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English Sectional Test 01
Directions for questions 1 to 10: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
Although pollution of land, sea and air has been well documented, the latest and the best recognized version is the swelling tide of
noise which is engulfing urban as well as rural areas. This has long-term implications on the ecology, health and productivity of a fast
developing country like India.
Unlike other pollutants, noise lacks visibility, seldom registering on the consciousness, except as a trifling irritant to be dismissed at
will and therefore less likely to be perceived as a threat. Available data indicate that noise does pose a threat to health and is known
to have caused a number of complications. Declining productivity among workers in certain industries has been directly correlated
with noise levels, particularly those under constant exposure to the menace.
The first ever survey of noise on health, conducted by the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, has established that noise not only
impairs the physical and psychological functioning of the human organism, but also causes nausea, vomiting, pain, hypertension and
lot of other complications including cardio-vascular complaints. Experiments with animals elsewhere have shown that certain
intensities (levels) of noise cause convulsions and even death.
Besides affecting health, noise is also a significant factor in economic losses. According to Prof. Glorig, an international expert on
sound, "The potential cost of noise induced hearing loss to industry is greater than for any occupational disease." In the United
States alone, noise reportedly causes losses running into millions of dollars daily, affecting large segments of population.
A study by Post Graduate School of Basic Medical Sciences, in Chennai, confirms such conclusions. In 50 per cent of industries it
was found that workmen exposed to higher intensities of noise in occupational capacities, were often irritated, short-tempered and
impatient and more likely to resort to agitation and disrupt production. This was true of units in heavy industrial pockets in and
around the metropolitan centers.
The phenomenal growth in the volume of vehicular traffic has contributed rapidly to a demon of decibel in urban areas. Beginning
with pressure horns, there seems to be no let up in the production of more obnoxious variants to be sounded indiscriminately. The
idea is not to warn other motorists or pedestrians, but to frighten them out of the way. On its part, the administration is equally guilty
of overlooking defaulting horns and silencers.
Noise levels are particularly acute near railway junctions, traffic roundabouts, bus termini, transit areas, fish and vegetable markets.
Combined with lung power it exceeds 90dB at peak hours, representing a dire threat to patients and pregnant women in the vicinity.
Despite 'no horn' signs in prohibited zones near hospitals, asylums and elsewhere, indifferent drivers continue with the act. The
situation is worse in complexes located close to the airports as they are exposed to shattering blasts by jet aircrafts round the day.
Recreational noise, another ugly facet, is becoming more widespread in cities and towns. Loudspeakers are turned at full volume
during marriages, festivals, musical programs, particularly at night, without the least consideration for others. Even at 50 dB, sound
can awaken a person from deep slumber. As experiments have shown, loudspeakers with output from 60 to 80dB cause the pupils of
a slumbering person to dilate, with increasing intake of oxygen, resulting in palpitation. The effect is more pronounced in narrow
lanes. TV sets are played at full volume at prime time, invariably disturbing neighbors. Noise making seems to have become the
latest status symbol, be it an election campaign or slogan shouting or advertising ownership of a TV set.
A pilot survey carried out by the National Physical Laboratory concluded 'There is no marked vertical escalation of noise levels but
there is a horizontal spread encompassing more areas'. In other words, with increasing numbers of two, four and six wheelers on the
roads, noise levels have become uniformly high over large areas, doubling every six years for the last thirty years. At this rate the
day is not far off when hearing losses would be as common as the common cold.
Q 1. According to the passage, the effects of noise pollution have not been recognized because
a) noise as a source of pollution has not been investigated and documented and its ill effects are not very pronounced.
b) land, sea and air pollution have more severe consequences than noise pollution.
c) it being a part of everyday life, loud noise is regarded as more of a disturbance, and gets ignored, than a source of pollution.
d) it takes a long time for the ill effects of noise to come to surface.
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Q 2. According to the passage, which of the following is an implication for human health drawn from the experiments on animals?
a) Animals can also lose their hearing.
b) Loud noises of certain intensities can lead to complications and even death.
c) Certain intensities of noise caused convulsions and death in animals.
d) Animals also suffer from nausea, hypertension, loss of oxygen, etc.
