List of sultans of Delhi

The Sultan of Delhi was the absolute monarch of the Delhi Sultanate which stretched over large
parts of the Indian subcontinent during the period of medieval era, for 320 years (1206–1526).[1][2]
Following the conquest of India by the Ghurids, five unrelated heterogeneous dynasties ruled over
the Delhi Sultanate sequentially: the Mamluk dynasty (1206–1290), the Khalji dynasty (1290–1320),
the Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1414),[3] the Sayyid dynasty (1414–1451), and the Lodi dynasty (1451–
1526). It covered large swaths of territory of modern-day India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.[4]

This list contains the rulers of Delhi Sultanate in chronological order.[5]

Mamluk dynasty (1206–1290) Sultan of Delhi

Sulṯan-i-Dihlī

Flag

Muhammad bin Tughlaq

1 February 1325 – 20 March 1351

Details

Style Sultan

Sultan of
Sultans

Shah

Ghazi

Khan

Sikander

Malik

First monarch Qutb ud-Din

Aibak
Last monarch Ibrahim Khan
Lodi

Formation 25 June 1206

Abolition 21 April 1526

(Total 319 years)

Residence Lahore
(1206–1210)

Badayun
(1210–1214)

Delhi
(1214–1327)

Daulatabad
(1327–1334)

Delhi
(1334–1506)

Agra
(1506–1526)

Appointer Hereditary
 End of
S/N Name of ruler Birth Date Death Date Beginning of reign Notes
reign

14
Qutb-ud-din 14 November
1 1150 25 June 1206 November
Aibak 1210
1210

2 Aram Shah 1176 June 1211 December 1210 June 1211

30 April Son-in-law of
3 Iltutmish 1192 30 April 1236 June 1211
1236 Aibak

19
Ruknuddin Firuz 19 November Son of
4 1211 30 April 1236 November
(Firuz I) 1236 Iltutmish
1236

15 October 20 April Daughter of

5 Razia Sultana 1205[6] November 1236
1240 1240 Iltutmish

Muiz ud din 15 May Son of

6 9 July 1212 15 May 1242 20 April 1240
Bahram 1242 Iltutmish

Son of
Ala-ud-Din 10 June
7 1227 or 1232 10 June 1246 May 1242 Ruknuddin
Masud Shah 1246
Firuz

Nasiruddin 18
18 February Grandson of
8 Mahmud Shah 1229 or 1230 10 June 1246 February
1266 Iltutmish
(Mahmud I) 1266

Turkish noble
Ghiyas ud din 13 January 13 January
9 1216 18 February 1266 in the court
Balban 1287 1287
of Iltutmish

Muiz ud din 1 February 1 February Grandson of

10 1269 13 January 1287
Qaiqabad 1290 1290 Balban

Shamsuddin 13 June Son of

11 1285/1287 13 June 1290 1 February 1290
Kayumars 1290 Qaiqabad
Khalji/Khilji dynasty (1290–1320)

Beginning of
S/N Name Birth date Death date End of reign Notes
reign

Jalal-ud-din Khalji
12 1220 19 July 1296 13 June 1290 19 July 1296
(Firuz II)

Son of Jalal-ud-din Khalji. He

Ruknuddin Ibrahim November ruled for a short time, not
– unknown 1297 19 July 1296
(titular) 1296 always indicating his names
on the lists.

4 January
13 Alauddin Khalji 1266 4 January 1316 19 July 1296 Nephew of Jalal-ud-din Khalji
1316

1310 or 5 January
14 Shihabuddin Omar 14 April 1316 14 April 1316 Son of Alauddin Khalji
1311 1316

Qutbuddin Mubarak
15 1299 9 July 1320 14 April 1316 1 May 1320 Son of Alauddin Khalji
Shah

Outside of the dynasties (1320)

Beginning of
S/N Name Birth date Death date End of reign Notes
reign

5 September He ruled for a short time and

16 Khusrau Khan unknown 1320 10 July 1320
1320 did not establish a dynasty.
Tughluq dynasty (1320–1414)

Beginning of
S/N Name Birth date Death date End of reign Notes
reign

8 September 1 February
17 Ghiyasuddin Tughluq unknown 1 February 1325
1320 1325

Muhammad bin
1 February 20 March
18 Tughluq (Muhammad c. 1290 20 March 1351 Son of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq
1325 1351
II)

Firuz Shah Tughlaq 20 September 23 March 20 September Son-in-law of Ghiyath al-Din

19 1309
(Firuz III) 1388 1351 1388 Tughluq

Tughluq Khan 20 September 14 March Grandson of Firuz Shah

20 unknown 14 March 1389
(Tughluq II) 1388 1389 Tughlaq

15 March 31 August Grandson of Firuz Shah

21 Abu Bakr Shah unknown after 1390
1389 1390 Tughlaq

Nasir ud din
20 January 31 August 20 January
22 Muhammad Shah III unknown Son of Firuz Shah Tughlaq
1394 1390 1394
(Muhammad III)

Ala ud-din Sikandar 22 January Son of Nasir ud din

23 unknown 8 March 1394 8 March 1394
Shah 1394 Muhammad Shah III

Nasir-ud-din Mahmud February Son of Nasir ud din

24 unknown February 1413 8 March 1394
Shah Tughluq 1413 Muhammad Shah III

Brother of Tughluq Khan.

Nasir-ud-din Nusrat Mahmud Shah's anti-king,
– unknown 1398 or 1399 January 1395 1398 or 1399
Shah Tughluq claimant to the throne, sub-
ruler.

