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Remote Pilot
2020 TEST PREP
Study & Prepare
Pass your test and know what is essential to safely operate an unmanned
aircraft — from the most trusted source in aviation training

READER TIP
The FAA Knowledge Exam Questions can change throughout the year.
Stay current with test changes; sign up for ASA’s free email update service
at asa2fly.com/testupdate

AVIATION SUPPLIES & ACADEMICS

NEWCASTLE, WASHINGTON
2020 Remote Pilot Test Prep About the Contributors
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Jackie Spanitz
7005 132nd Place SE General Manager
Newcastle, Washington 98059-3153 Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc.
425-235-1500 | asa2fly.com
As General Manager of Aviation Supplies & Academics,
Jackie Spanitz oversees maintenance and development
© 2019 Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. of more than 1,000 titles and pilot supplies in the ASA
product line. Ms. Spanitz has worked with airman training
FAA Questions herein are from United States govern- and testing for more than 25 years, including participa-
ment sources and contain current information as of: tion in the ACS development committees. Jackie holds
June 2019 a Bachelor degree in aviation technology from Western
None of the material in this publication supersedes Michigan University, a Masters degree from Embry Riddle
any documents, procedures or regulations issued by the Aeronautical University, and Instructor and Commercial
Federal Aviation Administration. Pilot certificates. She is the author of Guide to the Flight
ASA assumes no responsibility for any errors or Review, and the technical editor for ASA’s Test Prep and
omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damages FAR/AIM series.
resulting from the use of the information contained
herein.
David Ison, Ph.D.
Important: This Test Prep should be sold with and used Assistant Professor, College of Aeronautics
in conjunction with Airman Knowledge Testing Supple- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University-Worldwide
ment for Sport Pilot, Recreational Pilot, and Private Pilot
(FAA-CT-8080-2H). ASA reprints the FAA test figures Dr. David Ison has flown as a flight instructor and as an
and legends within this government document, and it is ATP for both regional and major airlines flying domestic
also sold separately and available from aviation retailers and international routes. Dr. Ison holds a Bachelor’s of
nationwide. Order #ASA-CT-8080-2H. Science in Aviation Management from Auburn University,
a Master’s degree in Aeronautical Science—Operations
Cover photo by Annie Spratt on Unsplash Specialization from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University,
and a Ph.D. in Educational Studies/Higher Education
Leadership with a Specialization in Aviation Education.
ASA-TP -UAS-20-PD He is the co-author of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems
Guide: Exploring Designs, Operations, Regulations and
PDF eBook ISBN 978-1-61954-797-1
Economics, The Complete Remote Pilot, and author of
Print Book ISBN 978-1-61954-796-4
Aircraft Dispatcher Oral Exam Guide.

About ASA: Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. (ASA)

is an industry leader in the development and sale of avia-
tion supplies and publications for pilots, flight instructors,
flight engineers, air traffic controllers, flight attendants,
aviation maintenance technicians, and drone operators.
We manufacture and publish more than 1,000 products,
and have been providing trusted and reliable training
materials to the aviation industry for 80 years. Visit
asa2fly.com for a free catalog.
Stay informed of aviation
industry happenings
Website www.asa2fly.com
Updates www.asa2fly.com/testupdate
Twitter www.twitter.com/asa2fly
Facebook www.facebook.com/asa2fly
Blog www.learntoflyblog.com

ii ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

Contents

Instructions Chapter 2 National Airspace System

Preface........................................................................v Introduction............................................................ 2 – 3
Updates and Practice Tests........................................vi NOTAMs............................................................. 2 – 3
Description of the Test............................................... vii Other Airspace Resources................................. 2 – 4
Knowledge Test Eligibility Requirements............... viii Airspace Classification.......................................... 2 – 6
FAA Knowledge Test Question Coding.................. viii Topography.......................................................... 2 – 15
Knowledge Test Registration...................................ix Airport Operations............................................... 2 – 19
Knowledge Test Requirements................................ix Airport Markings and Signs................................. 2 – 22
Acceptable Materials................................................x Collision Avoidance............................................. 2 – 27
Cheating or Other Unauthorized Conduct...............xi Inflight Hazards................................................ 2 – 27
Testing Procedures for Applicants
Requesting Special Accommodations................xi
Test Report..............................................................xi Chapter 3 Weather
Test Tips................................................................. xii Introduction............................................................ 3 – 3
Eligibility Requirements for the Remote Pilot Wind...................................................................... 3 – 4
Certificate.......................................................... xiii Air Masses and Fronts........................................... 3 – 5
English Language Proficiency............................... xiii Atmospheric Stability............................................. 3 – 7
Knowledge Exam References.................................. xiv Visibility and Clouds.............................................. 3 – 8
ASA Test Prep Layout................................................xv Thunderstorms.................................................... 3 – 10
Icing..................................................................... 3 – 13
Fog ...................................................................... 3 – 14
Chapter 1 Regulations
Density Altitude.................................................... 3 – 16
Introduction............................................................ 1 – 3 Weather Briefing.................................................. 3 – 17
Remote Pilot Certification...................................... 1 – 6 Weather Reports, Forecasts and Charts............. 3 – 18
Remote Pilot Privileges......................................... 1 – 8 Surface Aviation Weather Observations........... 3 – 19
Supporting Crew Roles......................................... 1 – 9 Aviation Weather Reports................................. 3 – 19
Falsification, Reproduction, or Alteration............. 1 – 11 Aviation Routine Weather Report
Accident Reporting.............................................. 1 – 11 (METAR)................................................ 3 – 19
FAA Inspections................................................... 1 – 13 Aviation Forecasts............................................ 3 – 21
sUAS Registration............................................... 1 – 14 Terminal Aerodrome Forecasts (TAF)........ 3 – 21
Preflight Action and Inspection............................ 1 – 15 Convective Significant Meteorological
Carriage of Hazardous Material.......................... 1 – 16 Information (WST)........................................ 3 – 23
Daylight Operations............................................. 1 – 17
Visual Line of Sight.............................................. 1 – 17
Operating Limitations........................................... 1 – 18 Chapter 4 Loading and Performance
Right-of-Way Rules.............................................. 1 – 20 Introduction............................................................ 4 – 3
No Operation Over People.................................. 1 – 21 Determining Speed and Altitude............................ 4 – 4
Operation from Moving Vehicles or Aircraft......... 1 – 22 Loading.................................................................. 4 – 6
Privacy and Other Considerations....................... 1 – 24 Computing Weight and Balance......................... 4 – 7
Alcohol and Drugs............................................... 1 – 25 Load Factor........................................................... 4 – 8
Change of Address.............................................. 1 – 27 Stalls.................................................................... 4 – 10
Waivers................................................................ 1 – 28 Performance........................................................ 4 – 12

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA iii

Chapter 5 Operations
Introduction............................................................ 5 – 3
Communication Procedures.................................. 5 – 5
sUAS Frequencies.............................................. 5 – 9
Emergency Procedures....................................... 5 – 13
Lost Link........................................................... 5 – 13
Flight Termination............................................. 5 – 14
Flyaways........................................................... 5 – 14
Loss of GPS..................................................... 5 – 14
Battery Fires..................................................... 5 – 15
Aeronautical Decision Making............................. 5 – 17
Physiology........................................................... 5 – 22
Maintenance and Inspection Procedures............ 5 – 26

Appendix A: Question Number and

Page Number.................................................. A – 1

Appendix B: Learning Statement

Code and Question Number........................... B – 1

iv ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

Preface

Welcome to ASA’s Test Prep Series. ASA’s test books have been helping pilots prepare for the FAA
Knowledge Tests for more than 60 years with great success. We are confident that with proper use of
this book, you will score very well on the Remote Pilot certificate test for the small unmanned aircraft
system (sUAS) rating.
Begin your studies with a classroom or home-study ground school course, which will involve read-
ing a textbook to gain the aeronautical knowledge required to earn your Remote Pilot certificate. Visit
the dedicated Reader Resource webpage for this Test Prep (www.asa2fly.com/reader/TPUAS) and
become familiar with the FAA guidance materials available for this certification exam. Conclude your
studies by reviewing the Chapter Text in this book which precedes each question section. Read the
question, select your choice for the correct answer, then read the explanation. Use the references that
conclude each explanation to identify additional resources if you need further study of a subject. Upon
completion of your studies, take practice tests at www.prepware.com (see inside front cover for your
free account).
The FAA Unmanned Aircraft Systems questions have been arranged into chapters based on subject
matter. Topical study, in which similar material is covered under a common subject heading, promotes
better understanding, aids recall, and thus provides a more efficient study guide.
It is important to answer every question assigned on your FAA Knowledge Test. If in their ongoing
review, the FAA authors decide a question has no correct answer, is no longer applicable, or is otherwise
defective, your answer will be marked correct no matter which one you chose. However, you will not be
given the automatic credit unless you have marked an answer. Unlike some other exams you may have
taken, there is no penalty for “guessing” in this instance.
The FAA exams are “closed tests” which means the exact database of questions is not available to
the public. The question and answer choices in this book are based on our extensive history and experi-
ence with the FAA testing process. You might see similar although not exactly the same questions on
your official FAA exam. Answer stems may be rearranged from the A, B, C order you see in this book.
Therefore, be careful to fully understand the intent of each question and corresponding answer while
studying, rather than memorize the A, B, C answer. You may be asked a question that has unfamiliar
wording; studying and understanding the information in this book and the associated references will give
you the tools to answer question variations with confidence.
If your study leads you to question an answer choice, we recommend you seek the assistance of a
local instructor. We welcome your questions, recommendations or concerns:
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc.
7005 132nd Place SE
Newcastle, WA 98059-3153
Voice: 425.235.1500 Fax: 425.235.0128
Email: cfi@asa2fly.com Website: www.asa2fly.com
The FAA appreciates testing experience feedback. You can contact the branch responsible for the
FAA Knowledge Exams at:
Federal Aviation Administration
AFS-630, Airman Testing Standards Branch
PO Box 25082
Oklahoma City, OK 73125
Email: afs630comments@faa.gov

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA v

Updates and Practice Tests

Free Test Updates for the One-Year Life Cycle of Test Prep Books
The FAA rolls out new tests as needed throughout the year. The FAA exams are “closed tests” which
means the exact database of questions is not available to the public. ASA combines more than 60 years
of experience with expertise in airman training and certification tests to prepare the most effective test
preparation materials available in the industry.
You can feel confident you will be prepared for your FAA Knowledge Exam by using the ASA Test
Preps. ASA keeps abreast of changes to the tests. These changes are then posted on the ASA website
as a Test Update.
Visit the ASA website before taking your test to be certain you have the most current information,
including the reader resource page: www.asa2fly.com/reader/TPUAS. Additionally, sign up for ASA’s
free email Update service. We will then send you an email notification if there is a change to the test you
are preparing for so you can review the Update for revised and/or new test information.
www.asa2fly.com/testupdate

We invite your feedback. After you take your official FAA exam, let us know how you did. Were you pre-
pared? Did the ASA products meet your needs and exceed your expectations? We want to continue to
improve these products to ensure applicants are prepared, and become safe aviators. Send feedback
to: cfi@asa2fly.com

www.prepware.com
See inside front cover Helping you practice for written exams.
for FREE account! As the experts in FAA Knowledge Exam preparation, we want you to
have the confidence needed before heading to the testing center,
and help eliminate the hassle and expense of retaking exams.

> Realistic Test Simulation > Performance Graphs > Gain Confidence > Succeed
Test questions and time Review how you did, track Go into your exam fully Pass your exam,
allowed replicate the your performance and prepared after practicing achieve your goals,
official FAA exam review explanations for the up to 5 simulated tests and set new ones
questions you missed

Remote Pilot • Sport Pilot • Private Pilot • Instrument Rating • Commercial Pilot • Flight Instructor
Ground Instructor Fundamentals of Instructing • Flight Engineer • Airline Transport Pilot
AMT General • Airframe • Powerplant • Inspection Authorization
Practice tests are also available as an app! www.asa2fly.com/apps

vi ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

Description of the Test

The knowledge test is an important part of the airman certification process. Applicants who do not meet
the requirements in 14 CFR §107.61 (d)(1), must pass the knowledge test before preparing an application
for a Remote Pilot Certificate with a Small UAS Rating.
The knowledge test consists of objective, multiple-choice questions. There is a single correct response
for each test question. Each test question is independent of other questions. A correct response to one
question does not depend upon, or influence, the correct response to another.

Initial Remote Pilot Unmanned Aircraft General – Small (UAG)

Test Test Prep Number of Min. Allotted Time
Test Name
Code Study Questions Age (hrs)
Unmanned Aircraft
UAG ALL 60 14 2.0
General—Small
UAS Topics Percentage of Items on Test
I. Regulations 15–25%
II. Airspace & Requirements 8–15%
III. Weather 11–16%
IV. Loading and Performance 7–11%
V. Operations 13 –18%

Recurrent Remote Pilot Unmanned Aircraft (UAR)

Test Test Prep Number of Min. Allotted Time
Test Name
Code Study Questions Age (hrs)
Unmanned Aircraft
UGR UGR 40 16 1.5
General—Small
UAS Topics Percentage of Items on Test
I.A. General
I.B. Operating Rules
I.C. Remote Pilot Certification with an 30–40%
sUAS rating
I.D. Waivers
II.A. Airspace Classification
30–40%
II.B. Airspace Operational Requirements
V.B. Airport Operations
V.C. Emergency Procedures
20–30%
V.D. Aeronautical Decision Making
V.F. Maintenance and Inspection Procedures

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA vii

 Before starting the actual test, the testing center will provide an opportunity to practice navigating
through the test. This practice or tutorial session may include sample questions to familiarize the applicant
with the look and feel of the software, such as selecting an answer, marking a question for later review,
monitoring time remaining for the test, and other features of the testing software.

