SOME IMPORTANT MATHEMATICIANS

Euclid Archimedes Brahmagupta Al-Khwarizmi Fibonacci René Descartes

325 BC - 265 BC 287 BC - 212 BC 598 - 670 790 - 850 1170 - 1250 1596 - 1650
Euclid was a Greek mathematician best known for Archimedes was the greatest mathematician of his Brahmagupta was the foremost Indian Al'Khwarizmi was an Islamic mathematician who Leonard of Pisa or Fibonacci played an important René Descartes was a French philosopher whose
his treatise on geometry: The Elements . This age. His contributions in geometry revolutionised mathematician of his time. He made advances in wrote on Hindu-Arabic numerals. The word role in reviving ancient mathematics and made work, La géométrie, includes his application of
influenced the development of Western mathematics the subject and his methods anticipated the integral astronomy and most importantly in number systems algorithm derives from his name. His algebra significant contributions of his own. Liber abaci algebra to geometry from which we now have
for more than 2000 years. calculus. He was a practical man who invented a including algorithms for square roots and the treatise Hisab al-jabr w'al-muqabala gives us the introduced the Hindu-Arabic place-valued decimal Cartesian geometry. His work had a great influence
wide variety of machines including pulleys and the solution of quadratic equations. word algebra and can be considered as the first system and the use of Arabic numerals into Europe. on both mathematicians and philosophers.
Archimidean screw pumping device. book to be written on algebra.

Pierre Fermat Blaise Pascal Isaac Newton Gottfried Leibniz Jacob Bernoulli Johann Bernoulli
1601 - 1665 1623 - 1662 1643 - 1727 1646 - 1716 1655 - 1705 1667 - 1748
Pierre de Fermat was a French lawyer and Blaise Pascal was a very influential French Isaac Newton was the greatest English Gottfried Leibniz was a German mathematician Jacob Bernoulli was a Swiss mathematician who Johann Bernoulli was a Swiss mathematician who
government official most remembered for his work mathematician and philosopher who contributed to mathematician of his generation. He laid the who developed the present day notation for the was the first to use the term integral. He studied the studied reflection and refraction of light, orthogonal
in number theory; in particular for Fermat's Last many areas of mathematics. He worked on conic foundation for differential and integral calculus. His differential and integral calculus though he never catenary, the curve of a suspended string. He was an trajectories of families of curves, quadrature of areas
Theorem. He is also important in the foundations of sections and projective geometry and in work on optics and gravitation make him one of the thought of the derivative as a limit. His philosophy early user of polar coordinates and discovered the by series and the brachistochrone.
the calculus. correspondence with Fermat he laid the foundations greatest scientists the world has known. is also important and he invented an early isochrone.
for the theory of probability. calculating machine.

Leonhard Euler Joseph-Louis Lagrange Pierre-Simon Laplace Adrien-Marie Legendre Carl Friedrich Gauss Augustin-Louis Cauchy
1707 - 1783 1736 - 1813 1749 - 1827 1752 - 1833 1777 - 1855 1789 - 1857
Leonhard Euler was a Swiss mathematician who Joseph-Louis Lagrange was an Italian-born French Pierre-Simon Laplace proved the stability of the Adrien-Marie Legendre's major work on elliptic Carl Friedrich Gauss worked in a wide variety of Augustin-Louis Cauchy pioneered the study of
made enormous contibutions to a wide range of mathematician who excelled in all fields of analysis solar system. In analysis Laplace introduced the integrals provided basic analytical tools for fields in both mathematics and physics incuding analysis, both real and complex, and the theory of
mathematics and physics including analytic and number theory and analytical and celestial potential function and Laplace coefficients. He also mathematical physics. He gave a simple proof that π number theory, analysis, differential geometry, permutation groups. He also researched in
geometry, trigonometry, geometry, calculus and mechanics. put the theory of mathematical probability on a is irrational as well as the first proof that π2 is geodesy, magnetism, astronomy and optics. His convergence and divergence of infinite series,
number theory. sound footing. irrational. work has had an immense influence in many areas. differential equations, determinants, probability and
mathematical physics.

Niels Abel Carl Jacobi William Rowan Hamilton Évariste Galois Karl Weierstrass Arthur Cayley
1802 - 1829 1804 - 1851 1805 - 1865 1811 - 1832 1815 - 1897 1821 - 1895
Niels Abel was a Norwegian mathematician who Carl Jacobi made basic contributions to the theory William Rowan Hamilton was an Irish astronomer Évariste Galois was a French mathematician who Karl Weierstrass is best known for his construction Arthur Cayley's most important work was in
proved the impossibility of solving algebraically the of elliptic functions. He carried out important and mathematician who discovered the quaternions. produced a method of determining when a general of the theory of complex functions by means of developing the algebra of matrices and work in non-
general equation of the fifth degree. research in partial differential equations of the first equation could be solved by radicals and is famous power series. euclidean and n-dimensional geometry.
order and applied them to the differential equations for his development of early group theory. He died
of dynamics. very young after fighting a duel.

Bernhard Riemann Richard Dedekind James Clerk Maxwell Georg Cantor Henri Poincaré David Hilbert
1826 - 1866 1831 - 1916 1831 - 1879 1845 - 1918 1854 - 1912 1862 - 1943
Bernhard Riemann's ideas concerning geometry of Richard Dedekind's major contribution was a James Clerk Maxwell was a Scottish Georg Cantor was a Russian-born mathematician Henri Poincaré can be said to have been the Hilbert's work in geometry had the greatest
space had a profound effect on the development of redefinition of irrational numbers in terms of mathematician who did revolutionary work on who can be considered as the founder of set theory originator of algebraic topology and of the theory of influence in that area after Euclid. A systematic
modern theoretical physics. He clarified the notion Dedekind cuts. He introduced the notion of an ideal electricity, magnetism, optics and on the kinetic and introduced the concept of infinite numbers with analytic functions of several complex variables. study of the axioms of Euclidean geometry led
of integral by defining what we now call the in Ring Theory. theory of gases. his discovery of cardinal numbers. He also Hilbert to propose 21 such axioms and he analysed
Riemann integral. advanced the study of trigonometric series. their significance. He made contributions in many
areas of mathematics and physics.

G H Hardy Albert Einstein Emmy Noether Srinivasa Ramanujan John von Neumann Alexander Grothendieck
1877 - 1947 1879 - 1955 1882 - 1935 1887 - 1920 1903 - 1957 1928 - 2014
Hardy's interests covered many topics of pure Einstein contributed more than any other scientist to Emmy Noether is best known for her contributions Ramanujan made substantial contributions to the John Von Neumann built a solid framework for Alexander Grothendieck was a German
mathematics:- Diophantine analysis, summation of the modern vision of physical reality. His special to abstract algebra, in particular, her study of chain analytical theory of numbers and worked on elliptic quantum mechanics. He also worked in game mathematician and Fields medal winner. He made
divergent series, Fourier series, the Riemann zeta and general theories of relativity are still regarded as conditions on ideals of rings. functions, continued fractions, and infinite series. theory, studied what are now called von Neumann important contributions in topology, algebra and
function and the distribution of primes. the most satisfactory model of the large-scale Algebras, and was one of the pioneers of computer logic.
universe that we have. science.

For more Mathematicians, go to: https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/