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Management accounting problems
Management Accounting (Mahatma Gandhi University)
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COMPARATIVE BALANCE SHEET
N Previous Current Absolute percentag
o year year change. e
Particulars
A B C D
I.Equity& liabilities
1.shareholders fund
a. share capital xx xx xx xx
b.reserves and surplus xx xx xx xx
A. Total xx xx xx xx
2. Non-current liabilities
a. Long term borrowings xx xx xx xx
b. Long term provisions xx xx xx xx
B. Total xx xx xx xx
3. current liabilities
a.Short term borrowings xx xx xx xx
b.trade payable xx Xx Xx Xx
c.other current liabilities Xx Xx Xx Xx
d.short term provisions xx xx xx xx
C. Total xx xx xx xx
GRAND TOTAL (A+B+C) xx xx xx xx
II. ASSETS:
1. non current assets
a.fixed assets:
i. tangible assets Xx Xx Xx Xx
ii. Intangible assets Xx Xx Xx Xx
b.Non-current investments Xx Xx Xx Xx
c. Long term loans and xx xx xx xx
advances
A. Total xx xx xx xx
2. Current assets
a. Current investments Xx Xx Xx Xx
b. Inventories Xx Xx Xx Xx
c. Trade receivables Xx Xx Xx Xx
d. Cash and cash xx xx xx Xx
equivalants
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e. Short term loans Xx Xx Xx Xx
and advances
f. Othercurrent assets xx xx xx xx
B. total xx xx xx xx
Grand Total (A+B) xx xx xx xx
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF PROFIT & LOSS
Particulars N Previous Current Absolute increase
O Year Year change or
decrease
(%)
I. Revenue from Operations Xx Xx Xx Xx
II. Other Incomes xx xx xx xx
III. Total Revenue (I + II) xx xx xx xx
IV. Less: Expenses:
Cost of materials consumed Xx Xx Xx Xx
Xx Xx Xx Xx
Purchase of stock in trade Xxx Xx Xx Xx
Change in Inventories Xx Xxx Xx Xx
Employee Benefit Expense Xxx Xx Xx Xxx
Xxx Xxx Xxx Xxx
Finance costs
Depreciation and Amortization Xxx Xxx Xx Xx
expenses
Other expenses xx xxx xx xx
Total Expenses xx xx xx xx
V. Profit Before Tax (III – IV) xx xx xx xx
VI. Income Tax (xx) (xx) (xx) (xx)
VII. Profit After Tax (V - VI) xx xx xx xx
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COMMONSIZE BALANCE SHEET
Absolute Amounts %of balance sheet items
to the total
N
o
Particulars Current Current Previous Previous
year year year year
A B C D
I.Equity& liabilities
1.shareholders fund
a. share capital xx xx xx xx
b.reserves and surplus xx xx xx xx
A . Total xx xx xx xx
4. Non-current liabilities
a.Long term borrowings xx xx xx xx
b.Long term provisions xx xx xx xx
B. Total xx xx xx xx
5. current liabilities
a.Short term borrowings xx xx xx xx
b.trade payable xx Xx Xx Xx
c.other current liabilities Xx Xx Xx Xx
d.short term provisions xx xx xx xx
C.Total xx xx xx xx
GRAND TOTAL (A+B+C) xx xx 100 100
II. ASSETS:
1. non current assets
a.fixed assets:
i. tangible assets Xx Xx Xx Xx
ii. Intangible assets Xx Xx Xx Xx
b.Non-current investments Xx Xx Xx Xx
c. Long term loans and xx xx xx xx
advances
A. Total xx xx xx xx
3. Current assets
a.Current investments Xx Xx Xx Xx
b. Inventories Xx Xx
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Xx Xx
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c. Trade receivables Xx Xx Xx Xx
d.Cash and cash Xx xx Xx Xx
equivalants
e.Short term loans and Xx Xx Xx Xx
advances
f. Othercurrent assets xx xx xx xx
B.total xx xx xx xx
Grand Total (A+B) xx xx 100 100
Common size statement of profit & loss
Absolute amount % of revenue from
operations
Particulars N Previous Current Absolute increase
O Year Year change or
decrease
(%)
II. Revenue from Operations Xx Xx Xx Xx
II. Other Incomes xx xx xx xx
III. Total Revenue (I + II) xx xx xx xx
IV. Less: Expenses:
Cost of materials consumed Xx Xx Xx Xx
Xx Xx Xx Xx
Purchase of stock in trade Xxx Xx Xx Xx
Change in Inventories Xx Xxx Xx Xx
Employee Benefit Expense Xxx Xx Xx Xxx
Xxx Xxx Xxx Xxx
Finance costs
Depreciation and Amortization Xxx Xxx Xx Xx
expenses
Other expenses xx xxx xx xx
Total Expenses xx xx xx xx
V. Profit Before Tax (III – IV) xx xx xx xx
VI. Less: Income Tax (xx) (xx) (xx) (xx)
VII. Profit After Tax (V - VI) xx xx xx xx
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Previous Current Effect on Working
Items Year Year Capital
Increase Decrease
A. Current Assets
Cash in Hand
Cash at Bank
Marketable Securities
Bills Receivable
Sundry Debtors
Stock in Trade
Prepaid Expenses
Accrued Income
(A) Total
B. Current Liabilities
Sundry creditors
Bills payable
Bank overdraft
Outstanding Expenses
Dividend payable
Tax payable
Income Received in Advance
Short Term Borrowings
(B) Total
C. Working Capital (A - B)
D. Net Increase/Decrease in
working Capital
(E) Total
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CALCULATION OF FUNDS FROM OPERATIONS
Profit and Loss closing balance Xx
Less: Profit and Loss opening balance Xx
Xx
Current Year's Profit
Add: 1. Depreciation and Depletion xx
2. Amortization of Goodwill/Patent Right Xx
Xxx
3. Fictitious assets written off
Xx
4. Transfer to Reserve Xx
5. Proposed Dividend Xx
Xx
6. Provision for Tax
Xx
7. Loss on sale of assets Xx
8. Loss on sale of investments Xx