Knowledge Test Eligibility Requirements

• Authorization for the UAG test: Requires NO instructor endorsement or other form of written
authorization.
• Acceptable form of authorization for the UGR test: Remote Pilot Certificate with a Small
Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) rating.
• Acceptable forms of retest authorization for BOTH tests listed above:
– Original passing Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR).

 Note: No instructor endorsement or other form of written authorization is required to retest.
– Original expired AKTR.
– Original failed AKTR.

 Note 1: Requires a 14-day waiting period for retesting.
 Note 2: An applicant retesting after failure is required to submit the applicable AKTR indicating

failure to the testing center prior to retesting.

 Note 3: No instructor endorsement or other form of written authorization is required to retest
after failure.

 Note 4: The original failed AKTR must be retained by the proctor and attached to the applicable
daily log. If the testing center is approved for electronic filing, the proctor must: initial the AKTR
within the embossed seal; file the AKTR IAW their test proctor’s procedures manual; verify the
original failed AKTR has been successfully captured and stored prior to destruction;
and destroy the AKTR.

FAA Knowledge Test Question Coding

The FAA publishes an Airman Certification Standard (ACS) to detail the knowledge requirements needed
to earn a Remote Pilot certificate; this FAA document can be viewed at www.asa2fly.com/reader/
TPUAS. Each task in the ACS includes an ACS code. This ACS code will soon be displayed on the air-
man test report to indicate what Task element was proven deficient on the Knowledge Exam. The ACS
coding consists of four elements. This code is deciphered as follows:
UA.I.B.K10
UA—Applicable ACS (Unmanned Aircraft Systems)
I—Area of Operation (Regulations)
B—Task (Operating Rules)
K10—Task element (Knowledge 10: Visual line of sight aircraft operations.)

Knowledge test questions are mapped to the ACS codes, which will soon replace the system of
“Learning Statement Codes.” After this transition occurs, the Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR)
will list an ACS code that correlates to a specific element for a given Area of Operation and Task.

viii ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

 To obtain a copy of the LSC that will be found on the AKTR, please refer to www.faa.gov. To review
questions associated with the LSC codes on your AKTR refer to Appendix B: Learning Statement Code
and Question Number.

Knowledge Test Registration

The FAA authorizes hundreds of knowledge testing center locations that offer a full range of airman knowl-
edge tests. For information on authorized testing centers and to register for the knowledge test, contact
one of the providers listed at https://www.faa.gov/training_testing/testing/media/test_centers.pdf.
When you contact a knowledge testing center to register for a test, be prepared to select a test date,
choose a testing center, and make financial arrangements for test payment when you call. You may reg-
ister for test(s) several weeks in advance, and you may cancel in accordance with the testing center’s
cancellation policy.
The following test provider is authorized to give FAA knowledge exams:
PSI Services LLC
Applicant inquiry and test registration: 844-704-1487
www.psiexams.com

Knowledge Test Requirements

To verify your eligibility to take the knowledge test, you must meet the following in accordance with the
requirements of Advisory Circular (AC) 107-2:
1. You must be at least 14 years of age to take the knowledge test.
2. You must provide proper identification which contains—
a. Photograph;
b. Signature;
c. Date of birth;
d. If the permanent mailing address is a post office box number, then you must provide a current
government-issued address.

A list of acceptable documents used to provide proper identification can be found in AC 61-65, Cer-
tification: Pilots and Flight and Ground Instructors.
Achieving a score of 70% or better is required to be considered as satisfactorily passing the knowl-
edge test for a Remote Pilot Certificate with a Small UAS Rating.

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA ix

Acceptable Materials
The applicant may use the following aids, reference materials, and test materials, as long as the material
does not include actual test questions or answers.

Acceptable Materials Unacceptable Materials Notes

Supplement book provided by Written materials that are hand- Testing centers may provide
proctor. written, printed, or electronic. calculators and/or deny the use
of personal calculators.
All models of aviation-oriented Electronic calculators incorpo- Unit Member (proctor) may pro-
calculators or small electronic rating permanent or continuous hibit the use of your calculator
calculators that perform only type memory circuits without if he or she is unable to deter-
arithmetic functions. erasure capability. mine the calculator’s erasure
capability.
Calculators with simple pro- Magnetic cards, magnetic Printouts of data must be sur-
grammable memories, which tapes, modules, computer rendered at the completion of
allow addition to, subtraction chips, or any other device upon the test if the calculator incorpo-
from, or retrieval of one number which pre-written programs or rates this design feature.
from the memory; or simple information related to the test
functions, such as square root can be stored and retrieved.
and percentages.
Scales, straight-edges, pro- Dictionaries. Before, and upon completion of
tractors, plotters, navigation the test, while in the presence
computers, blank log sheets, of the Unit Member, actuate
holding pattern entry aids, and the ON/OFF switch or RESET
electronic or mechanical calcu- button, and perform any other
lators that are directly related to function that ensures erasure
the test. of any data stored in memory
circuits.
Manufacturer’s permanently Any booklet or manual contain- Unit Member makes the final
inscribed instructions on the ing instructions related to use of determination regarding aids,
front and back of such aids, test aids. reference materials, and test
such as formulas, conver- materials.
sions, regulations, signals,
weather data, holding pattern
diagrams, frequencies, weight
and balance formulas, and ATC
procedures.

x ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

Cheating or Other Unauthorized Conduct
To avoid test compromise, computer testing centers must follow strict security procedures established
by the FAA and described in FAA Order 8080.6, Conduct of Airman Knowledge Tests. The FAA has
directed testing centers to terminate a test at any time a test unit member suspects that a cheating inci-
dent has occurred.
The FAA will investigate and, if the agency determines that cheating or unauthorized conduct has
occurred, any airman certificate or rating you hold may be revoked. You will also be prohibited from
applying for or taking any test for a certificate or rating under 14 CFR §107.69 for a period of one year.

Testing Procedures for Applicants Requesting

Special Accommodations
An applicant with learning or reading disability may request approval from AFS-630 through the local
Flight Standards District Office (FSDO) or International Field Office/International Field Unit (IFO/IFU) to
take airman knowledge test using one of the three options listed below, in preferential order:
1. Use current testing facilities and procedures whenever possible.
2. Use a self-contained, electronic device which pronounces and displays typed-in words, such as the
Franklin Speaking Wordmaster®) to facilitate the testing process.
3. Request the proctor’s assistance in reading specific words or terms from the test questions and/or
supplement book. To prevent compromising the testing process, the proctor must be an individual
with no aviation background or expertise. The proctor may provide reading assistance only (i.e., no
explanation of words or terms). When an applicant requests this option, the applicant must contact
the AFS-630 for assistance in selecting the test site and assisting the proctor.

Note: The device should consist of an electronic thesaurus that audibly pronounces typed-in words
and presents them on a display screen. The device should also have a built-in headphone jack in order
to avoid disturbing others during testing.

Test Report
Immediately upon completion of the knowledge test, you will receive a printed AKTR documenting the
score with the testing center’s raised, embossed seal. You must retain the original AKTR.
An AKTR with passing results is valid for 24 calendar months. To exercise the privileges of the Remote
Pilot Certificate with a Small UAS Rating, you must comply with 14 CFR §107.65.
To obtain a duplicate AKTR due to loss or destruction of the original, mail a signed request accompa-
nied by a check or money order made payable to the FAA in the amount of $12.00 the following address:
Federal Aviation Administration
Airmen Certification Branch, AFS-760
P.O. Box 25082
Oklahoma City, OK 73125
To obtain a copy of the application form or a list of the information required, please see the AFS-760
web page.

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA xi

Test Tips
When taking a knowledge test, please keep the following points in mind:
1. Carefully read the instructions provided with the test.
2. Answer each question in accordance with the latest regulations and guidance publications.
3. Read each question carefully before looking at the answer options. You should clearly understand
the problem before trying to solve it.
4. After formulating a response, determine which answer option corresponds with your answer. The
answer you choose should completely solve the problem.
5. Remember that only one answer is complete and correct. The other possible answers are either
incomplete or erroneous.
6. If a certain question is difficult for you, mark it for review and return to it after you have answered
the less difficult questions. This procedure will enable you to use the available time to maximum
advantage.
7. When solving a calculation problem, be sure to read all the associated notes.
8. For questions involving use of a graph, you may request a printed copy that you can mark in com-
puting your answer. This copy and all other notes and paperwork must be given to the testing center
upon completion of the test.

xii ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

Eligibility Requirements for the
Remote Pilot Certificate

When applying for a Remote Pilot Certificate with a Small UAS Rating, in addition to the eligibility require-
ments of 14 CFR §107.61, you must meet one of the following:
• Applicant must provide an Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR), which shows that you have passed
the UAG aeronautical knowledge test as described in §107.73.
• If you hold a pilot certificate issued under Part 61 and meet the recency requirements specified in
§61.56, you must provide a certificate of completion of a Part 107 initial training course. A qualifying
initial training course is available at www.faasafety.gov. You must also show, via logbook entry or
other method acceptable to the Administrator, that you meet the flight review requirements of §61.56.
The application must be submitted to a Flight Standards District Office (FSDO), a designated pilot
examiner (DPE), an airman certification representative for a pilot school, a certified flight instructor (CFI),
or other person authorized by the Administrator to process the application.

English Language Proficiency

In accordance with the requirements of 14 CFR §107.61(b) and the FAA Aviation English Language
Proficiency standard, throughout the application and testing process, you must demonstrate the ability
to read, write, speak, and understand the English language.

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA xiii

Knowledge Exam References

The FAA references the following documents to write the FAA Knowledge Exam questions. You should
be familiar with all of these as part of your ground school studies, which you should complete before
starting test preparation:

14 CFR Part 47 Aircraft Registration

14 CFR Part 48 Registration and Marking Requirements for Unmanned Aircraft Systems
14 CFR Part 71 Designation of Class A, B, C, D and E Airspace Areas; Air Traffic Service Routes; and
Reporting Points
14 CFR Part 107 Operation and Certification of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems

FAA-H-8083-2 Risk Management Handbook

FAA-H-8083-25 Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
FAA-H-8083-3 Airplane Flying Handbook
FAA-G-8082-22 Remote Pilot sUAS Study Guide

AC 00-6 Aviation Weather

AC 00-45 Aviation Weather Services
AC 91-57 Model Aircraft Operating Standards
AC 150-5200-32 Reporting Wildlife Aircraft Strikes
AC 107-2 Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS)

Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM)

Chart Supplement U.S. (formerly Airport/Facility Directory or A/FD)

SAFO 09013 Fighting Fires Caused By Lithium Type Batteries in Portable Electronic Devices
SAFO 10015 Flying in the Wire Environment
SAFO 10017 Risks in Transporting Lithium Batteries in Cargo by Aircraft
SAFO 15010 Carriage of Spare Lithium Batteries in Carry-on and Checked Baggage

Visit the ASA website for these and many more titles and pilot supplies for your aviation endeavors:
www.asa2fly.com

Visit the Reader Resource for this book (www.asa2fly.com/reader/TPUAS) for additional resources
useful to both remote pilots and manned pilots operating in the presence of unmanned aircraft systems.

xiv ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

ASA Test Prep Layout

The sample FAA questions have been sorted into chapters according to subject matter. Within
each chapter, the questions have been further classified and all similar questions grouped together with
a concise discussion of the material covered in each group. This discussion material of “Chapter text”
is printed in a larger font and spans the entire width of the page. Immediately following the sample FAA
Question is ASA’s Explanation in italics. The last line of the Explanation contains the Learning Statement
Code and further reference (if applicable). See the EXAMPLE below.
Figures referenced by the Chapter text only are numbered with the appropriate chapter number,
i.e., “Figure 1-1” is Chapter 1’s first chapter-text figure.
Some Questions refer to Figures or Legends immediately following the question number, i.e.,
“1201. (Refer to Figure 2.).” These are FAA Figures and Legends which can be found in the FAA Airman
Knowledge Testing Supplement (CT-8080-2G). This supplement is bundled with the Test Prep and is the
exact material you will have access to when you take your computerized test. We provide it separately, so
you will become accustomed to referring to the FAA Figures and Legends as you would during the test.
Answers to each question are found at the bottom of each page.

EXAMPLE: Chapter text

Four aerodynamic forces are considered to be basic because they act upon an aircraft during all flight
maneuvers. There is the downward-acting force called WEIGHT which must be overcome by the
upward-acting force called LIFT, and there is the rearward-acting force called DRAG, which must be
overcome by the forward-acting force called THRUST.

Category rating. This question may

be found on tests for these ratings.

ALL See separate book: Airman

1201. (Refer to Figure 2.) The four forces acting on an Knowledge Testing Supplement
airplane in flight are (CT-8080-XX).
A— lift, weight, thrust, and drag.
B— lift, weight, gravity, and thrust.
Question and answer choices
C— lift, gravity, power, and friction.

Lift, weight, thrust, and drag are the four basic Explanation
aerodynamic forces acting on an aircraft in flight.
(PLT235) — FAA-H-8083-25 Code line. FAA Learning Statement
Answer (B) is incorrect because the force of gravity is always the same Code in parentheses, followed by
number and reacts with the airplane’s mass to produce a different
weight for almost every airplane. Answer (C) is incorrect because
references for further study.
weight is the final product of gravity, thrust is the final product of
power, and drag is the final product of friction. Power, gravity, and
friction are only parts of the aerodynamic forces of flight. Incorrect answer explanation. Reasons why
answer choices are incorrect explained here.
Note: The FAA does not identify which questions are
on the different rating tests. Unless the wording of a
question is pertinent to only one rating category, it
may be found on any of the tests.
ALL = Initial Unmanned Aircraft test
UGR = Recurrent Unmanned General test.