Q 3. All of the following can be inferred as a consequence of noise pollution, except
a) declining productivity among workers exposed to high levels of noise.
b) economic losses resulting from noise-induced hearing loss.
c) production of more obnoxious variants of pressure horns.
d) disturbed neighbors because of TV sets playing at full volume at prime time.
Q 4. Which of the following is the correct meaning for the word 'variants'?
a) Various
b) Types
c) Different
d) Temperaments
Q 5. Some places where noise levels exceed 90 dB in the peak hours are
a) prohibited zones near hospitals, asylums and elsewhere.
b) playgrounds, parks and other such public places.
c) heavy industrial pockets in and around metropolitan centers.
d) railway junctions, fish and vegetable markets.
Q 6. How do loudspeakers with an output of 60 to 80 dB affect a person?
a) They cause a sleeping person's pupils to dilate.
b) They can cause convulsions and even death.
c) They can cause a person to become irritable and agitated.
d) They can impair physical and psychological functions.
Q 7. "There is no marked vertical escalation of noise levels but there is a horizontal spread encompassing more areas."
It can be inferred from the above sentence that
a)
due to an increase in vehicular traffic, high levels of noise are not concentrated anymore to particular areas and have become
uniformly high over large areas.
b) there has been no increase in the intensity of loud noise, just its wider geographical spread.
c) noise pollution is caused by overhead traffic, i.e. aeroplanes, helicopters, etc.
d) with the spread of industrial units and plants, levels of noise pollution have increased uniformly over previously quieter areas.
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Directions for questions 1 to 10: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
Although pollution of land, sea and air has been well documented, the latest and the best recognized version is the swelling tide of
noise which is engulfing urban as well as rural areas. This has long-term implications on the ecology, health and productivity of a fast
developing country like India.
Unlike other pollutants, noise lacks visibility, seldom registering on the consciousness, except as a trifling irritant to be dismissed at
will and therefore less likely to be perceived as a threat. Available data indicate that noise does pose a threat to health and is known
to have caused a number of complications. Declining productivity among workers in certain industries has been directly correlated
with noise levels, particularly those under constant exposure to the menace.
The first ever survey of noise on health, conducted by the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, has established that noise not only
impairs the physical and psychological functioning of the human organism, but also causes nausea, vomiting, pain, hypertension and
lot of other complications including cardio-vascular complaints. Experiments with animals elsewhere have shown that certain
intensities (levels) of noise cause convulsions and even death.
Besides affecting health, noise is also a significant factor in economic losses. According to Prof. Glorig, an international expert on
sound, The potential cost of noise induced hearing loss to industry is greater than for any occupational disease. In the United
States alone, noise reportedly causes losses running into millions of dollars daily, affecting large segments of population.
A study by Post Graduate School of Basic Medical Sciences, in Chennai, confirms such conclusions. In 50 per cent of industries it
was found that workmen exposed to higher intensities of noise in occupational capacities, were often irritated, short-tempered and
impatient and more likely to resort to agitation and disrupt production. This was true of units in heavy industrial pockets in and
around the metropolitan centers.
The phenomenal growth in the volume of vehicular traffic has contributed rapidly to a demon of decibel in urban areas. Beginning
with pressure horns, there seems to be no let up in the production of more obnoxious variants to be sounded indiscriminately. The
idea is not to warn other motorists or pedestrians, but to frighten them out of the way. On its part, the administration is equally guilty
of overlooking defaulting horns and silencers.
Noise levels are particularly acute near railway junctions, traffic roundabouts, bus termini, transit areas, fish and vegetable markets.
Combined with lung power it exceeds 90dB at peak hours, representing a dire threat to patients and pregnant women in the vicinity.
Despite no horn signs in prohibited zones near hospitals, asylums and elsewhere, indifferent drivers continue with the act. The
situation is worse in complexes located close to the airports as they are exposed to shattering blasts by jet aircrafts round the day.