Sayyid dynasty (1414–1451)

Beginning of
S/N Name Birth date Death date End of reign Notes
reign

25 Khizr Khan unknown 20 May 1421 28 May 1414 20 May 1421

19 February 19 February
26 Mubarak Shah unknown 21 May 1421 Son of Khizr Khan
1434 1434

Muhammad Shah February 1 January

27 unknown 1 January 1445 Grandson of Khizr Khan
(Muhammad IV) 1434 1445

1 January
28 Alam Shah unknown July 1478 19 April 1451 Son of Muhammad Shah
1445
Lodi dynasty (1451–1526)

Beginning of
S/N Name Birth date Death date End of reign Notes
reign

29 Bahlul Lodi 1420 12 July 1489 19 April 1451 12 July 1489

Sikandar Lodi 17 July 21 November 21 November

30 17 July 1489 Son of Bahlul Lodi
(Sikandar II) 1458 1517 1517

November
31 Ibrahim Lodi 1480 21 April 1526 21 April 1526 Son of Sikandar Lodi
1517
Family trees

Mamluk dynasty (1206-1290)

Mamluk dynasty
 Qutb ud-Din
Aibak
(1)

r. 1206-1210

Aram Shah
(2)

r. 1210-1211

Shams ud-
Din
Iltutmish
(3)

r. 1211-1236

Muiz ud-
Rukn ud- Nasir ud-
Razia Din
Din Din
Sultana Bahram
Firuz (5) (6)
Mahmud
(4) (8)
r. 1236-1240 r. 1240-
r. 1236 r. 1246-1266
1242

Ala ud-
Ghiyath ud-
Din
Din
Masud
(7)
Balban
(9)
r. 1242-
r. 1266-1286
1246

Nasir ud-
Din
Bughra
Khan

Muiz ud-Din
Qaiqabad
(10)

r. 1287-1290

Shams ud-
Din
Kayumars
 (11)

r. 1290
Khalji/Khilji dynasty (1290-1320)

Khalji dynasty

Yughrush

Jalal ud-
Din
Shihab ud-
Khalji
(12)
Din
Mas'ud
r. 1290-

1296

Ala ud-Din
Khalji
(13)

r. 1296-1316

Shihab Qutb ud-

Khusrau
ud-Din Din
Khan
Omar Mubarak (16)
(14) (15)
r. 1320
r. 1316 r. 1316-1320
Tughluq dynasty (1320-1414)

Tughluq dynasty

Ghiyath al-
Din
Tughluq I Malik Rajab
(17)

r. 1320-1325

Muhammad Firuz Shah

bin Tughluq Tughlaq
(18) (19)

r. 1325-1351 r. 1351-1388

Nasir ud-Din
Fateh Muhammad
Zafar Khan (22)
Khan
r. 1390-1394

Ghiyath Nasir ud-

Abu Bakr Ala ud-Din
ud-Din Din
Shah Sikandar
Tughluq II (21) (23)
Mahmud
(20) (24)
r. 1389-1390 r. 1394
r. 1388-1389 r. 1394-1414
Sayyid dynasty (1414-1451)

Sayyid dynasty

Khizr Khan
(25)

r. 1414-1421

Mubarak
Shah
(26)
Farid Khan

r. 1421-1434

Muhammad
Shah
(27)

r. 1434-1445

Ala ud-Din
Alam Shah
(28)

r. 1445-1451

Lodi dynasty (1451-1526)

Lodi dynasty

Bahlul
Khan Lodi
(29)

r. 1451-1489

Sikandar
Khan Lodi
(30)

r. 1489-1517

Ibrahim
Khan Lodi
(31)

r. 1517-1526
Sources

Dynastic Chart (https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_

V02_403.gif) , [1] (https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I
34_V02_404.gif) The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 2, p. 368.

"Sayyid dynasty" (https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sayyid-dynasty) . Encyclopedia Britannica.

Lodī dynasty (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/345985/Lodi-dynasty#ref222519) -

Encyclopædia Britannica

City List – Delhi Sultanate Rulers, First to Last (https://www.thedelhiwalla.com/2014/06/15/city-li

st-32-rulers-delhi-sultanate/)

The Delhi Sultanate : How Many Lists of Dynasties and Rulers Delhi Sultanate? (https://www.taks
hilalearning.com/the-delhi-sultanate-how-many-lists-of-dynasties-and-rulers-delhi-sultanate/)

References
1. Delhi Sultanate (https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/156530/Delhi-sultanate)
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150503182050/http://www.britannica.com/EBcheck
ed/topic/156530/Delhi-sultanate) 3 May 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopedia
Britannica

2. A. Schimmel, Islam in the Indian Subcontinent, Leiden, 1980

3. Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 68–102.
ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.

4. Chapman, Graham. "Religious vs. regional determinism: India, Pakistan and Bangladesh as
inheritors of empire." Shared space: Divided space. Essays on conflict and territorial
organization (1990): 106-134.

5. "‫ وجود‬- ‫( "سالطین دہلی‬https://www.wujood.com/87202/) . www.wujood.com (in Urdu). Archived

(https://web.archive.org/web/20231113030759/https://www.wujood.com/87202/) from the
original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.

6. Smithsonian "TIMELINES OF EVERYONE" (1st ed.). U.S. U.K.: DK. 2020. p. 63.
ISBN 9781465499967.
Other literature

Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. ISBN 978-9-38060-
734-4.