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA xv

xvi ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep
Chapter 1
Regulations
Introduction 1–3
Remote Pilot Certification 1–6
Remote Pilot Privileges 1–8
Supporting Crew Roles 1–9
Falsification, Reproduction, or Alteration 1 – 11
Accident Reporting 1 – 11
FAA Inspections 1 – 13
sUAS Registration 1 – 14
Preflight Action and Inspection 1 – 15
Carriage of Hazardous Material 1 – 16
Daylight Operations 1 – 17
Visual Line of Sight 1 – 17
Operating Limitations 1 – 18
Right-of-Way Rules 1 – 20
No Operation Over People 1 – 21
Operation from Moving Vehicles or Aircraft 1 – 22
Privacy and Other Considerations 1 – 24
Alcohol and Drugs 1 – 25
Change of Address 1 – 27
Waivers 1 – 28

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1–1

Chapter 1 Regulations

1–2 ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

 Chapter 1 Regulations

Introduction
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has adopted specific rules to allow the operation of civil small
unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) in the National Airspace System (NAS) for purposes other than
hobby and recreation. The rules are specified in Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR)
Part 107, “Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems.” Part 107 addresses sUAS classification, certification,
and operational limitations and applies to the operation of certain civil small unmanned aircraft within
the NAS. Except for certain excluded aircraft operations, any aircraft that meets the criteria below is
considered a small unmanned aircraft.
Small unmanned aircraft:
• Weigh less than 55 pounds (25 kg), including everything that is onboard or otherwise attached to the
aircraft.
• Are operated without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft.
You will see a number of different terms throughout this book used to refer to sUAS. This includes
unmanned aircraft, small unmanned aircraft, UA, UAS, and sUAS. Any of these terms may be found on
your FAA Knowledge Exam.
An sUAS includes the unmanned aircraft itself and its associated elements that are required for safe
operation, such as communication links and components that control the aircraft.
Not all small unmanned aircraft are subject to 14 CFR Part 107. Part 107 does not apply to model
aircraft that meet the criteria in 14 CFR §101.41 (for aircraft that meet the conditions in section 336 of
Public Law 112-95), e.g. amateur rockets, moored balloons or unmanned free balloons, kites, operations
conducted outside the United States, public aircraft operations, and air carrier operations. Hobbyists
conducting recreational operations should follow the procedures in Advisory Circular (AC) 91-57, Model
Aircraft Operating Standards, as well as 14 CFR §§101.41 and 101.43.
An in-flight emergency is an unexpected and unforeseen serious occurrence or situation that requires
urgent, prompt action. In case of an in-flight emergency, the remote pilot-in-command (PIC) is permitted
to deviate from any rule of Part 107 to the extent necessary to respond to that emergency. A remote PIC
who exercises this emergency power to deviate from the rules of Part 107 is required, upon FAA request,
to send a written report to the FAA explaining the deviation. Emergency action should be taken in such
a way as to minimize injury or damage to property.
The following defined terms are pertinent to the Remote Pilot with an sUAS rating:
control station (CS)—An interface used by the remote pilot or the person manipulating the controls
to control the flight path of the small UA.
corrective lenses—Spectacles or contact lenses.
model aircraft—A UA that is:
• Capable of sustained flight in the atmosphere;
• Flown within visual line-of-sight (VLOS) of the person operating the aircraft; and
• Flown for hobby or recreational purposes.
person manipulating the controls—A person other than the remote pilot-in-command (PIC) who
is controlling the flight of an sUAS under the supervision of the remote PIC.
public aircraft—Means any of the following:
• An aircraft used only for the United States Government.
• An aircraft owned by the United States government and operated by any person for purposes
related to crew training, equipment development, or demonstration.
Continued

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1–3

Chapter 1 Regulations

• An aircraft owned and operated by the government of a State, the District of Columbia, or a territory
or possession of the United States or a political subdivision of one of these governments.
• An aircraft exclusively leased for at least 90 continuous days by the government of a state, the
District of Columbia, or a territory or possession of the United States or a political subdivision of
one of these governments.
• An aircraft owned or operated by the armed forces or chartered to provide transportation or other
commercial air service to the armed forces.
remote pilot-in-command (remote PIC or remote pilot)—A person who holds a remote pilot cer-
tificate with an sUAS rating and has the final authority and responsibility for the operation and safety of
an sUAS operation conducted under Part 107.
small unmanned aircraft (UA)—A UA weighing less than 55 pounds, including everything that is
onboard or otherwise attached to the aircraft, and can be flown without the possibility of direct human
intervention from within or on the aircraft.
small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS)—A small UA and its associated elements (including
communication links and the components that control the small UA) that are required for the safe and
efficient operation of the small UA in the NAS.
unmanned aircraft (UA)—An aircraft operated without the possibility of direct human intervention
from within or on the aircraft.
visual observer (VO)—A person acting as a flightcrew member who assists the small UA remote
PIC and the person manipulating the controls to see and avoid other air traffic or objects aloft or on the
ground.

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1001. You are operating a 1,280 g (2.8 lb) quadcopter 1003. You plan to operate a 33 lb sUAS to capture
for your own enjoyment. What FAA regulation is this aerial imagery over real estate for use in sales listings.
sUAS operation subject to? What FAA regulation is this sUAS operation subject to?
A— 14 CFR Part 107. A— 14 CFR Part 107.
B— 14 CFR Part 48. B— 14 CFR Part 101.
C— This operation is not subject to FAA regulations. C— This operation is not subject to FAA regulations.

This operation is recreational in nature. However, Part This sUAS operation is subject to 14 CFR Part 107
48 “Registration and Marking Requirements for sUAS” because the aerial imagery is for the furtherance of a
applies for all operations of an sUAS over .55 pounds, business, making it commercial in nature. (PLT448) —
whether for work or your own enjoyment. (PLT443) — 14 CFR §107.3
14 CFR §107.3

ALL, UGR
ALL, UGR 1004. According to 14 CFR Part 107, an sUAS is an
1002. You have accepted football tickets in exchange for unmanned aircraft system weighing
using your sUAS to videotape a future construction zone. A— less than 55 lbs.
What FAA regulation is this sUAS operation subject to? B— 55 kg or less.
A— 14 CFR Part 107. C— 55 lbs or less.
B— 14 CFR Part 101.
C— This operation is not subject to FAA regulations. Small unmanned aircraft (sUAS) means an unmanned
aircraft weighing less than 55 pounds on takeoff, includ-
This sUAS operation is subject to 14 CFR Part 107 ing everything that is on board or otherwise attached
because compensation (money or otherwise) makes to the aircraft. (PLT395) — 14 CFR §107.1, AC 107-2
the operation commercial in nature. (PLT448) — 14
CFR §107.3
Answers
1001 [B] 1002 [A] 1003 [A] 1004 [A]

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 Chapter 1 Regulations

ALL, UGR In case of an in-flight emergency, the remote PIC is per-

1005. “Unmanned aircraft” is defined as a device mitted to deviate from any rule of Part 107 to the extent
operated necessary to respond to that emergency. (PLT444) — 14
A— during search and rescue operations other than CFR §107.21
public.
B— without the possibility of direct human
ALL, UGR
intervention from within or on the aircraft.
1009. What action, if any, is appropriate if the remote
C— for hobby and recreational use when not
pilot deviates from Part 107 during an emergency?
certificated.
A— Take no special action since you are pilot-in-
An unmanned aircraft means an aircraft operated command.
without the possibility of direct human intervention from B— File a detailed report to the FAA Administrator,
within or on the aircraft. (PLT395) — 14 CFR §§107.1 upon request.
and 107.3, AC 107-2 C— File a report to the FAA Administrator, as soon as
possible.

ALL, UGR Each remote PIC who deviates from a rule in Part 107
1006. Which of the following types of operations are must, upon request of the FAA Administrator, send a
excluded from the requirements in 14 CFR Part 107? written report of that deviation to the Administrator.
A— Model aircraft for hobby use. (PLT403) — 14 CFR §107.21
B— Quadcopter capturing aerial imagery for crop
monitoring.
ALL, UGR
C— UAS used for motion picture filming.
1280. Which of these operations must comply with 14
14 CFR Part 107 does not apply to model aircraft that CFR Part 107?
meet the criteria in 14 CFR §101.41, amateur rockets, A— Civil operations.
moored balloons or unmanned free balloons, kites, B— Civil and public operations.
operations conducted outside the United States, public C— Public and military operations.
aircraft operations, and air carrier operations. (PLT448)
— 14 CFR §107.1, AC 107-2 Part 107 addresses sUAS operations of certain civil
small unmanned aircraft within the National Airspace
System. (PLT528) — 14 CFR Part 107
ALL, UGR
1007. Which of the following operations would be regu-
lated by 14 CFR Part 107? ALL, UGR
1010. To avoid a possible collision with a manned air-
A— Conducting public operations during a search
plane, you estimate that your small unmanned aircraft
mission.
climbed to an altitude greater than 600 feet AGL. To
B— Flying for enjoyment with family and friends.
whom must you report the deviation?
C— Operating your sUAS for an imagery company.
A— Upon request of the Federal Aviation
Part 107 regulates commercial sUAS operations. Administration.
(PLT448) — 14 CFR §§107.41 and 107.1 B— The National Transportation Safety Board.
C— Air Traffic Control.

ALL, UGR Each remote PIC who deviates from a rule in Part 107
1008. As a remote pilot with an sUAS rating, under must, upon request of the FAA Administrator, send a
which situation can you deviate from 14 CFR Part 107? written report of that deviation to the Administrator.
A— When conducting public operations during a (PLT403) — 14 CFR §107.21
search mission.
B— Flying for enjoyment with family and friends.
C— In response to an in-flight emergency.

Answers
1005 [B] 1006 [A] 1007 [C] 1008 [C] 1009 [B] 1280 [A]
1010 [A]

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1–5

Chapter 1 Regulations

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1011. When an ATC clearance has been obtained, no 1342. 14 CFR Part 107 applies to
remote PIC may deviate from that clearance, unless that A— public sUAS.
pilot obtains an amended clearance. The one exception B— civil sUAS.
to this regulation is C— all sUAS.
A— when the clearance states “at pilot’s discretion.”
B— an emergency. Part 107 only applies to civil small unmanned aircraft
C— if the clearance contains a restriction. systems. (PLT443) — 14 CFR Part 107

Except in an emergency, no person may operate an

aircraft contrary to an ATC clearance or instruction.
(PLT403) — 14 CFR §107.21

Remote Pilot Certification

When a pilot certificate is issued, it lists the certification level which defines the privileges and limitations
of that certificate holder, such as Remote Pilot, Private Pilot, Flight Instructor, or Airline Transport Pilot
(ATP). Additionally, the issued pilot certificate will include the category of aircraft in which the certificate
holder is qualified. The term “category” means a broad classification of aircraft, such as airplane, rotor-
craft, glider, and lighter-than-air. Small unmanned aircraft (sUAS) is a “rating.”
An sUAS operation may involve one individual or a team of crewmembers. These sUAS crew roles
include:
• Remote PIC —a person who holds a current remote pilot certificate with an sUAS rating and has the
final authority and responsibility for the operation and safety of the sUAS.
• Person manipulating the controls—a person controlling the sUAS under direct supervision of the
remote PIC, or the remote PIC themselves, if controlling the sUAS.
• Visual observer (VO)—a person acting as a flight crewmember to help see and avoid air traffic or
other objects in the sky, overhead, or on the ground.

In the aviation context, the FAA typically refers to “licensing” as “certification.” Just like a manned
aircraft pilot-in-command, the remote PIC of an sUAS is directly responsible for, and is the final authority
as to the operation of that UAS. The remote PIC will have final authority over the flight. Additionally, a
person manipulating the controls can participate in flight operations under certain conditions.
A person acting as a remote PIC of an sUAS in the National Airspace System under Part 107 must
obtain a Remote Pilot certificate with an sUAS rating issued by the FAA prior to sUAS operation. The
remote PIC must have this certificate easily accessible during flight operations.
To apply for a Part 107 remote pilot certificate with an sUAS rating, you must satisfy the following
eligibility requirements:
• Be at least 16 years old
• Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language (FAA may make exceptions for
medical reasons)
• Be in a physical and mental condition that would not interfere with the safe operation of sUAS
• Fulfill training and testing requirements (defined in 14 CFR Part 107)

Answers
1011 [B] 1342 [B]

1–6 ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

 Chapter 1 Regulations

Applicants for a Part 107 Remote Pilot certificate with an sUAS rating must meet the following require-
ments in order to gain and retain the knowledge necessary to safely operate UAS in the NAS.