Recreational noise, another ugly facet, is becoming more widespread in cities and towns. Loudspeakers are turned at full volume
during marriages, festivals, musical programs, particularly at night, without the least consideration for others. Even at 50 dB, sound
can awaken a person from deep slumber. As experiments have shown, loudspeakers with output from 60 to 80dB cause the pupils of
a slumbering person to dilate, with increasing intake of oxygen, resulting in palpitation. The effect is more pronounced in narrow
lanes. TV sets are played at full volume at prime time, invariably disturbing neighbors. Noise making seems to have become the
latest status symbol, be it an election campaign or slogan shouting or advertising ownership of a TV set.
A pilot survey carried out by the National Physical Laboratory concluded There is no marked vertical escalation of noise levels but
there is a horizontal spread encompassing more areas . In other words, with increasing numbers of two, four and six wheelers on
the roads, noise levels have become uniformly high over large areas, doubling every six years for the last thirty years. At this rate the
day is not far off when hearing losses would be as common as the common cold.
Q 8. According to the passage, what will be as common as common cold very soon?
a) Two, four, and six wheelers
b) Loudspeakers blaring music and speeches both during the day and at night
c) Hearing impairment disorders
d) Airplanes taking off every few minutes from the airport
Directions for questions 1 to 10: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
Although pollution of land, sea and air has been well documented, the latest and the best recognized version is the swelling tide of
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noise which is engulfing urban as well as rural areas. This has long-term implications on the ecology, health and productivity of a fast
developing country like India.
Unlike other pollutants, noise lacks visibility, seldom registering on the consciousness, except as a trifling irritant to be dismissed at
will and therefore less likely to be perceived as a threat. Available data indicate that noise does pose a threat to health and is known
to have caused a number of complications. Declining productivity among workers in certain industries has been directly correlated
with noise levels, particularly those under constant exposure to the menace.
The first ever survey of noise on health, conducted by the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, has established that noise not only
impairs the physical and psychological functioning of the human organism, but also causes nausea, vomiting, pain, hypertension and
lot of other complications including cardio-vascular complaints. Experiments with animals elsewhere have shown that certain
intensities (levels) of noise cause convulsions and even death.
Besides affecting health, noise is also a significant factor in economic losses. According to Prof. Glorig, an international expert on
sound, "The potential cost of noise induced hearing loss to industry is greater than for any occupational disease." In the United
States alone, noise reportedly causes losses running into millions of dollars daily, affecting large segments of population.
A study by Post Graduate School of Basic Medical Sciences, in Chennai, confirms such conclusions. In 50 per cent of industries it
was found that workmen exposed to higher intensities of noise in occupational capacities, were often irritated, short-tempered and
impatient and more likely to resort to agitation and disrupt production. This was true of units in heavy industrial pockets in and
around the metropolitan centers.
The phenomenal growth in the volume of vehicular traffic has contributed rapidly to a demon of decibel in urban areas. Beginning
with pressure horns, there seems to be no let up in the production of more obnoxious variants to be sounded indiscriminately. The
idea is not to warn other motorists or pedestrians, but to frighten them out of the way. On its part, the administration is equally guilty
of overlooking defaulting horns and silencers.
Noise levels are particularly acute near railway junctions, traffic roundabouts, bus termini, transit areas, fish and vegetable markets.
Combined with lung power it exceeds 90dB at peak hours, representing a dire threat to patients and pregnant women in the vicinity.
Despite 'no horn' signs in prohibited zones near hospitals, asylums and elsewhere, indifferent drivers continue with the act. The
situation is worse in complexes located close to the airports as they are exposed to shattering blasts by jet aircrafts round the day.
Recreational noise, another ugly facet, is becoming more widespread in cities and towns. Loudspeakers are turned at full volume
during marriages, festivals, musical programs, particularly at night, without the least consideration for others. Even at 50 dB, sound
can awaken a person from deep slumber. As experiments have shown, loudspeakers with output from 60 to 80dB cause the pupils of
a slumbering person to dilate, with increasing intake of oxygen, resulting in palpitation. The effect is more pronounced in narrow
lanes. TV sets are played at full volume at prime time, invariably disturbing neighbors. Noise making seems to have become the
latest status symbol, be it an election campaign or slogan shouting or advertising ownership of a TV set.
A pilot survey carried out by the National Physical Laboratory concluded 'There is no marked vertical escalation of noise levels but
there is a horizontal spread encompassing more areas'. In other words, with increasing numbers of two, four and six wheelers on the
roads, noise levels have become uniformly high over large areas, doubling every six years for the last thirty years. At this rate the
day is not far off when hearing losses would be as common as the common cold.
