Climate chapter

Multiple Choice Questions (Assertion and Reasoning)

Instructions: For each question, choose the correct option: * (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the
correct explanation of A. * (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. * (c) A is
false, but R is true. * (d) Both A and R are false.
Questions:
1.
Assertion (A): The climate of India is described as a tropical monsoon type. Reason (R): India's climate
is influenced by the monsoon winds, which are confined to the tropics1.
2.
Assertion (A): The annual range of temperature is higher in the interiors of India compared to the coastal
areas. Reason (R): Coastal areas experience a moderating influence of the sea2.
3.
Assertion (A): Rajasthan receives very low rainfall. Reason (R): The Aravalli Range lies parallel to the
direction of the moisture-laden winds3.
4.
Assertion (A): The Coromandel Coast receives most of its rainfall during the winter season. Reason (R):
The North-East monsoon winds bring rainfall to the Coromandel Coast4.
5.
Assertion (A): The western coast of India receives more rainfall than the eastern coast. Reason (R): The
Arabian Sea branch of the South-West Monsoon brings more rain to the windward side of the Western
Ghats5.
6.
Assertion (A): The summer monsoon winds blow from land to sea. Reason (R): During summer, a low-
pressure area develops over the Indian landmass6.
7.
Assertion (A): The Retreating Monsoon is a dry season across India. Reason (R): The retreating
monsoon winds bring rain to the Coromandel coast4.
8.
Assertion (A): Thunderstorms, accompanied by strong winds, are common in West Bengal and Assam
during the pre-monsoon season. Reason (R): These storms bring rainfall which is good for rice and tea
crops7.
9.
Assertion (A): The 'October Heat' is a characteristic feature of the transition season. Reason (R): It is
associated with clear skies and high temperature8.
10.
Assertion (A): The mean temperature in northern India during the winter season is below 20°C. Reason
(R): The region experiences the influence of cold waves from the Caspian Sea and Turkmenistan8.
11.
Assertion (A): The Arabian Sea branch of the South-West Monsoon is divided into two branches Reason
(R): The Bay of Bengal branch of the South-West Monsoon is divided into three branches5.
12.
Assertion (A): The Western Ghats receive less rainfall on their leeward side. Reason (R): The Western
Ghats lie in the rain shadow region9.
13.
Assertion (A): Temperate cyclones are more intense in the summer. Reason (R): Temperate cyclones
develop over the continents8.
14.
Assertion (A): El Nino causes an increase in the temperature of surface water in the Equatorial Pacific
region Reason (R): El Nino results in drier conditions over the Indian subcontinent6.
15.
Assertion (A): Mawsynram receives the highest average rainfall in the world. Reason (R): Mawsynram is
located on the windward side of the Khasi hills10.
16.
Assertion (A): The Northern part of India gets most of its rainfall during the winter months. Reason (R):
The North-East Monsoon winds bring rainfall during the winter9.
Answer Key:
●
a) A is true and R is the reason for A: Questions 1, 3,4, 5, 9,15
●
b) A is true but R is not the reason for A: Questions 2, 8, 10, 12,14
●
c) A is false but R is true: Questions 6, 7, 11, 13, 16
●
d) A and R both are false:

1. A tea plantation in the Western Ghats receives abundant rainfall, while a nearby region on
the leeward side of the Ghats is relatively dry. What phenomenon explains this difference in
rainfall?
a) Monsoon winds
b) Temperature variations
c) **Rain-shadow effect**
d) Coastal proximity

2. A city in northern India experiences a very high temperature during the day but a significant
drop in temperature at night. What is the main cause for this extreme temperature variation?
a) Coastal influence
b) **Continental climate**
c) Monsoon patterns
d) Altitude

3. A weather forecast mentions a 'western disturbance' affecting the northern plains of India.
Which of the following weather conditions is most likely to occur?
a) Heavy rainfall from the Arabian Sea
b) Heavy rainfall from the Bay of Bengal
c) **Light rainfall and snowfall in the mountains**
d) Hot and dry winds

4. During the summer, a low-pressure area develops over the Indian subcontinent, which
attracts the monsoon winds. What is the main cause for the formation of this low-pressure area?
a) High altitude of the Himalayas
b) Influence of the Arabian Sea
 c) **Intense heating of the land**
d) Movement of jet streams

5. A place in India receives the majority of its rainfall from June to September. Which monsoon
type is responsible for this?
a) North-East Monsoon
b) **South-West Monsoon**
c) Retreating Monsoon
d) Winter Monsoon