Recurrent Requirements
Applicant Initial Requirements
(every 24 months)
Part 61 Pilot Certificate Holder with The faasafety.gov initial The recurrent online course, or the
a Current Flight Review (per 14 online course, or the FAA UAG FAA UGR Knowledge Exam
CFR Part §61.56) Knowledge Exam
Any Other Applicant The FAA UAG Knowledge Exam The FAA UAG Knowledge Exam

After you satisfy the applicable training or testing requirements, you may apply for a Part 107 Remote
Pilot certificate with an sUAS rating through an online or paper process. The FAA encourages the use of
an online application through the Integrated Airman Certificate and/or Rating Application (IACRA).
A paper process is available using FAA Form 8710-13, Remote Pilot Certificate and/or Rating Applica-
tion, however the paper application requires increased processing time and will delay the issuance of
your permanent certificate. The application must be submitted to a Flight Standards Office (FSDO),
a designated pilot examiner (DPE), an airman certification representative for a pilot school, a certified
flight instructor (CFI), or other person authorized by an FAA Administrator to process the application. A
temporary certificate will be issued, valid until receipt of the permanent certificate or for up to 120 cal-
endar days.
After the FAA receives the application, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) will auto-
matically conduct a background security screening of the applicant prior to issuance of a remote pilot
certificate. If the security screening is successful, the FAA will issue a permanent remote pilot certificate.
If the security screening is not successful, the applicant will be disqualified and a pilot certificate will not
be issued. Individuals who believe that they improperly failed a security threat assessment may appeal
the decision to the TSA.
Remote Pilot certificate holders with an sUAS rating must meet the recurrent training requirements
every 24 months. This retraining can be satisfied by completing the online FAA course or taking the FAA
Knowledge Exam.

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1012. Which of the following individuals may process 1013. After receiving a Part 107 remote pilot certificate
an application for a Part 107 Remote Pilot certificate with an sUAS rating, how often must you satisfy recur-
with an sUAS rating? rent training requirements?
A— Commercial balloon pilot. A— Every 6 months.
B— Remote pilot in command. B— Every 12 months.
C— Designated Pilot Examiner. C— Every 24 months.

The remote pilot application must be submitted to a Remote Pilot certificate holders with an sUAS rating
Flight Standards District Office (FSDO), a designated must meet the recurrent training requirements every 24
pilot examiner (DPE), an airman certification representa- months. This retraining can be satisfied by completing
tive for a pilot school, a certified flight instructor (CFI), or the online FAA course or taking the FAA Knowledge
other person authorized by the Administrator to process Exam. (PLT442) — 14 CFR Part §§107.63 and 107.65,
the application. (PLT448) — 14 CFR §§107.63 and 61.56 AC 107-2

Answers
1012 [C] 1013 [C]

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1–7

Chapter 1 Regulations

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1014. To satisfy medical requirements, all sUAS crew- 1015. Which of the following would medically disqualify
members must a Remote Pilot?
A— hold a valid third-class medical certificate. A— Taking a prescription medication that does not
B— be free of any physical or mental condition that have any noticeable side effects.
would interfere with the safe operation of the B— A migraine headache with the side effect of
small unmanned aircraft system. blurred vision.
C— complete a physical with an Aviation Medical C— Occasional muscle soreness following exercise.
Examiner.
No person may manipulate the flight controls of an
No person may manipulate the flight controls of a small sUAS or act as a remote PIC, visual observer, or direct
unmanned aircraft system or act as a remote pilot-in- participant in the operation of the small unmanned
command, visual observer, or direct participant in the aircraft if he or she knows or has reason to know that
operation of the small unmanned aircraft if he or she he or she has a physical or mental condition that would
knows or has reason to know that he or she has a interfere with the safe operation of the sUAS. (PLT427)
physical or mental condition that would interfere with the — 14 CFR §107.17
safe operation of the small unmanned aircraft system.
(PLT427) — 14 CFR §107.17

Remote Pilot Privileges

The remote PIC is directly responsible for and is the final authority as to the operation of the sUAS con-
ducted under 14 CFR Part 107. He or she must:
• Be designated before each flight (but can change during the flight).
• Ensure that the operation poses no undue hazard to people, aircraft, or property in the event of a
loss of control of the aircraft for any reason.
• Operate the small unmanned aircraft to ensure compliance with all applicable provisions and
regulations.

Being able to safely operate the sUAS relies on, among other things, the physical and mental capa-
bilities of the remote PIC, person manipulating the controls, VO, and any other direct participant in the
sUAS operation. Though the person manipulating the controls of an sUAS and VO are not required to
obtain an airman medical certificate, they may not participate in the operation of an sUAS if they know
or have reason to know that they have a physical or mental condition that could interfere with the safe
operation of the sUAS.
A person may not operate or act as a remote PIC or VO in the operation of more than one UA at the
same time. Additionally, Part 107 allows transfer of control of an sUAS between certificated remote pilots.
Two or more certificated remote pilots transferring operational control (i.e., the remote PIC designation)
to each other may do so only if they are both capable of maintaining VLOS of the UA and without loss of
control (LOC). For example, one remote pilot may be designated the remote PIC at the beginning of the
operation, and then at some point in the operation another remote pilot may take over as remote PIC by
positively communicating that he or she is doing so. As the person responsible for the safe operation
of the UAS, any remote pilot who will assume remote PIC duties should meet all of the requirements of
Part 107, including awareness of factors that could affect the flight.

Answers
1014 [B] 1015 [B]

1–8 ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

 Chapter 1 Regulations

ALL, UGR The remote PIC must hold a Part 107 remote pilot
1016. Who is responsible for ensuring that there are certificate with an sUAS rating before conducting any
enough crewmembers for a given sUAS operation? sUAS operation. (PLT443) — 14 CFR §107.12
A— Remote pilot in command.
B— Person manipulating the controls.
ALL, UGR
C— Visual observer.
1019. When using a small unmanned aircraft in a com-
The remote PIC is ultimately responsible for assessing mercial operation, who is responsible for briefing the
the needs of the operation and preparing sufficient sup- participants about emergency procedures?
port crewmembers to ensure the safety of the operation. A— The lead visual observer.
(PLT440) — 14 CFR §107.12 B— The FAA inspector-in-charge.
C— The remote pilot in command.

ALL, UGR Prior to flight, the remote PIC must ensure that all per-
1017. Who is ultimately responsible for preventing a sons directly participating in the small unmanned aircraft
hazardous situation before an accident occurs? operation are informed about the operating conditions,
A— Remote pilot in command. emergency procedures, contingency procedures, roles
B— Person manipulating the controls. and responsibilities, and potential hazards. (PLT441) —
C— Visual observer. 14 CFR §107.49, AC 107-2

The remote PIC is ultimately responsible for identifying

hazards and taking appropriate action (or intervening ALL, UGR
when another person is manipulating the controls) to 1020. The remote PIC may operate how many sUAS
ensure the safety of the flight. (PLT440) — 14 CFR at a time?
§107.12 A— 1.
B— 5.
C— No more than 2.
ALL, UGR
1018. Which crewmember must hold a remote pilot A person may not operate or act as a remote pilot-in-
certificate with an sUAS rating? command or visual observer in the operation of more
A— Remote pilot in command. than one unmanned aircraft at the same time. (PLT373)
B— Person manipulating the controls. — 14 CFR §107.35
C— Visual observer.

Supporting Crew Roles

A person who does not hold a remote pilot certificate or a remote pilot that that has not met the recurrent
testing/training requirements of Part 107 may operate the flight controls of an sUAS under Part 107, as
long as he or she is directly supervised by a remote PIC and the remote PIC has the ability to immedi-
ately take direct control of the sUAS. This ability is necessary to ensure that the remote PIC can quickly
address any hazardous situation before an accident occurs.
The remote PIC can take over the flight controls by using a number of different methods. For example,
the operation could involve a “buddy box” type of system that uses two control stations (CS): one for the
person manipulating the flight controls, and one for the remote PIC that allows the remote PIC to override
the other CS and immediately take direct control of the small UA. Another method involves the remote
PIC standing close enough to the person manipulating the flight controls to be able to physically take
over the CS from that person. A third method could employ the use of an automation system whereby
the remote PIC could immediately engage that system to put the small UA in a pre-programmed “safe”
mode (such as in a hover, in a holding pattern, or “return home”).
Continued

Answers
1016 [A] 1017 [A] 1018 [A] 1019 [C] 1020 [A]

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1–9

Chapter 1 Regulations

An autonomous operation is when the autopilot onboard the UA performs certain functions without
direct pilot input. For example, the remote pilot can input a flight route into the CS, which then sends it
to the autopilot that is installed in the small UA. During autonomous flight, flight control inputs are made
by components onboard the aircraft, not from a CS. Thus, the remote PIC could lose the control link to
the small UA and the aircraft would still continue to fly the programmed mission and/or return home to
land.
When the UA is flying autonomously, the remote PIC also must have the ability to change routing
or altitude, or to command the aircraft to land immediately. The ability to direct the small UA may be
through manual manipulation of the flight controls or through commands using automation. The remote
PIC must retain the ability to direct the small UA to ensure compliance with the requirements of Part 107.
There are different methods a remote PIC may utilize to direct the small UA to ensure compliance with
Part 107. For example, the remote PIC may transmit a command for the autonomous aircraft to climb,
descend, land now, proceed to a new waypoint, enter an orbit pattern, or return to home. Any of these
methods may be used to satisfactorily avoid a hazard or give right-of-way. The use of automation does
not allow a person to simultaneously operate more than one small UA.
The role of visual observers (VOs) is to alert the rest of the crew about potential hazards during
sUAS operations. The use of VOs is optional. However, the remote PIC may use one or more VOs to
supplement situational awareness and VLOS responsibilities while the remote PIC is conducting other
mission-critical duties (such as checking displays). The remote PIC must make certain that all VOs:
• Are positioned in a location where they are able to see the sUAS continuously and sufficiently to
maintain VLOS.
• Possess a means to effectively communicate the sUAS position and the position of other aircraft to
the remote PIC and person manipulating the controls.

ALL, UGR A person who does not hold a Remote Pilot certificate
1021. Which crewmember is required to be under the or a remote pilot that that has not met the recurrent test-
direct supervision of the remote PIC when operating ing/training requirements of Part 107 may operate the
an sUAS? sUAS under Part 107, as long as he or she is directly
A— Remote pilot in command. supervised by a remote PIC and the remote PIC has the
B— Person manipulating the controls. ability to immediately take direct control of the sUAS.
C— Visual observer. (PLT373) — 14 CFR §107.12

A non-certificated person may manipulate the controls

of the sUAS only if he or she is under the direct super- ALL, UGR
vision of the remote PIC. (PLT373) — 14 CFR §107.12 1023. Whose sole task during an sUAS operation is
to watch the sUAS and report potential hazards to the
rest of the crew?
ALL, UGR A— Remote pilot in command.
1022. A person without a Part 107 Remote Pilot certifi- B— Person manipulating the controls.
cate may operate an sUAS for commercial operations C— Visual observer.
A— under the direct supervision of a remote PIC.
B— only when visual observers participate in the The visual observer (when asked by the remote PIC)
operation. maintains visual line of sight with the sUAS and reports
C— alone, if operating during daylight hours. any potential hazards to the remote PIC and person
manipulating the controls. (PLT440) — 14 CFR §107.33

Answers
1021 [B] 1022 [A] 1023 [C]

1 – 10 ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

 Chapter 1 Regulations

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1024. Which of the following crewmembers must be 1025. An autonomous operation requires the following
used during Part 107 sUAS operations? crewmembers.
A— Remote PIC. A— Remote PIC.
B— Remote PIC and visual observer. B— Remote PIC and visual observer.
C— Remote PIC, visual observer, and person C— Remote PIC, visual observer, and person
manipulating the controls. manipulating the controls.

A remote pilot-in-command must be used during Part An autonomous operation does not negate the require-
107 sUAS operations. A visual observer is optional. The ment for a remote PIC. An autonomous operation is
person manipulating the controls may be the remote generally considered an operation in which the remote
PIC, or must be operating under the direct supervision pilot inputs a flight plan into the control station, which
of the remote PIC. (PLT440) — 14 CFR §107.19 sends it to the autopilot onboard the small UA. (PLT440)
— AC 107-2

Falsification, Reproduction, or Alteration

The FAA relies on information provided by owners and remote pilots of sUAS when it authorizes operations
or when it has to make a compliance determination. Accordingly, the FAA may take appropriate action
against an sUAS owner, operator, remote PIC, or anyone else who fraudulently or knowingly provides
false records or reports, or otherwise reproduces or alters any records, reports, or other information for
fraudulent purposes. Such action could include civil sanctions and the suspension or revocation of a
certificate or waiver.

ALL, UGR 14 CFR §65.20 states that any person who falsifies or
1026. Under Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations, makes a fraudulent entry in a logbook, report, or record
what is the maximum penalty for falsification, alteration, is subject to the suspension or revocation of any airman
or fraudulent reproduction of certificates, logbooks, or ground instructor certificate or rating held by that
reports, and records? person. (PLT454) — 14 CFR §107.5
A— Ineligibility to receive any certificate or rating for
one year.
B— Imprisonment for one year and a $5,000.00 fine.
C— Suspension or revocation of any certificate held.

Accident Reporting
The remote PIC must report any sUAS accident to the FAA, within 10 days of the operation, if any of
the following thresholds are met:
• Serious injury to any person or any loss of consciousness.
• Damage to any property, other than the small unmanned aircraft, if the cost is greater than $500 to
repair or replace the property (whichever is lower).

For example, a small UA damages property of which the fair market value is $200, and it would cost
$600 to repair the damage. Because the fair market value is below $500, this accident is not required to
be reported. Similarly, if the aircraft causes $200 worth of damage to property whose fair market value
is $600, that accident is also not required to be reported because the repair cost is below $500.
Continued

Answers
1024 [A] 1025 [A] 1026 [C]

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1 – 11

Chapter 1 Regulations

The accident report must be made within 10 calendar-days of the operation that created the injury
or damage. The report may be submitted to the appropriate FAA Regional Operations Center (ROC)
or FSDO electronically (www.faa.gov/uas) or by telephone. The report should include the following
information:
1. sUAS remote PIC’s name and contact information;
2. sUAS remote PIC’s FAA airman certificate number;
3. sUAS registration number issued to the aircraft, if required (FAA registration number);
4. Location of the accident;
5. Date of the accident;
6. Time of the accident;
7. Person(s) injured and extent of injury, if any or known;
8. Property damaged and extent of damage, if any or known; and
9. Description of what happened.