Q 9. What is the tone and style of writing of the author?
a) Rambling and Analytical
b) Personal and Truthful
c) Sarcastic and Wordy
d) Sad and Heartfelt
Q 10. Which of the following would be a suitable title of the passage?
a) Urban living and its disadvantages
b) Hazards of Noise Pollution
c) Complexities of Loudspeakers
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d) Hearing Loss
Choose the word that is closest in meaning to the given word.
Q 11. jibe
a) mock
b) praise
c) disagree
d) ignore
Q 12. astute
a) obtuse
b) crafty
c) imbecile
d) naive
Q 13. rummage
a) to search frantically
b) to run after
c) to feel confused
d) to comfort
Q 14. rarefy
a) muddle
b) corrupt
c) attenuate
d) beef up
Q 15. Select the word that is spelt incorrectly.
a) Privilege
b) Lightning
c) Expresso
d) Apartment
Q 16. Select the word that is spelt incorrectly.
a) Misappropriate
b) Kneel
c) Remunerate
d) Rhythem
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Q 17. Select the word that is spelt incorrectly.
a) Committee
b) Benign
c) Maintenance
d) Abberration
Q 18. Select the word that is spelt incorrectly.
a) Atheist
b) Consensus
c) Dalmation
d) Weird
Q 19. Choose the sentence that is grammatically and syntactically correct.
a) The kids enjoyed during the holidays.
b) The kids enjoyed themselves at the holidays.
c) The kids enjoyed themselves during the holidays.
d) The kids enjoyed in the holidays.
Q 20. Choose the sentence that is grammatically and syntactically correct.
a) Riny, you and I will go to the party tomorrow.
b) You, Riny and I will go to the party tomorrow.
c) I, Riny and you will go to the party tomorrow.
d) You, I and Riny will be going to party tomorrow.
Q 21. Choose the sentence that is grammatically and syntactically correct.
a) Three-hundred students are giving the test at the Noida center.
b) Three-hundred students are taking the test at the Noida center.
c) Three-hundred students shall be giving the test at the Noida center.
d) Three-hundred students shall be giving the test in the Noida center.
Q 22. Choose the sentence that is grammatically and syntactically correct.
a) He was penniless at the end of the month.
b) He was penniless in the end of the month.
c) He was penniless finally in the end of the month.
d) He was penniless finally at the end of the month.
Fill in the blank with the most appropriate word from the options given.
Q 23. His aplomb is a ______ to his cunningness.
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a) bridle
b) bridal
c) biding
d) bidding
Q 24. The ______ of dancers gave a fabulous performance.
a) troop
b) troupe
c) taupe
d) tope
Q 25. She decided to take her friend's _____.
a) advise
b) adage
c) advice
d) adroit
Q 26. His ________ in the matter is very important.
a) assent
b) ascent
c) ascend
d) abscond
Q 27. Indications are that the bank is _______ to the prospect of granting a bonus to the striking employees.
a) aligned
b) obliged
c) reconciled
d) relieved
A set of four idioms is given along with their meanings. Match each idiom with its correct meaning.
Q 28.
a) A-1 B-2 C-3 D-4
b) A-4 B-2 C-3 D-1
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c) A-3 B-2 C-1 D-4
d) A-3 B-4 C-1 D-2
Q 29.
a) A-4 B-3 C-2 D-1
b) A-3 B-2 C-1 D-4
c) A-1 B-2 C-3 D-4
d) A-4 B-3 C-1 D-2
Q 30.
a) A-4 B-3 C-2 D-1
b) A-1 B-3 C-2 D-4
c) A-1 B-2 C-3 D-4
d) A-4 B-3 C-1 D-2
Q 31.
a) A-4 B-3 C-2 D-1
b) A-3 B-4 C-2 D-1
c) A-1 B-2 C-3 D-4
d) A-2 B-3 C-4 D-1
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Q 32.
a) A-4 B-3 C-2 D-1
b) A-1 B-3 C-2 D-4
c) A-1 B-2 C-3 D-4
d) A-4 B-3 C-1 D-2
Complete the sentence by filling in the blank with the correct tenses from the given choices.
