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Biology

The document outlines the course 'Biology: Genetics, Evolution, and Molecular Biology' offered at the University of Cambridge, covering topics from cellular structures to molecular biology techniques. It includes an introduction to biological systems, fundamentals of genetics, and evolutionary mechanisms, along with case studies in medical and agricultural biology. The course emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of biology and discusses ethical implications and future research directions.

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Lim Shen Khai
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26 views3 pages

Biology

The document outlines the course 'Biology: Genetics, Evolution, and Molecular Biology' offered at the University of Cambridge, covering topics from cellular structures to molecular biology techniques. It includes an introduction to biological systems, fundamentals of genetics, and evolutionary mechanisms, along with case studies in medical and agricultural biology. The course emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of biology and discusses ethical implications and future research directions.

Uploaded by

Lim Shen Khai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Biology: Genetics, Evolution, and Molecular Biology

Cover Page
Title: Biology: Genetics, Evolution, and Molecular Biology
Course: BIO 301 – Advanced Biology
Professor: Dr. Marcus Li
Semester: Spring 2024
Institution: University of Cambridge

Table of Contents

1. Introduction to Biological Systems

2. Cellular Structures and Functions

3. Fundamentals of Genetics

4. Evolutionary Mechanisms and Natural Selection

5. Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications

6. Genomics, Proteomics, and Biotechnology

7. Case Studies in Medical and Agricultural Biology

8. Summary, Research Questions, and Further Resources

1. Introduction to Biological Systems

 Overview:

o The study of life from molecules to ecosystems.

 Historical Perspective:

o Milestones from cell theory to modern genomics.

 Interdisciplinary Nature:

o How biology intersects with chemistry, physics, and computer science.

2. Cellular Structures and Functions

 Cell Components:

o Detailed look at the nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum.

 Cell Processes:

o Cellular respiration, protein synthesis, and signal transduction.

 Diagrams:

o Annotated cell diagrams and flowcharts of metabolic pathways.


3. Fundamentals of Genetics

 Mendelian Genetics:

o Laws of inheritance, Punnett squares, and genetic probability.

 Molecular Genetics:

o DNA replication, transcription, and translation mechanisms.

 Practical Examples:

o Case studies of genetic disorders and trait inheritance.

 Reference: “Molecular Biology of the Cell” by Alberts et al.

4. Evolutionary Mechanisms and Natural Selection

 Theory of Evolution:

o Darwin’s natural selection, genetic drift, and mutation.

 Evidence:

o Fossil records, comparative anatomy, and molecular phylogenetics.

 Case Study:

o Adaptive evolution in finch populations and antibiotic resistance.

5. Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications

 Laboratory Methods:

o PCR, gel electrophoresis, DNA sequencing, and CRISPR gene editing.

 Data Analysis:

o Bioinformatics tools for genomic analysis.

 Real-World Applications:

o Personalized medicine and genetic engineering in agriculture.

6. Genomics, Proteomics, and Biotechnology

 Omics Technologies:

o High-throughput sequencing, microarrays, and mass spectrometry.

 Applications:

o Disease diagnosis, drug discovery, and biofuel production.

 Further Reading:

o “Genomes” by T.A. Brown.

7. Case Studies in Medical and Agricultural Biology

 Medical Advances:
o Gene therapy case studies and advances in cancer genomics.

 Agricultural Innovations:

o Genetically modified crops and sustainable farming practices.

8. Summary, Research Questions, and Further Resources

 Recap:

o Integration of cellular, genetic, and evolutionary biology concepts.

 Discussion Points:

o Ethical implications of genetic engineering and future research directions.

 Additional Resources:

o Journals like “Nature Genetics” and online courses from Coursera and edX.

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