A serious injury qualifies as Level 3 or higher on the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) of the Asso-
ciation for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. This scale is an anatomical scoring system that
is widely used by emergency medical personnel. In the AIS system, injuries are ranked on a scale of 1
to 6; Level 1 is a minor injury, Level 2 is moderate, Level 3 is serious, Level 4 is severe, Level 5 is criti-
cal, and Level 6 is a nonsurvivable injury. It would be considered a serious injury if a person requires
hospitalization, and the injury is fully reversible including, but not limited to:
• Head trauma.
• Broken bone(s).
• Laceration(s) to the skin that requires suturing.

In addition to this FAA report, and in accordance with the criteria established by the National Trans-
portation Safety Board (NTSB), certain sUAS accidents must also be reported to the NTSB.

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1027. You are part of a news crew, operating an sUAS 1316. A small UA causes an accident and your crew
to cover a breaking story. You experience a flyaway member loses consciousness. When do you report the
during landing. The unmanned aircraft strikes a vehicle, accident?
causing approximately $800 worth of damage. When A— No accidents need to be reported.
must you report the accident to the FAA? B— When requested by the UA owner.
A— Anytime. C— Within 10 days of the accident.
B— Within 10 days.
C— Not to exceed 30 days. Report any sUAS accident to the FAA within 10 days
if it results in serious injury, loss of consciousness, or
Report any sUAS accident to the FAA within 10 days repairs costing over $500. (PLT366) — 14 CFR §107.9
if it results in serious injury, loss of consciousness, or
repairs costing over $500. (PLT366) — 14 CFR §107.9
ALL, UGR
1028. Within how many days must an sUAS accident
be reported to the FAA?
A— 90 days.
B— 10 days.
C— 30 days.

Answers
1027 [B] 1316 [C] 1028 [B]

1 – 12 ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

 Chapter 1 Regulations

Report any sUAS accident to the FAA within 10 days ALL, UGR
if it results in serious injury, loss of consciousness, or 1030. As you are flying your sUAS, valued at $1,000,
repairs costing over $500. (PLT366) — 14 CFR §107.9 over a home to photograph it for real estate sales pur-
poses, the sUAS has a failure causing it to fall onto an
awning causing some minor damage. The fair market
ALL, UGR value of the awning is $800 but it can be repaired for
1029. While operating a small unmanned aircraft system $400. What type of report is required?
(sUAS), you experience a flyaway and several people
A— An sUAS accident report to the FAA, within 10
suffer injuries. Which of the following injuries requires
days of the operation.
reporting to the FAA?
B— An sUAS incident report to the FAA, within 10
A— An injury requiring an overnight hospital stay. days of the operation.
B— Scrapes and cuts bandaged on site. C— No report is required.
C— Minor bruises.
No report is required because the damage can be
The remote PIC must report any sUAS accident to the repaired for less than $500. A report is required only
FAA, within 10 days of the operation, if a serious injury when damage to any property, other than the small UA,
to any person or any loss of consciousness occurs. It is greater than $500 to repair or replace the property
would be considered a serious injury if a person requires (whichever is lower). The cost of the sUAS is not con-
hospitalization. (PLT366) — 14 CFR §107.9, AC 107-2 sidered when determining if an event is considered to
be an accident or incident. (PLT366) — 14 CFR §107.9,
AC 107-2

FAA Inspections
You must make available to the FAA, upon request, the sUAS for inspection or testing. In addition, you
must verify before flight that all required documentation is physically or electronically available in the
event of an on-site FAA inspection. Such documentation may include:
• Pilot certificate;
• Aircraft registration;
• Any necessary waiver or exemption; or
• Other documentation related to the operation.

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1031. When must a current remote pilot certificate be 1032. Each person who holds a pilot certificate, a U.S.
in the pilot’s personal possession or readily accessible driver’s license, or a medical certificate shall present it
in the aircraft? for inspection upon the request of the Administrator, the
A— When acting as a crew chief during launch and National Transportation Safety Board, or any
recovery. A— authorized representative of the Administrator of
B— Only when a payload is carried. the Department of Transportation.
C— Anytime when acting as pilot-in-command or as a B— authorized representative of the Department of
required crewmember. State.
C— federal, state, or local law enforcement officer.
No person may act as pilot-in-command (PIC), or in any
other capacity as a required pilot flight crewmember A remote pilot-in-command, owner, or person manipu-
when operating a sUAS unless he or she has in pos- lating the flight controls of a small unmanned aircraft
session or readily accessible a current pilot certificate. system must, upon request, make available to the
(PLT448) — 14 CFR §107.7 Administrator: (1) the remote pilot certificate with a
small UAS rating; and (2) any other document, record,
or report required. (PLT448) — 14 CFR §107.7

Answers
1029 [A] 1030 [C] 1031 [C] 1032 [A]

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1 – 13

Chapter 1 Regulations

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1304. If requested, to whom must I present my Remote 1324. Upon request by the FAA, the remote pilot-in-
Pilot Certificate? command must provide
A— A person of authority. A— a logbook documenting small UA landing
B— FAA Inspector. currency.
C— Authorized representative of the Department of B— a remote pilot certificate with a small UAS rating.
State. C— any employer issued photo identification.

A remote pilot-in-command, owner, or person manipu- A remote pilot-in-command, owner, or person manipu-
lating the flight controls of a small unmanned aircraft lating the flight controls of a small unmanned aircraft
system must, upon request, make available to the system must, upon request, make available to the
Administrator: (1) the remote pilot certificate with a Administrator: (1) the remote pilot certificate with a
small UAS rating; and (2) any other document, record, small UAS rating; and (2) any other document, record,
or report required. (PLT442) — 14 CFR §107.7 or report required. (PLT399) — 14 CFR §107.7

sUAS Registration
Most sUAS must be registered with the FAA prior to operating in the NAS. Owners must register the sUAS
if it is greater than 0.55 pounds, less than 55 pounds, and operated under the provisions of 14 CFR Part
107. The owner must satisfy the registration requirements described in 14 CFR Part 47, “Aircraft Regis-
tration,” or Part 48, “Registration and Marking Requirements for Small Unmanned Aircraft.” The sUAS
must be registered by a person who is at least 13 years of age. 14 CFR Part 48 establishes the online
registration option for sUAS that will be operated only within the territorial limits of the United States.
An sUAS operation requires a Foreign Aircraft Permit if it involves a civil aircraft that is:
• Registered in a foreign country; or
• Owned, controlled, or operated by someone who is not a U.S. citizen or permanent resident.

If either criteria is met, the remote PIC should obtain a Foreign Aircraft Permit pursuant to 14 CFR
§375.41 before conducting any operations.
Before operation, mark the sUAS to identify that it is registered with the FAA. The registration mark-
ing must be:
• A unique identifier number. This is typically the FAA-issued registration number or the serial number,
if authorized during registration.
• Legible and durable. Sample methods include engraving, permanent marker, or self-adhesive label.
• Visible. The unique identifier must be legibly displayed on an external surface of the sUAS.

An FAA airworthiness certification is not required for sUAS. However, the remote PIC must maintain
and inspect the sUAS prior to each flight to ensure that it is in a condition for safe operation. For example,
inspect the aircraft for equipment damage or malfunctions.

Answers
1304 [B] 1324 [B]

1 – 14 ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

 Chapter 1 Regulations

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1033. According to 14 CFR Part 48, when would a small 1035. Under what conditions would a small unmanned
unmanned aircraft owner not be permitted to register it? aircraft not have to be registered before it is operated
A— All persons must register their small unmanned in the United States?
aircraft. A— When the aircraft weighs less than .55 pounds on
B— If the owner does not have a valid United States takeoff, including everything that is on-board or
driver’s license. attached to the aircraft.
C— The owner is less than 13 years of age. B— When the aircraft has a takeoff weight that is
more than .55 pounds but less than 55 pounds,
The sUAS must be registered by a person who is at not including fuel and necessary attachments.
least 13 years of age. (PLT530) — 14 CFR §§107.13 C— All small unmanned aircraft need to be registered
and 91.203 regardless of the weight of the aircraft before,
during, or after the flight.
ALL, UGR Owners must register the sUAS if it is greater than 0.55
1034. According to 14 CFR Part 48, when must a lbs, less than 55 pounds and operated under the provi-
person register a small UA with the Federal Aviation sions of 14 CFR Part 107. (PLT530) — 14 CFR §107.13
Administration? Answer (B) is incorrect because the question is asking when regis-
A— All civilian small UAs weighing greater than .55 tration is not required. Answer (C) is incorrect because sUAS must
be registered if the device is between 0.55 and 55 pounds.
pounds must be registered regardless of its
intended use.
B— When the small UA is used for any purpose other ALL, UGR
than as a model aircraft. 1343. A civil small unmanned aircraft operating under
C— Only when the operator will be paid for Part 107 is permitted to
commercial services.
A— have dual registration in both the U.S. and a
Owners must register the sUAS if it is greater than 0.55 foreign country.
pounds, less than 55 pounds, and operated under the B— operate only if possessing a U.S. registration
provisions of 14 CFR Part 107 which regulate commercial certificate.
sUAS operations. (PLT530) — 14 CFR §107.13 C— operate if possessing either a U.S. registration or
a foreign registration certificate.

To operate under 14 CFR Part 107 within the United

States, a civil sUAS must have an effective U.S. Cer-
tificate of Aircraft Registration issued to its owner, the
second copy of the Aircraft Registration Application as
described by 14 CFR §47.31(c), a Certificate of Aircraft
Registration as provided by Part 48, or a registration
certification issued under the laws of a foreign country.
(PLT530) — 14 CFR Part 107

Preflight Action and Inspection

The remote PIC must complete a preflight familiarization, inspection, and other actions, such as crew-
member briefings, prior to beginning flight operations. Before beginning any sUAS flight operation:
• Assess the operating environment including local weather conditions, local airspace, flight restric-
tions, the location of persons and property on the surface, and other ground hazards.
• Inform any supporting crewmembers about the operation and their roles including operating condi-
tions, emergency procedures, contingency procedures, roles and responsibilities of each person
involved in the operation, as well as potential hazards.
Continued
Answers
1033 [C] 1034 [A] 1035 [A] 1343 [C]

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1 – 15

Chapter 1 Regulations

• Inspect the sUAS to see that it is in a condition for safe operation, ensuring that all control links
between the control station and the small unmanned aircraft are working properly, there is sufficient
power to continue controlled flight operations to a normal landing, any object attached or carried by
the sUAS is secure and does not adversely affect the flight characteristics or controllability of the
aircraft, and the unique identifier is readily accessible and visible upon inspection of the sUAS.
• Maintain documents required in the event of an on-site FAA inspection, including the remote PIC’s
Remote Pilot certificate, aircraft registration (if required), and Certificate of Waiver (CoW) (if applicable).

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1036. According to 14 CFR Part 107, the responsibility 1037. Which preflight action is specifically required of
to inspect the small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS) the pilot prior to each flight?
to ensure it is in safe operating condition rests with the A— Check the aircraft logbooks for appropriate
A— owner of the sUAS. entries.
B— visual observer. B— Assess the operating environment including local
C— remote pilot-in-command. weather conditions, local airspace and any flight
restrictions, the location of persons and property
The remote PIC must complete a preflight familiarization, on the surface, and other ground hazards.
inspection, and other actions, such as crewmember C— Visually inspect the pilot certificates of all crew
briefings, prior to beginning flight operations. (PLT372) members.
— 14 CFR §107.49
Each remote pilot shall, before each flight, assess the
operating environment including local weather condi-
tions, local airspace and any flight restrictions, the loca-
tion of persons and property on the surface, and other
ground hazards.(PLT445) — 14 CFR §107.49

Carriage of Hazardous Material

A small unmanned aircraft may not carry hazardous material. Hazardous material means a substance
or material that the Secretary of Transportation has determined is capable of posing an unreasonable
risk to health, safety, and property when transported in commerce. The term includes hazardous sub-
stances, hazardous wastes, marine pollutants, elevated temperature materials, and materials that meet
the defining criteria for hazard classes and divisions in 49 CFR Part 173.
Lithium batteries that are installed in an sUAS for power during the operation are not considered a
hazardous material under Part 107. However, spare (uninstalled) lithium batteries would meet the defini-
tion of hazardous material and may not be carried on the sUAS.

ALL, UGR Lithium batteries that are installed in an sUAS for power
1038. Under what circumstances may lithium batteries during the operation are not considered a hazardous
be carried during sUAS operations? material under Part 107. However, spare (uninstalled)
A— Lithium batteries are prohibited from sUAS lithium batteries would meet the definition of hazardous
operations. material and may not be carried on the sUAS. (PLT405)
B— Lithium batteries may be carried in a sealed — AC 107-2
storage container away from the sUAS fuel
source.
C— Lithium batteries may be carried only when
installed as the primary power for the operation.