Q 33. Each one of them ______ to fill the application form.
a) were
b) has
c) have
d) are
Q 34. She _______ surviving on liquid diet for 37 days now.
a) has been
b) have been
c) had been
d) will have been
Q 35. No sooner ________ at the party than she left for home.
a) I arrived
b) was arriving
c) had I arrived
d) arrive
The sentences given below, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Choose the most logical order of each sentence,
from among the given options, to construct a coherent paragraph.
Q 36. A. KC Pal Umbrella Corp. plans to institute a marketing campaign in which it will sell umbrellas at the exits of Metro stations
in Kolkata during rainy weather.
B. The umbrellas will be sold at a price that is slightly higher than normal but would distinctively look different.
C. The company thinks the sales of these higher-priced umbrellas will be greater than sales of normal umbrellas, because the
purchasers of these umbrellas will be forced to buy them if they do not want to get wet.
D. Sale of umbrellas shoots during rainy seasons even in other wise rain starved areas.
a) ACBD
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b) DBCA
c) ABCD
d) DABC
Q 37. A. The expansion westward, the growth of railroad and steel industries, an almost limitless supply of cheap raw materials,
plus a population boom that provided an ever increasing demand for new products (although not cheap source of labor) all
coincided to encourage the growth of large companies.
B. But rapid developments in the market place have begun to change the accepted rules of business and have under-scored the
need for fast reaction times.
C. Small companies without huge overhead and inventory, can respond quickly to a technologically advanced age in which new
products and technologies can become outmoded within a year of their being brought to market.
D. For most of this century, big companies dominated the American business scene that seemed to thrive on its own grandness of
scale.
a) ADBC
b) DABC
c) BADC
d) DCBA
Q 38. A. Though FitzGerald did not join in the imperial venture - and indeed hardly left England - his translations from Persian and
other languages depended on the web of contacts the empire established, and thrived on the knowledge gained from its
commercial and political ambitions.
B. As Edward Said pointed out, such interests directed scholarship, however detached the scholars themselves from the profits of
imperialism.
C. Archaeologists, linguists, scientists and geographers moved along with the armies of soldiers and civil servants as the British
and the French entrenched their rule in the Middle East.
D. FitzGerald, who temperamentally shrank from power and the powerful, played no direct part in this, and often expressed his
unease at British ambitions abroad.
a) ABDC
b) ADCB
c) CDBA
d) ABCD
Q 39. A. Previous studies on choice of education by local students and specific groups of Asian international students confirmed
that social reference groups could influence education choice.
B. Park and Lessig described family and other non-family groups as normative referents who provide the individual with norms,
attitudes, and values through direct interaction.
C. Normative referents allow for a significant amount of interaction that impact on individual's choice
D. Among many psychological and sociological factors that influence the choice of international education, normative referents
have long been recognised as one of the major factors influencing students' decision-making processes.
a) BACD
b) BADC
c) DBCA
d) CADB
Given below are six sentences, out of which the first and the last form the beginning and the end of a passage respectively. Arrange
the rest of the four sentences labeled A, B, C and D in a logical order so that the six together make a coherent passage. From the
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given options, choose the one with the most appropriate sequence.
Q 40. 1. Earth's lunar satellite, the moon, is an alien and remote though still compelling landscape known to us all.
A. The beauty of such a moment is hard to explain; it's as if beauty were not actually in the thing itself but lay instead with the
viewer's capacity to appreciate that object.
B. But unearthly beautiful all the same.
C. On a clear night, with a pair of ten-power binoculars, the craters and highlands, the depressions and seas, appear so vividly
etched, the pattern of their shadow and light so captivating, that the geography can induce a sensation of joy.
D. We imagine it from our front lawns and our apartment windows as a place of absence; no wind, nor any blade of grass for a
breeze to stir, no people, no cascading brook or animal track.
6. When a portion of the moon resolves itself sharply through the binoculars' prisms, when it comes alive to a viewer's eyes, he or
she can experience a kind of euphoria, which the moon alone cannot explain.
a) DBCA
b) DBAC
c) CABD
d) DABC
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