6. The Coromandel Coast receives the bulk of its rainfall during the months of October and
November. What is the primary reason for this?
a) South-West Monsoon
b) **Retreating Monsoon**
c) Arabian Sea Branch
d) Bay of Bengal Branch

7. A city located far inland, like Delhi, experiences a greater annual range of temperature
compared to a coastal city like Mumbai. Which factor primarily contributes to this?
a) Altitude
b) Proximity to the sea
c) **Continentality**
d) Monsoon winds

8. Which of the following weather phenomena is characterized by hot, dry, and dusty winds in
northern India during the summer?
a) Mango showers
b) **Loo**
c) Kalbaishakhi
d) Thunderstorms

9. A farmer in Punjab is looking for rain to help grow his rabi crops. Which type of rainfall would
be most beneficial for his needs?
a) Heavy rainfall during the summer months
b) **Light rainfall from Western Disturbances**
c) Heavy rainfall from the South-West Monsoon
d) No rainfall at all

10. Which of the following locations receives the least amount of rainfall annually?
a) Cherrapunji
b) Mumbai
c) **Jaisalmer**
d) Kozhikode
11. How would the absence of the Himalayas impact the climate of India?
a) More rainfall
b) **Colder conditions**
c) Less temperature variation
d) Milder winters

12. Why does the Coromandel Coast receive less rain during the South-West Monsoon
season?
a) It is a coastal area
b) **It is in the rain-shadow area of the Western Ghats**
c) It experiences the effect of the western disturbances
d) It receives rainfall from the Arabian Sea Branch

13. A particular region receives very heavy rainfall during June and July, but remains relatively
dry for the rest of the year. What phenomenon explains this rainfall pattern?
a) Western Disturbances
b) North East Monsoon
c) **South West Monsoon**
d) Retreating Monsoon

14. In the context of Indian climate, what does 'October Heat' refer to?
a) The high temperatures in October
b) **The high temperature and humidity in October**
c) The onset of winter in October
d) The effect of cyclones in October

15. What is the primary reason for the development of a low-pressure area over the Indian
subcontinent during the summer?
a) The presence of the Himalayas
b) **Intense heating of the land**
c) The influence of western disturbances
d) The movement of jet streams

16. A coastal region experiences heavy rainfall and strong winds, leading to a lot of damage.
What is the most likely cause?
a) Loo
b) **Thunderstorms**
c) Western Disturbance
d) Mango showers

17. A region receives rainfall from the Bay of Bengal branch of the monsoon but does not
receive much from the Arabian Sea branch. Why?
a) It is a coastal region
b) It is in a rain-shadow area
 c) It is near the Himalayas
d) It is located on the eastern coast of the country

18. A place experiences very low rainfall throughout the year. What could be the reason?
a) It is close to the equator
b) It is on the windward side of the mountains
c) **It is in the rain-shadow area of the mountains**
d) It is a coastal region

19. Why are the coastal regions of Tamil Nadu, Odisha, and parts of Karnataka relatively dry
during the South-West Monsoon season?
a) **They are in the rain-shadow area of the Western Ghats**
b) They receive rainfall from the Arabian Sea branch
c) They are located far away from the oceans
d) The monsoon winds are not strong enough in this region

20. What is the main cause of tropical cyclones in India during November and December?
a) High temperatures in the Bay of Bengal
b) **Depressions originating in the Bay of Bengal**
c) The onset of the South-West Monsoon
d) Heavy rainfall during the winter months

21. Which of the following best describes the direction of the South-West Monsoon winds?
a) North-east to south-west
b) **South-west to north-east**
c) East to west
d) West to east

22. Which of the following is NOT a type of rainfall in India?

a) Orographic rainfall
b) Cyclonic rainfall
c) Convectional rainfall
d) **Frontal rainfall**

23. What is the main reason for the occurrence of 'Mango Showers' in South India?
a) Thunderstorms associated with retreating monsoon
b) **Pre-monsoon showers associated with local thunderstorms**
c) Heavy rainfall during winter season
d) Rainfall associated with the western disturbances

24. During which season does India experience the influence of the jet streams?
a) **Winter**
b) Summer
c) South-west Monsoon
 d) Retreating Monsoon

25. Which state is first to experience the onset of the monsoon?

a) **Kerala**
b) Tamil Nadu
c) West Bengal
d) Maharashtra

**Answer Key:**

1. c
2. b
3. c
4. c
5. b
6. b
7. c
8. b
9. b
10. c
11. b
12. b
13. c
14. b
15. b
16. b
17. d
18. c
19. a
20. b
21. b
22. d
23. b
24. a
25. a