Answers
1036 [C] 1037 [B] 1038 [C]

1 – 16 ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

 Chapter 1 Regulations

Daylight Operations
14 CFR Part 107 prohibits operation of a small UAS at night, defined in 14 CFR Part 1 as the time between
the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight, as published in the Federal
Air Almanac and converted to local time. The Federal Air Almanac provides tables to determine sunrise
and sunset at various latitudes. For example:
• In the contiguous United States, evening civil twilight is the period from sunset until 30 minutes after
sunset and morning civil twilight is the period of 30 minutes prior to sunrise until sunrise.
• In Alaska, the definition of civil twilight differs and is described in the Federal Air Almanac.
When sUAS operations are conducted during civil twilight, the sUAS must be equipped with anti-
collision lights that are capable of being visible for at least 3 statute miles. However, the remote PIC
may reduce the intensity of the lighting if he or she has determined that it would be in the interest of
operational safety to do so. For example, the remote PIC may momentarily reduce the lighting intensity
if it impacts his or her night vision.

ALL, UGR A remote pilot may not act as pilot-in-command of an

1039. According to 14 CFR Part 107, what is required sUAS at night. A remote pilot must land by the end of
to operate a small unmanned aircraft within 30 minutes evening twilight. (PLT220) — 14 CFR §107.29
after official sunset?
A— Use of a transponder.
ALL, UGR
B— Use of lighted anti-collision lights.
1274. Sunrise is 0645. When can you launch your
C— Must be operated in a rural area.
sUAS operation?
When sUAS operations are conducted during civil A— 0645.
twilight, the sUAS must be equipped with anti-collision B— 0615.
lights that are capable of being visible for at least 3 C— 0715.
statute miles. (PLT119) — 14 CFR §107.29
A remote pilot may not act as pilot-in-command of an
sUAS at night. Night is defined as the time between
ALL, UGR the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of
1040. If sunset is 2021 and the end of evening civil morning civil twilight. Morning civil twilight is the period
twilight is 2043, when must a remote pilot terminate 30 minutes prior to sunrise until sunrise. This means
the flight? you can launch your sUAS operation 30 minutes prior
A— 2021. to sunrise. (PLT220) — 14 CFR §107.29
B— 2043.
C— 2121.

Visual Line of Sight

The sUAS must remain within VLOS of flight crewmembers. VLOS means any flight crewmember (i.e.
the remote PIC, person manipulating the controls, and visual observers if used) is capable of seeing the
aircraft with vision unaided by any device other than corrective lenses (spectacles or contact lenses).
Vision aids, such as binoculars, may be used only momentarily to enhance situational awareness. For
example, the remote PIC, person manipulating the controls, or visual observer may use vision aids briefly
to avoid flying over persons or to avoid conflicting with other aircraft.
Continued

Answers
1039 [B] 1040 [B] 1274 [B]

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1 – 17

Chapter 1 Regulations

Crewmembers must be able to see the small unmanned aircraft at all times during flight. Therefore,
the small unmanned aircraft must be operated closely enough to the CS to ensure visibility requirements
are met during small unmanned aircraft operations. The VLOS requirement would not prohibit actions
such as scanning the airspace or briefly looking down at the CS. The person maintaining VLOS may have
brief moments in which he or she is not looking directly at or cannot see the small UA, but still retains
the capability to see the UA or quickly maneuver it back to VLOS. These moments can be for the safety
of the operation (e.g., looking at the controller to see battery life remaining) or for operational necessity.
For operational necessity, the remote PIC or person manipulating the controls may intentionally
maneuver the UA so he or she loses sight of it for brief periods of time. Should the remote PIC or person
manipulating the controls lose VLOS of the small UA, he or she must regain VLOS as soon as practicable.
For example, a remote PIC stationed on the ground utilizing a small UA to inspect a rooftop may lose
sight of the aircraft for brief periods while inspecting the farthest point of the roof. As another example,
a remote PIC conducting a search operation around a fire scene with an sUAS may briefly lose sight of
the aircraft while it is temporarily behind a dense column of smoke. Although this is a practical applica-
tion, remote PICs must avoid interfering with emergency responders when operating in and around a
fire scene.
Even though the remote PIC may briefly lose sight of the small UA, he or she always has the see-
and-avoid responsibilities.

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1041. Power company employees use an sUAS to 1042. A crew conducting surveillance anticipates losing
inspect a long stretch of high voltage powerlines. Due visual sight with the sUAS within a small segment of the
to muddy conditions, their vehicle must stay beside the flight plan. The flight
road and the crew must use binoculars to maintain visual A— may be conducted using binoculars.
line of sight with the aircraft. Is this sUAS operation in B— must be rerouted to maintain visual line of sight.
compliance with 14 CFR Part 107? C— may be conducted if the visual line of sight can
A— Yes, the operation is compliant with Part 107. be maintained for 50% of the route.
B— There is not enough information to make a
determination. The sUAS must remain within visual line-of-sight (VLOS)
C— No, the operation is not compliant with Part 107. of flight crewmembers. The VLOS requirement would
not prohibit actions such as scanning the airspace or
This scenario is not compliant with Part 107. Vision aids, briefly looking down at the sUAS control station. Should
such as binoculars may be used only momentarily to the remote PIC or person manipulating the controls lose
enhance situational awareness. They may not be used VLOS of the small UA, he or she must regain VLOS as
for the duration of the operation. (PLT373) — 14 CFR soon as possible. (PLT373) — 14 CFR §107.31
§107.31 Answer (A) is incorrect because vision aids, such as binoculars,
may be used only momentarily to enhance situational awareness.
Answer (C) is incorrect because crewmembers must be able to see
the sUAS at all times during flight.

Operating Limitations
The sUAS must be operated in accordance with the following limitations:
• Cannot be flown faster than a ground speed of 87 knots (100 miles per hour).
• Cannot be flown higher than 400 feet above ground level (AGL) unless flown within a 400-foot radius
of a structure and not flown higher than 400 feet above the structure’s immediate uppermost limit.
See Figure 1-1.

Answers
1041 [C] 1042 [B]

1 – 18 ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

 Chapter 1 Regulations

Crewmembers must operate within the following

400 ft
limitations:
• Minimum visibility, as observed from the loca-
400 ft
tion of the control station, must be no less than
3 statute miles.
• Minimum distance from clouds must be no less
than 500 feet below a cloud and 2,000 feet
horizontally from the cloud.
400 ft
AGL
Note: These operating limitations are intended,
among other things, to support the remote pilot’s
ability to identify hazardous conditions relating to
encroaching aircraft or persons on the ground, and Figure 1-1. Flying near a tower
to take the appropriate actions to maintain safety.

ALL, UGR The sUAS cannot be flown faster than a ground speed
1043. In accordance with 14 CFR Part 107, except when of 87 knots (100 miles per hour) and must be operated
within a 400' radius of a structure, at what maximum below 400 feet. (PLT373) — 14 CFR §107.51
altitude can you operate sUAS?
A— 600 feet AGL.
ALL, UGR
B— 500 feet AGL.
1322. According to 14 CFR part 107, what is the maxi-
C— 400 feet AGL.
mum ground speed for a small UA?
The sUAS cannot be flown higher than 400 feet above A— 87 knots.
ground level (AGL) unless flown within a 400-foot B— 87 mph.
radius of a structure and is not flown higher than 400 C— 100 knots.
feet above the structure’s immediate uppermost limit.
(PLT373) — 14 CFR §107.51 The sUAS cannot be flown faster than a ground speed
of 87 knots (100 miles per hour) and must be operated
below 400 feet. (PLT161) — 14 CFR §107.51
ALL, UGR
1044. What speed limit applies to sUAS operations?
ALL, UGR
A— 200 knots.
1046. The basic weather minimums for operating an
B— 80 mph.
sUAS up to the 400 feet AGL limit are
C— 100 mph.
A— 900-foot ceiling and 3 mile visibility.
The sUAS cannot be flown faster than a ground speed B— 2,000-foot ceiling and 1 miles visibility.
of 87 knots (100 miles per hour). (PLT373) — 14 CFR C— clear of clouds and 2 miles visibility.
§107.51
Part 107 sUAS operations require minimum visibility of
3 SM and the minimum distance from clouds must be
ALL, UGR no less than 500 feet below the cloud; and 2,000 feet
1045. Unless otherwise authorized, what is the maxi- horizontally from the cloud. To maintain 500 feet below
mum airspeed at which a person may operate an sUAS the clouds, you must have a 900-foot ceiling to be able
below 400 feet? to operate to the maximum 400 feet AGL, or a ceiling
A— 200 knots. that would allow the sUAS to operate at a lower AGL
B— 80 mph. altitude. (PLT527) — 14 CFR §107.51
C— 100 mph.

Answers
1043 [C] 1044 [C] 1045 [C] 1322 [A] 1046 [A]

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1 – 19

Chapter 1 Regulations

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1270. In accordance with 14 CFR Part 107, at what 1323. (Refer to Figure 78.) You have been contracted to
maximum altitude can you operate an sUAS when inspect towers located approximately 4 NM south of the
inspecting a tower with a top at 1,000 feet AGL at close Sioux Gateway (SUX) airport operating an unmanned
proximity (within 100 feet)? aircraft. What is the maximum altitude above ground
A— 1,400 feet MSL. level (AGL) that you are authorized to operate over the
B— 1,400 feet AGL. top of the towers?
C— 400 feet AGL. A— 400 Feet AGL.
B— 402 feet AGL.
The sUAS cannot be flown higher than 400 feet AGL C— 802 feet AGL.
unless flown within a 400-foot radius of a structure and
is not flown higher than 400 feet above the structure’s The sUAS cannot be flown higher than 400 feet AGL
immediate uppermost limit. (PLT373) — 14 CFR §107.51 unless flown within a 400-foot radius of a structure and
no higher than 400 feet above the structure’s immedi-
ate uppermost limit. One of the tower sets south of the
SUX airport shows a tower at 402 feet AGL; you may
operate over the top of these towers no higher than 802
feet AGL. (PLT064) — 14 CFR §107.51 and Sectional
Chart Legend

Right-of-Way Rules
No person may operate a small unmanned aircraft in a manner that interferes with operations and traffic
patterns at any airport, heliport, or seaplane base. The remote PIC also has a responsibility to remain clear
of and yield right-of-way to all other aircraft, manned or unmanned, and avoid other potential hazards that
may affect the remote PIC’s operation of the aircraft. This is traditionally referred to as “see and avoid.”
To satisfy this responsibility, the remote PIC must:
• Know the location and flight path of his or her small unmanned aircraft at all times.
• Be aware of other aircraft, persons, and property in the vicinity of the operating area.
• Be able to maneuver the small unmanned aircraft to:
– Avoid a collision.
– Prevent other aircraft from having to take evasive action.
• Avoid operating anywhere where the presence of his or her unmanned aircraft may interfere with
operations at the airport, such as approach corridors, taxiways, runways, or helipads.
• Yield right-of-way to all other aircraft, including aircraft operating on the surface of the airport.

First-person view camera cannot satisfy the ‘‘see-and-avoid’’ requirement. However, such cameras
can be used as long as the “see-and-avoid” requirement is satisfied in other ways, such as using visual
observers.

ALL, UGR The remote pilot operating an sUAS must yield right-of-
1047. Which aircraft has right-of-way over the other way to all manned aircraft, including aircraft operating on
traffic? the surface of the airport. (PLT414) — 14 CFR §107.37
A— An airplane.
B— An sUAS.
C— A quadcopter.

Answers
1270 [B] 1323 [C] 1047 [A]

1 – 20 ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

 Chapter 1 Regulations

ALL, UGR The remote PIC also has a responsibility to remain clear
1048. What action should the pilots take if a collision of and yield right-of-way to all other aircraft, manned
is anticipated? or unmanned, and avoid other potential hazards that
A— The manned aircraft pilot should give way to the may affect the remote PIC’s operation of the aircraft.
right. (PLT414) — 14 CFR §107.37
B— The remote pilot should adjust the sUAS course. Answer (A) is incorrect because binoculars may be used only
C— Both pilots should give way to the right. momentarily to enhance situational awareness. Answer (B) is
incorrect because the first-person view camera cannot satisfy
‘‘see-and-avoid’’ requirement.
The remote PIC must be able to maneuver the sUAS
to avoid a collision and prevent other aircraft from hav-
ing to take evasive action. (PLT414) — 14 CFR §107.37 ALL, UGR
1320. During a flight of your small UA, you observe a
hot air balloon entering the area. You should
ALL, UGR
1049. What may be used to assist compliance with A— yield the right-of-way to the hot air balloon.
sUAS see-and-avoid requirements? B— ensure the UA passes below, above, or ahead of
the balloon.
A— Binoculars. C— expect the hot air balloon to climb above your
B— First-person view camera. altitude.
C— remote pilot diligence.
The remote pilot operating an sUAS must yield right-
of-way to all other manned aircraft, including aircraft
operating on the surface of the airport. (PLT414) — 14
CFR §107.37

No Operation Over People

You may not operate a small unmanned aircraft directly over another person unless that person is:
• Directly involved in the operation (such as a VO or other crewmember); or
• Within a safe cover, such as inside a stationary vehicle or a protective structure that would protect a
person from harm if the small unmanned aircraft were to crash into that structure.

To comply with limitations on sUAS operations near persons not participating in the operation, the
remote PIC should employ the strategies described below.
• Select an appropriate operational area for the sUAS flight:
– Ideally, select an operational area (site) that is sparsely populated.
– If operating in populated/inhabited areas, make a plan to keep non-participants clear, indoors, or
under cover.
– If operating from a moving vehicle, choose a sparsely populated (or unpopulated) area and make
a plan to keep sUAS clear of anyone who may approach.
• Adopt an appropriate operating distance from non-participants.
• Take reasonable precautions to keep the operational area free of non-participants.