9. Interim Dividend paid Xx
Xx
10. Loss on Revaluation of Fixed Asset
11. Any other Non-cash Expenditure like Xx Xx
premium of Redemption of preference shares
and Debentures Xxx
Less: 1. Profit on sale of Fixed Assets Xx
2. Profit on sales of investments Xx
3. Dividend Received Xxx
4. Profit on Revaluation of Fixed Asset Funds Xxx xxx
from operation
xxx
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Calculation of funds from Operations
Net profit made during the year Xx
Add: 1. Depreciation on Fixed Assets Xx
2. Loss on Sale of Fixed Assets Xx
3. Loss on sale of Investments Xx
4. Goodwill written off Xx
5. Preliminary Expenses written off Xx
6. Discount on issue of shares Xx
or debentures written off Xx
7. Provision for Tax Xxx
Xxx
xx
Less: 1. Profit on Sale of Fixed Assets Xx
2. Profit on Sale of Investments Xx
3. Dividend Received Funds from operation Xx xx
xxx
CASH FLOW STATEMENT
Particulars
A. Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Cash Revenue from operations (Cash Sales) Xx
Cash Receipts from customers (Receipts from Debtors) Xx
Cash purchases Xx
Cash paid to suppliers (Payment to creditors) Xx
Cash paid to Employees Xx
Cash paid for operating expenses (Xx)
Cash generated from operations Xx
Income Tax paid (Xx)
Cash flows before Extra ordinary items Xx
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Extra ordinary receipt Xx
Extra ordinary payment (Xx)
(A) Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities xxx
B. Cash Flows from Investing Activities Xx
Proceeds from the sale of Tangible Fixed Assets Xx
Proceeds from the sale of Intangible Fixed Assets Xx
Cash paid for purchase of Tangible Fixed Assets (Xx)
Cash paid for Purchase of Intangible Fixed Assets (Xx)
Proceeds from the sale of Investments Xx
Cash paid for the purchase of Investment Xx
Interest received Xx
Dividend received xx
B) Net Cash Flow from Investing Activities xxx
Ć Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from the issue of Shares
Securities premium collected
Proceeds from the issue of Debentures
Proceeds from Long-term loans
Proceeds from Short-term borrowings
Redemption of Preference shares
Redemption of Debentures
Repayment of Long-term loans
Re-payment of short-term
Borrowings Interest paid on Borrowings
Dividend paid (Final Dividend paid and Interim Dividend
paid)
Increase in Bank Overdraft
Decrease in Bank Overdraft
(C) Net Cash Flow from Financing Activities Xx
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Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents Xx
(A+B+C)
Add: Cash and Cash Equivalents at the beginning of the xx
year
Cash and Cash Equivalents at the end of the year xx
CASH FLOW STATEMENT
Particulars
A. Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net Profit Before Tax XX
Add: Adjustment for Non-Cash and Non-operating Expenses
Depreciation Preliminary X
Expenses written off X
Discount on issue of Shares and Debentures written off X
Goodwill written off X
Patent Right written off X
Loss on sale of Investments X
Loss on sale of Fixed Assets X
Interest on Long Term Borrowings X
Any other Non-Cash item x xx
Less: Adjustment for Non-operating Incomes
Interest Received X
Dividend Received X
Gain on sale of Fixed Assets X
Rent Received x xx
Operating Profit or Loss Before Working Capital Adjustments
Add: Decrease in Current Assets X
Add: Increase in Current Liabilities (Except Bank overdraft) x xx
Xx
Less: Increase in Current Assets X
Less: Decrease in Current Liabilities x xx
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Cash Generated from operations Xx
Less: Income Tax paid (Xx)
Cash flow Before Extra Ordinary items Xx
Add/Less: Extra Ordinary items, if any xx
(A) Net Cash Flow from (used in) Operating Activities xx
B. Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Proceeds from the Sale of Tangible Fixed Assets X
Proceeds from the Sale of Intangible Fixed Assets X
Proceeds from the Sale of Non-Current Investments X
Interest Received on Investments X
Rent Received X
Dividend Received X
Purchase of Tangible Fixed Assets X
Purchase of Intangible Fixed Assets X
Purchase of Non-Current Investments X
(B) Net Cash Flow from (used in) Investing Activities xx
C. Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from issue of Shares X
Proceeds from issue of Debentures X
Securities premium collected X
Proceeds from Long-Term Borrowings X
Proceeds from Short-Term Borrowings X
Redemption of Preference shares X
Redemption of Debentures X
Repayment of Long Term X
Repayment of Short-Term Borrowings X
Interest on Long Term and Short-Term Borrowings paid X
Interest on Debenture paid X
Final Dividend paid X
Interim Dividend paid x
(C) Net Cash Flow from (used in) Financing Activities Xx
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Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents (A+B+C) Xx
Add: Cash and Cash Equivalents in the beginning of the year Xx
Cash and Cash Equivalents at the end of the year xx
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