(r)saɪz reɪˌʒiːm/ ​program
się do łapówkarstwa ćwiczeń fizycznych
be banned for life ​/bi ˌbænd fə(r) ˈlaɪf/ ​mieć expose ​/ɪkˈspəʊz/ ​ujawniać, demaskować
dożywotni zakaz extraordinary ​/ɪkˈstrɔː(r)d(ə)n(ə)ri/ ​niezwykły,
be stripped of all the medals ​/bi ˌstrɪpt əv ɔːl zadziwiający
ðə ˈmed(ə)lz/ ​zostać pozbawionym wszystkich faculty ​/ˈfæk(ə)lti/ ​wydział (na uczelni)
medali failure ​/ˈfeɪljə(r)/ ​porażka

Challenge! header ​/ˈhedə(r)/ ​główka (w piłce nożnej) satisfactory / unsatisfactory ​/ˌsætɪsˈfækt(ə)ri,

adventurous / unadventurous ​/ədˈventʃ(ə)rəs, lane ​/leɪn/ ​tor (np. na basenie) ˌʌnsætɪsˈfækt(ə)ri/ ​satysfakcjonujący /
ˌʌnədˈventʃərəs/ ​żądny przygód / banalny, legal / illegal ​/ˈliːɡ(ə)l, ɪˈliːɡ(ə)l/ ​legalny / nielegalny niezadowalający
konwencjonalny logical / illogical ​/ˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l, ɪˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l/ ​logiczny / satisfied / dissatisfied / unsatisfied ​/ˈsætɪsfaɪd,
backboard ​/ˈbækˌbɔː(r)d/ ​tablica (w koszykówce) nielogiczny dɪsˈsætɪsfaɪd, ʌnˈsætɪsfaɪd/ ​usatysfakcjonowany /
backhand ​/ˈbækˌhænd/ ​bekhend net ​/net/ ​siatka niezadowolony / niezaspokojony
backstroke ​/ˈbækˌstrəʊk/ ​styl grzbietowy penalty ​/ˈpen(ə)lti/ ​(rzut) karny satisfying / unsatisfying ​/ˈsætɪsˌfaɪɪŋ,
comfortable / uncomfortable ​/ˈkʌmftəb(ə)l, personal / impersonal ​/ˈpɜː(r)s(ə)nəl, ɪmˈpɜː(r)s(ə)nəl/ ​ ʌnˈsætɪsˌfaɪɪŋ/ ​porządny, dający dużo satysfakcji /
ʌnˈkʌmftəb(ə)l/ ​wygodny / niewygodny osobisty / bezosobowy niezadowalający
competitive / uncompetitive ​/kəmˈpetətɪv, pitch ​/pɪtʃ/ ​boisko serve ​/sɜː(r)v/ ​serwis; serwować
ˌʌnkəmˈpetətɪv/ ​wyczynowy, konkurencyjny / poles ​/pəʊlz/ ​kijki (narciarskie) shoot ​/ʃuːt/ ​strzelać (np. do bramki)
niekonkurencyjny prepared / unprepared ​/prɪˈpeə(r)d, ˌʌnprɪˈpeə(r)d/ ​ slalom ​/ˈslɑːləm/ ​slalom
defender ​/dɪˈfendə(r)/ ​obrońca przygotowany / nieprzygotowany slam dunk ​/ˈslæm dʌŋk/ ​wsad (w koszykówce)
dive ​/daɪv/ ​nurkować racket ​/ˈrækɪt/ ​rakieta (np. tenisowa) slope ​/sləʊp/ ​stok (narciarski)
downhill ​/ˌdaʊnˈhɪl/ ​zjazd, narciarstwo zjazdowe replaceable / irreplaceable ​/rɪˈpleɪsəb(ə)l, successful / unsuccessful ​/səkˈsesf(ə)l,
dribble ​/ˈdrɪb(ə)l/ ​kozłować (w koszykówce); ˌɪrɪˈpleɪsəb(ə)l/ ​wymienialny / niezastąpiony ˌʌnsəkˈsesf(ə)l/ ​odnoszący sukcesy / nieudany,
dryblować (w piłce nożnej) respected / disrespected ​/rɪˈspektɪd, ˌdɪsrɪˈspektɪd/ ​ przegrany
expensive / inexpensive ​/ɪkˈspensɪv, ˌɪnɪkˈspensɪv/ ​ szanowany, uznany / ignorowany, nieszanowany tolerant / intolerant ​/ˈtɒlərənt, ɪnˈtɒlərənt/ ​
drogi / niedrogi respectful / disrespectful ​/rɪˈspektf(ə)l, tolerancyjny / nietolerancyjny
flip turn ​/ˈflɪp tɜː(r)n/ ​nawrót (w pływaniu) ˌdɪsrɪˈspektf(ə)l/ ​pełen szacunku / lekceważący,
obraźliwy

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