Answers
1048 [B] 1049 [C] 1320 [A]

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1 – 21

Chapter 1 Regulations

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1050. Which action is specifically required of the remote 1052. Except when necessary for takeoff or landing,
pilot prior to each flight? what is the minimum safe altitude required for a remote
A— Check the aircraft logbooks to ensure pilot to operate an sUAS over people?
maintenance is current. A— An altitude allowing, if a power unit fails, an
B— Make a plan to keep non-participants clear, emergency landing without undue hazard to
indoors, or under cover. persons or property on the surface.
C— Identify a non-participant who will be near the B— An altitude of 200 feet above the highest obstacle
sUAS operation to help with see-and-avoid within a horizontal radius of 1,000 feet.
procedures. C— You may not operate an sUAS over people who
are not part of the sUAS operation.
You may not operate a small unmanned aircraft directly
over another person unless that person is directly You may not operate a small unmanned aircraft directly
involved in the operation (such as a visual observer over another person unless that person is directly
or other crewmember) or within a safe cover, such as involved in the operation (such as a VO or other crew-
inside a stationary vehicle or a protective structure that member) or within a safe cover, such as inside a station-
would protect a person from harm if the small unmanned ary vehicle or a protective structure that would protect a
aircraft were to crash into that structure. If operating in person from harm if the small unmanned aircraft were
populated/inhabited areas, make a plan to keep non- to crash into that structure. (PLT373) — 14 CFR §107.39
participants clear, indoors, or under cover. (PLT373)
— 14 CFR §107.39
ALL, UGR
1317. A small UA must be operated in a manner which
ALL, UGR
A— does not endanger the life or property of another.
1051. Remote pilots are required to complete the follow- B— requires more than one visual observer.
ing operational area surveillance prior to a sUAS flight: C— never exceeds 200 feet AGL.
A— Select an operational area that is populated.
B— Make a plan to keep non-participants in viewing No person may continue flight of a small unmanned
distance for the whole operation. aircraft when he or she knows or has reason to know
C— Keep the operational area free of and at an that the small unmanned aircraft system is no longer in a
appropriate distance from all non-participants. condition for safe operation. (PLT535) — 14 CFR §107.15

You may not operate a small unmanned aircraft directly

over another person unless that person is directly
involved in the operation (such as a VO or other crew-
member) or within a safe cover, such as inside a station-
ary vehicle or a protective structure that would protect a
person from harm if the small unmanned aircraft were
to crash into that structure. (PLT373) — 14 CFR §107.39

Operation from Moving Vehicles or Aircraft

14 CFR Part 107 permits operation of an sUAS from a moving land or water-borne vehicle over a sparsely
populated (or unpopulated) area. However, operation from a moving aircraft is prohibited. Additionally,
small unmanned aircraft that are transporting another person’s property for compensation or hire may
not be operated from any moving vehicle.
Operations from moving vehicles are subject to the same restrictions that apply to all other Part 107
sUAS operations. Examples include:
• VLOS —the remote PIC (and the person manipulating the controls, if applicable) operating from a
moving vehicle or watercraft is still required to maintain VLOS for the sUAS.

Answers
1050 [B] 1051 [C] 1052 [C] 1317 [A]

1 – 22 ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

 Chapter 1 Regulations

• Operations over people — operations are still prohibited over persons not directly involved in the
operation of the sUAS, unless under safe cover. The remote PIC is also responsible for ensuring
that no person is subject to undue risk as a result of loss of control of the small unmanned aircraft
for any reason.
• Communication—the visual observer and remote PIC must still maintain effective communication.
• No reckless operation—Part 107 also prohibits careless or reckless operation of an sUAS. Operating
an sUAS while driving a moving vehicle is considered to be careless or reckless because the driver's
attention would be hazardously divided. Therefore, the driver of a land vehicle or the operator of a
waterborne vehicle must not serve as the remote PIC, person manipulating the controls, or visual
observer. As another example, failure to consider weather conditions near structures, trees, or roll-
ing terrain when operating in a densely populated area could be determined as careless or reckless
operation.

Other laws, such as state and local traffic laws, may also apply to the conduct of a person driving a
vehicle. Many states currently prohibit distracted driving and state or local laws may also be amended
in the future to impose restrictions on how cars and public roads may be used with regard to an sUAS
operation. The FAA emphasizes that people involved in an sUAS operation are responsible for comply-
ing with all applicable laws and not just the FAA’s regulations.

ALL, UGR Operation of an sUAS is permitted from a moving land

1053. A professional wildlife photographer operates or waterborne vehicle over a sparsely populated (or
an sUAS from a moving truck to capture aerial images unpopulated) area. (PLT373) — 14 CFR §107.25
of migrating birds in remote wetlands. The driver of
the truck does not serve any crewmember role in the
operation. Is this sUAS operation in compliance with ALL, UGR
14 CFR Part 107? 1055. Which of the following operations is compliant
with 14 CFR Part 107?
A— Compliant with Part 107.
B— Not compliant with Part 107. A— Remote PIC is driving a moving vehicle while
C— Not compliant with state and local traffic laws. operating an sUAS in a sparsely populated area.
B— Remote PIC is a passenger on an aircraft in flight
You may operate an sUAS from a moving vehicle if you while operating an sUAS.
are in a sparsely populated area and the driver does C— Remote PIC is a passenger in a moving boat
not serve as the remote PIC, person manipulating the while operating an sUAS in an unpopulated area.
controls, or visual observer. (PLT373) — 14 CFR §107.25
Operation of an sUAS is permitted from a moving land
or waterborne vehicle over a sparsely populated (or
ALL, UGR unpopulated) area. (PLT373) — 14 CFR §107.25
1054. In accordance with 14 CFR Part 107, you may
operate an sUAS from a moving vehicle when no prop-
erty is carried for compensation or hire
A— over suburban areas.
B— over a parade or other social event.
C— over a sparsely populated area.

Answers
1053 [A] 1054 [C] 1055 [C]

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1 – 23

Chapter 1 Regulations

Privacy and Other Considerations

No person may operate an sUAS in a careless or reckless manner that would endanger another person's
life or property. Part 107 also prohibits allowing an object to be dropped from an sUAS in a way that causes
undue hazard to persons or property. Examples of hazardous operation include, but are not limited to:
• Operations that interfere with manned aircraft operations.
• Operating an sUAS over persons not directly participating in the operation.
• Loading the sUAS beyond its capabilities to the point of losing control.

You may operate an sUAS to transport another person’s property (cargo) for compensation or hire
provided you comply with the additional requirements described below:
• The total weight of the sUAS (including the cargo) must remain below 55 pounds.
• The sUAS operation must be within the boundaries of a State (intrastate).
• No items may be dropped from the small unmanned aircraft in a manner that creates undue hazard
to persons or property.
• You may not operate the sUAS from a moving land vehicle or waterborne vessel.
• Carriage of hazardous materials is not permitted.

As with other operations in Part 107, sUAS operations involving the transport of property must be
conducted within VLOS of the remote pilot. While the VLOS limitation can be waived for some operations
under the rule, it cannot be waived for transportation of property. Additionally, Part 107 does not allow the
operation of an sUAS from a moving vehicle or aircraft if the small UA is being used to transport property
for compensation or hire. This limitation cannot be waived. Additionally, the remote pilot must know the
sUAS location in order to determine the attitude, altitude, and direction; to yield the right-of-way to other
aircraft; and to maintain the ability to see and avoid other aircraft.
Other laws, such as State and local privacy laws, may apply to sUAS operations. The remote PIC is
responsible for reviewing and complying with such laws prior to operation.
In addition, remote PICs are encouraged to review the Department of Commerce National Telecom-
munications and Information Administration (NTIA) best practices, which address privacy, transparency
and accountability issues related to private and commercial use of sUAS.

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1056.Personnel at an outdoor concert venue use an 1057. Under what conditions may objects be dropped
sUAS to drop promotional t-shirts and CDs over the from the sUAS?
audience. Is this sUAS operation in compliance with A— In an emergency.
14 CFR Part 107? B— If precautions are taken to avoid injury or damage
A— Yes, compliant with Part 107. to persons or property on the surface.
B— Not compliant with Part 107. C— If prior permission is received from the Federal
C— No, unless authorized by the venue. Aviation Administration.

This scenario is not compliant with Part 107. You may No items may be dropped from the small unmanned
not operate over non-participants without safe cover aircraft in a manner that creates undue hazard to per-
and you may not drop objects in a manner that creates sons or property. (PLT401) — 14 CFR §107.23
a hazard. (PLT401) — AC 107-2

Answers
1056 [B] 1057 [B]

1 – 24 ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

 Chapter 1 Regulations

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1318. You plan to release golf balls from your small 1058. You wish to start a local delivery business using
UA at an altitude of 100 feet AGL. You must ensure the an sUAS to drop small packages at the front door of
objects being dropped will customer. The customer’s residence is not always within
A— not create an undue hazard to persons or visual line-of-sight (VLOS) of the Remote PIC located at
property. the delivery facility. Under which circumstances would
B— land within 10 feet of the expected landing zone. this be authorized?
C— not cause property damage in excess of $300. A— With a waiver from the FAA.
B— By utilizing a vehicle to follow the sUAS while
No items may be dropped from the small unmanned enroute to maintain VLOS.
aircraft in a manner that creates undue hazard to per- C— There is currently no way to do this in compliance
sons or property. (PLT535) — 14 CFR §107.23 with AC 107-2.

The FAA has stated that they will not provide waivers
for beyond VLOS during the carriage of goods for hire.
Also, moving vehicles (land or sea) are not authorized
to be used during flights upon which goods are carried
for hire. (PLT401) — AC 107-2
Answers (A) and (B) are incorrect because these are specifically
prohibited per AC 107-2.

Alcohol and Drugs

Part 107 does not allow operation of an sUAS if the remote PIC, person manipulating the controls, or
VO is unable to safely carry out his or her responsibilities. It is the remote PIC’s responsibility to ensure
all crewmembers are not participating in the operation while impaired. While drugs and alcohol use are
known to impair judgment, certain over-the-counter (OTC) medications and medical conditions could also
affect the ability to safely operate a small UA. For example, certain antihistamines and decongestants
may cause drowsiness. Pilots can learn more about the impact of drugs and alcohol on flight operations
in the Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge (FAA-H-8083-25).
Part 107 prohibits a person from serving as a remote PIC, person manipulating the controls, VO, or
other crewmember if he or she:
• Consumed any alcoholic beverage within the preceding 8 hours;
• Is under the influence of alcohol;
• Has a blood alcohol concentration of .04 percent or greater; and/or
• Is using a drug that affects the person’s mental or physical capabilities.

A refusal to submit to a test to indicate the percentage by weight of alcohol in the blood, when
requested by a law enforcement officer, or a refusal to furnish or authorize the release of the test results
requested by the Administrator, is grounds for:
• Denial of an application for a remote pilot certificate with a small UAS rating for a period of up to 1
year after the date of that refusal; or
• Suspension or revocation of a remote pilot certificate with a small UAS rating.

Certain medical conditions, such as epilepsy, may also create a risk to operations. It is the remote
PIC’s responsibility to determine that their medical condition is under control and they can safely conduct
a UAS operation.

Answers
1318 [A] 1058 [C]

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1 – 25

Chapter 1 Regulations

ALL, UGR No person may act, or attempt to act, as a crewmem-

1059. Who holds the responsibility to ensure all crew- ber of a civil aircraft while having .04 percent or more,
members who are participating in the operation are not by weight, alcohol in the blood. (PL463) — 14 CFR
impaired by drugs or alcohol? §§107.27 and 91.17
A— Remote pilot in command.
B— The FAA.
ALL, UGR
C— Site supervisor.
1062. Which is true regarding the presence of alcohol
The remote PIC or person manipulating the flight controls within the human body?
of an sUAS must comply with the “do not operate while A— A small amount of alcohol increases vision acuity.
impaired” regulations. (PLT463) — 14 CFR §§107.19 (b), B— Consuming an equal amount of water will
107.19 (d), and 107.57 increase the destruction of alcohol and alleviate a
hangover.
C— Judgment and decision-making abilities can be
ALL, UGR adversely affected by even small amounts of
1060. A person may not act as a crewmember of a alcohol.
sUAS if alcoholic beverages have been consumed by
that person within the preceding As little as one ounce of liquor, one bottle of beer, or
A— 8 hours. four ounces of wine can impair flying skills. (PLT205)
B— 12 hours. — AIM ¶8-1-1
C— 24 hours. Answer (A) is incorrect because all mental and physical activities
will be decreased with even small amounts of alcohol in the blood-
stream. Answer (B) is incorrect because water does not increase
No person may act or attempt to act as a crewmem- the metabolism of alcohol.
ber of a sUAS within 8 hours after the consumption of
any alcoholic beverage. Remember “8 hours bottle to
throttle.” (PLT463) — 14 CFR §§107.27 and 91.17 ALL, UGR
1063. A law enforcement officer witnesses careless or
reckless behavior while observing sUAS operations and
ALL, UGR
requests the operator submit to a drug or alcohol test.
1319. After having dinner and wine, your client asks you What are the consequences if this request is denied?
to go outside to demonstrate the small UA’s capabili-
ties. You must A— The operator may be denied an application for a
remote pilot certificate for up to 30 days.
A— pass a self-administered sobriety test before B— The operator may have to pay a fine but their
operating a small UA. remote pilot certificate will not be affected.
B— not operate a small UA within 8 hours of C— The operator may have their remote pilot
consuming any alcoholic beverage. certificate with sUAS rating suspended or
C— ensure that your visual observer has not revoked.
consumed any alcoholic beverage in the previous
12 hours. A refusal to submit to a test to indicate the percentage
by weight of alcohol in the blood, when requested by
No person may act or attempt to act as a crewmember a law enforcement officer, or a refusal to furnish or
of an sUAS within 8 hours after the consumption of any authorize the release of the test results requested by
alcoholic beverage. Remember “8 hours bottle to throttle.” the Administrator, is grounds for denial of an application
(PLT463) — 14 CFR §§107.17 and 91.17 for a remote pilot certificate with a small UAS rating for
a period of up to 1 year after the date of that refusal, or
ALL, UGR
suspension or revocation of a remote pilot certificate
1061. No person may attempt to act as a crewmember
with a small UAS rating. (PLT463) — 14 CFR §107.59
of a sUAS with Answer (A) is incorrect because the remote pilot applicant could be
denied application for up to 1 year after the date of refusal. Answer
A— .4 percent by weight or more alcohol in the blood. (B) is incorrect because the operator could risk having their remote
B— .004 percent by weight or more alcohol in the pilot certificate suspended or revoked.
blood.
C— .04 percent by weight or more alcohol in the
blood.

