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Sunu

Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a transcontinental country located at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, bordered by the Caspian Sea and several neighboring countries. The region has a rich history, with evidence of human settlement dating back to the late Stone Age and significant historical events including the influence of the Sasanian Empire and the impact of the Russian Empire. The country features diverse physical geography, including the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus mountains, and extensive flatlands.

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15 views11 pages

Sunu

Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a transcontinental country located at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, bordered by the Caspian Sea and several neighboring countries. The region has a rich history, with evidence of human settlement dating back to the late Stone Age and significant historical events including the influence of the Sasanian Empire and the impact of the Russian Empire. The country features diverse physical geography, including the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus mountains, and extensive flatlands.

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HaciHasanov
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Azerbaijan

Azərbaycan [ɑːzæɾbɑjˈdʒɑn]), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan,[b] is a


transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western
Asia.[11] It is a part of the South Caucasus region, and is bounded by the Caspian
Sea to the east, Russia (Republic of Dagestan) to the north, Georgia to the
northwest, Armenia and Turkey to the west, and Iran to the south. Baku is the
capital and largest city.
The Sasanian Empire turned Caucasian Albania into a vassal state in 252, while
King Urnayr officially adopted Christianity as the state religion in the 4th
century.
The earliest evidence of human
settlement in the territory of Azerbaijan
dates back to the late Stone Age and is
related to the Guruchay culture of Azykh
Cave.[47]
Early settlements included
the Scythians during the 9th century
BC.[37] Following the Scythians,
Iranian Medes came to dominate the area
to the south of the Aras river.[35]

Petroglyphs in Gobustan National


Park dating back to the 10th
millennium BC indicating a
thriving culture
Following Qajar Iran's loss in the 1804–1813
war, it was forced to concede suzerainty over
most of the khanates, along with Georgia and
Dagestan to the Russian Empire, per
the Treaty of Gulistan.[82

The siege of Ganja


Fortress in 1804 during
the Russo-Persian War
of 1804–1813
Three physical features dominate
Azerbaijan: the Caspian Sea, whose
shoreline forms a natural boundary
to the east; the Greater
Caucasus mountain range to the
north; and the extensive flatlands at
the country's center. There are also
three mountain ranges, the Greater
and Lesser Caucasus, and the Talysh
Mountains, together covering
approximately 40% of the
country.[130]

Caucasus Mountains in
northern Azerbaijan
By March 1920, it was obvious that Soviet
Russia would attack Baku. Vladimir
Lenin said that the invasion was justified
as Soviet Russia could not survive without
Baku's oil.

Map presented by the delegation of


Azerbaijan in the 1919 Paris Peace Conference
Soviet
Army paratroopers during
the Black January tragedy in
1990
In 1993, democratically elected
president Abulfaz Elchibey was
overthrown by a military
insurrection led by
Colonel Surat Huseynov, which
resulted in the rise to power of
the former leader of Soviet
Azerbaijan, Heydar Aliyev.[117] In
1994, Surat Huseynov, by that
time the prime minister,
attempted another military
coup against Heydar Aliyev, but
he was arrested and charged
Military situation in the Nagorno- with treason
Karabakh region prior to the 2020 Nagorno-
Karabakh war
The landscape of Khinalug valley

Mount Bazarduzu, the highest peak of


Azerbaijan, as seen from Mount Shahdagh

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