• He was a Russian Psychologist best • He believed that learning happens
known for his work on how children through social interaction and that
learn and develop. children develop their thinking and
understanding by engaging with
others, like parents, teachers, and
peers.
Lev Vygotsky
ORIGIN OF THE CONCEPT
• The concept was derived from his work on the
ZONE OF PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT (ZPD).
• Jerome Bruner expanded the ideas of Vygotsky,
adding the term “scaffolding”.
SCAFFOLDING
• Lev Vygotsky’s concept of scaffolding refers to the temporary
support provided to learners to help them accomplish tasks
within their Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
• Scaffolding can take the form of guidance, demonstrations,
prompts, or breaking tasks into smaller, manageable parts.
• The support is gradually reduced as the learner becomes more
skilled and confident, with the goal of them eventually
performing the task independently.
Relationship between
ZPD and Scaffolding
• ZPD refers to the range of tasks a learner can perform with
help, but not yet alone. It defines the space for potential
learning.
• Scaffolding is the support provided to help the learner
succeed within the ZPD. It guides them through tasks they
can't yet do independently.
TYPES OF SCAFFOLDING
COGNITIVE SCAFFOLDING SOCIAL SCAFFOLDING
- Instructors break down - Collaborative learning
complex task into more or guided interaction is
manageable steps. emphasized.
Importance of
Scaffolding
• It plays a critical role in our
educational system as it helps students
develop abilities and skills they cannot
yet achieve on their own.
Hangman
S C A F F O L D I N G
• The teacher or guide • Example: A teacher solves a math
demonstrates how to complete a problem on the board, explaining
task or solve a problem. Students each step as students follow along.
watch and observe the process. YOU LOSE!
WON!
M O D E L L I N G
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
• Tools like charts, diagrams, or • Example: A mind map might be
graphic organizers are used to used to help students organize
help learners structure their their ideas before starting a
thoughts or work. YOU LOSE!
WON! writing assignment.
V I S U A L A I D S
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
• Instead of giving the answer, the • Example: In a math problem, the
teacher provides ______to nudge teacher might say, “Think about
the student in the right direction. how you solved a similar problem
YOU LOSE!
WON! yesterday.”
C L U E S
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
• Providing ______ of completed • Example: A teacher shows an
work helps learners understand ______ of a well-structured
what a finished product should essay to give students a clear idea
look like. YOU LOSE!
WON! of what’s expected.
E X A M P L E S
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
• Pairing or grouping students so • Example: In group projects,
they can learn from each other. students share ideas and help
More knowledgeable peers can each other complete tasks they
help those who are struggling. YOU LOSE!
WON! find difficult.
P E E R C O L L A B O R A T I O N
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
THANK YOU