Answers
1059 [A] 1060 [A] 1319 [B] 1061 [C] 1062 [C] 1063 [C]

1 – 26 ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

 Chapter 1 Regulations

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1325. The refusal of a remote PIC to submit to a blood 1306. If you are caught smoking marijuana the FAA will
alcohol test when requested by a law enforcement officer A— Send you to a drug treatment center.
A— is grounds for suspension or revocation of their B— Issue an immediate suspension or revocation of
remote pilot certificate. your pilot certificate.
B— can be delayed for a period up to 8 hours after C— Deny all future pilot applications.
the request.
C— has no consequences to the remote pilot A conviction for the violation of any Federal or State
certificate. statute relating to the growing, processing, manufac-
ture, sale, disposition, possession, transportation, or
A refusal to submit to a test to indicate the percentage importation of narcotic drugs, marijuana, or depres-
by weight of alcohol in the blood, when requested by sant or stimulant drugs or substances is grounds for
a law enforcement officer, or a refusal to furnish or suspension or revocation of a remote pilot certificate
authorize the release of the test results requested by with a small UAS rating. (PLT463) — 14 CFR §107.57
the Administrator, is grounds for denial of an application
for a remote pilot certificate with a small UAS rating for
a period of up to 1 year after the date of that refusal; or ALL, UGR
suspension or revocation of a remote pilot certificate 1281. What FAA resource can pilots reference to learn
with a small UAS rating. (PLT463) — 14 CFR §107.59 more about the impact of drugs and alcohol on flight?
A— The Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge.
B— The Pilot Operating Handbook.
ALL, UGR
C— NOTAMs.
1275. When can someone with a marijuana conviction
apply for a Remote Pilot certificate? The Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge (FAA-
A— Never. H-8083-25) provides information on the physiological
B— 18 months. effects of alcohol, prescription drugs, and over-the-
C— 1 year. counter medications. (PLT529) — FAA-H-8083-25

A conviction for the violation of any Federal or State

statute relating to the growing, processing, manufac-
ture, sale, disposition, possession, transportation, or
importation of narcotic drugs, marijuana, or depressant
or stimulant drugs or substances is grounds for denial of
an application for a remote pilot certificate with a small
UAS rating for a period of up to 1 year after the date of
that act. (PLT463) — 14 CFR §107.57

Change of Address
If a remote pilot changes his or her permanent mailing address without notifying the FAA Airman’s
Certification Branch, in writing, within 30 days, then he or she may not exercise privileges of his or her
certificate.

ALL, UGR The holder of a remote pilot certificate who has made
1064. If a certificated pilot changes permanent mailing a change in his/her permanent mailing address may
address and fails to notify the FAA Airmen Certification not, after 30 days from the date moved, exercise the
Branch of the new address, the pilot is entitled to exercise privileges of his/her certificate unless he/she has noti-
the privileges of the pilot certificate for a period of only fied in writing the FAA Airman Certification Branch.
A— 30 days after the date of the move. (PLT387) — 14 CFR §107.77
B— 60 days after the date of the move.
C— 90 days after the date of the move.

Answers
1325 [A] 1275 [C] 1306 [B] 1281 [A] 1064 [A]

Remote Pilot Test Prep ASA 1 – 27

Chapter 1 Regulations

Waivers
If the remote PIC determines that the operation cannot be conducted within the regulatory structure of
Part 107, he or she is responsible for applying for a Certificate of Waiver (CoW) and proposing a safe
alternative to the operation. This CoW will allow an sUAS operation to deviate from certain provisions
of Part 107 as long as the FAA finds that the proposed operation can be safely conducted under the
terms of that CoW.
The Part 107 sections which may be waived include:
• § 107.25 “Operation from a moving vehicle or aircraft. However, no waiver of this provision will be
issued to allow the carriage of property of another by aircraft for compensation or hire.”
• § 107.29 “Daylight operation.”
• § 107.31 “Visual line of sight aircraft operation. However, no waiver of this provision will be issued to
allow the carriage of property of another by aircraft for compensation or hire.”
• § 107.33 “Visual observer.”
• § 107.35 “Operation of multiple small unmanned aircraft systems.”
• § 107.37(a) “Yielding the right of way.”
• § 107.39 “Operation over people.”
• § 107.41 “Operation in certain airspace.”
• § 107.51 “Operating limitations for small unmanned aircraft.”

After submitting your online CoW application, the FAA will determine if the proposed operation can be
conducted safely. If the application is denied, you will receive notification stating the reasons for denial.
If the waiver or authorization is granted, you will receive direct notification with:
• The completed FAA Form 7711-1, Certificate of Waiver or Authorization, dated, signed, and approved
by the FAA; and
• Specific special provisions that become regulatory for the waiver holder.

ALL, UGR ALL, UGR

1065. The FAA may approve your application for a 1066. When requesting a waiver, the required docu-
waiver of provisions in Part 107 only when it has been ments should be presented to the FAA at least how
determined that the proposed operation many days prior to the planned operation?
A— involves public aircraft or air carrier operations. A— 30 days.
B— can be safely conducted under the terms of that B— 10 days.
certificate of waiver. C— 90 days.
C— will be conducted outside of the United States.
Although not required by Part 107, the FAA encourages
If the remote PIC determines that the operation cannot applicants to submit their application at least 90 days
be conducted within the regulatory structure of Part 107, prior to the start of the proposed operation. The FAA will
he or she is responsible for applying for a Certificate strive to complete review and adjudication of waivers
of Waiver (CoW) and proposing a safe alternative to within 90 days; however, the time required for the FAA
the operation. This CoW will allow an sUAS operation to make a determination regarding waiver requests will
to deviate from certain provisions of Part 107 as long vary based on the complexity of the request. (PLT373)
as the FAA finds that the proposed operation can be — AC 107-2
safely conducted under the terms of that Certificate of
Waiver. (PLT373) — 14 CFR §107.200
Answers (A) and (C) are incorrect because these operations fall
outside the regulatory scope of Part 107.

Answers
1065 [B] 1066 [C]

1 – 28 ASA Remote Pilot Test Prep

Another Random Scribd Document
with Unrelated Content
 సత్యా నందం లేచి నిలబడి, ఆమె రెక్క పట్టుకు బయలుదేరతీసేడు.

“రా, లే… భద్రా! భద్రా! ”

పిలుపుమీద పిలుపుగా భర్తమాట విని భద్ర చేతిలో పని పక్క కి పెట్టి

లేచింది. ‘వస్తున్నా ’ అంటూ సమాధానం ఇస్తూ వంటింటి గుమ్మం లోకి
వచ్చింది.

కొత్తగా తమ యింటికి వచ్చి న ఆమెను తన భర్త రెక్క పట్టుకు తీసుకు

వస్తున్నా డు. ఆమె నవ్వు తూంది. వాళ్ళ వెనకాల ఆమె కొడుకూ, తమ
పిల్లలూ తెల్లముఖాలు వేసుకు వస్తున్నా రు. ఆ వూరేగింపు చూసి భద్ర
తెల్లబోయింది.

సత్యా నందం ఆమెను తీసుకువచ్చి తన యెదట నిలవబెట్టేడు.

“ఈమెగారెవరో గుర్తుపట్టేవా? జానకి… మన జానకి…ఇదిగో ఇతడు

రవీంద్ర….కొడుకు… ”

ఆమెనోట అప్రయత్నంగానే ఆ పేరు మలిగింది… ‘జానకి’.

గబగబ వచ్చి రెండు భుజాలూ పట్టుకొని కుదిలించేసింది. కళ్ళ

నీళ్ళు పెట్టుకుంది. కౌగలించుకొంది. ‘ఎంత నాటకమాడేవే!’ అని
కోప్ప డింది.

వాళ్ళి ద్దరి ఉద్వే గాలూ, సంతోషాలూ చూస్తుంటే సత్యా నందానికి

కంఠం నిండి వచ్చింది. చటుక్కు ని వెనక్కి తిరిగేడు.

“మనం పైకి పోదాం. రాండోయ్! వాళ్లని మాట్లా డుకోనీండి. ”

పిల్లల్ని వెంటబెట్టుకొని సత్యా నందం మేడమీదకు వెళ్ళి పోయేడు.

“గుర్తుపట్టనట్లూ , ఎరగనట్లూ అంతసేపు ఎల్లా వుండగలిగేవంటా”

 అదే ప్రశ్న ను భద్ర అనేక దృక్కో ణాలనుంచి వేస్తూంది. ఆ
మాట వచ్చి నప్పు డల్లా జానకి నవ్వు తూంటుంది.

“ముఖం ఎక్క డో చూసినట్లనిపించకపోలేదు. కాని, గుర్తు రాలేదు.

గుర్తు అనిపించినా నువ్వ ని ఎల్లా అనుకుంటాం. మహాతల్లివి. ఉత్తరాలే
వ్రాయడం మానేసేవు. వస్తా వని ఎల్లా అనుకుంటాను. ఎంత
మారిపోయేవు.”

జానకి మారిపోయిందనిపించినప్పు డల్లా ఆ మార్పు కు

కారణభూతుడైన విశ్వం ఇద్దరి మనస్సు ల్లో మెదులుతున్నా డు. కాని,
ఇద్దరూ కూడ అతని పేరు పైకి చెప్ప లేకుండా వున్నా రు.

ఇరవై రెండేళ్ళ క్రితం సరిగ్గా ఈ రోజుల్లో నే భద్ర జానకిని పెళ్ళి

కూతుర్ని చేసి పంపింది. రెండేళ్ళ తర్వా త అతనిని పోలీసులు
పట్టుకొని కాల్చే శారన్నా రు. కాదు, కనిపించడంలేదన్నా రు. భర్తతో
రాష్ట్రం దాటి వెళ్లిన జానకి మరి తిరిగి రాలేదు. బొంబాయిలో
వుందన్నా రు. ‘ఏదో వుద్యో గం చేసుకుంటున్నా ! నువ్వు పెట్టిన భిక్షే’
నంటూ ఎప్పు డో మొదటి రోజుల్లో వ్రాసిన జాబు తప్ప మళ్ళీ వుత్తరాలూ
లేవు.

నాటికి….నేడు…మళ్ళీ …

ఇద్దరి మనస్సు లలో ఆనాటి కధలు మెదులుతూంటే

నిశ్శ బ్దం అయిపోతుంటారు.

మళ్ళీ ప్రారంభం.

“నీది రాతి గుండె…” అని భద్రే మళ్ళీ మొదలెడుతుంది. జానకి

నవ్వు తుంది.

అయిదో ప్రకరణం
 భోజనం చేస్తూ చేస్తూ భద్ర దిగాలుపడి గోడకి జేర్లబడిపోయింది.

“కృష్ణు డు యేం చేస్తున్నా డో యేమిటో… ” అనుకొంది.

ఆమె కొడుకు రామకృష్ణ వరంగలులో మెడికల్ కాలేజీలో

చదువుతున్నా డు. తెలంగాణా కల్లో లాల తాకిడికి కాలేజీ మూతపడి
రమారమి ఆరునెలలు యింట్లో నే వుండిపోయేడు. ఆ మధ్య నే కాలేజీలు
తెరుస్తే మళ్ళీ వెళ్ళే డు. అతడు అక్క డ యేం కష్టపడి పోతున్నా డో
యని తల్లి ఆదుర్దా .

ఆమె ఆదుర్దా కి అర్థం లేదన్న ట్లు జానకి చాల చులకన చేసింది.

“ఏం చేస్తుంటాడు? తొమ్మి దిన్న ర అయిందా? హాస్టలులో

భోజనాలయిపోయి వుంటాయి. గదుల్లో కూర్చు ని చదువుకుంటూ వుండి
వుంటారు. కాక పెళ్ళాం పిల్లకూడా అక్క డే చదువుతూందన్నా వా?
ఇద్దరూ ఏ సినిమా ప్రోగ్రామో వేసుకుని వుంటారు. ఏం చిన్న పిల్లా డా?
పెళ్ళా న్ని ఏరుకోగల వయస్సు వున్న వాడు…”

“పాపం వాళ్ళ లాంటి వాళ్ళు కారే—-” అంది భద్ర.

జానకి నవ్వింది.

“మరి పెళ్ళా న్ని యేం చేద్దా మనుకున్నా డంటావు?”

భద్ర కూడా నవ్వింది. అంతలో దిగాలుపడింది. “ఏమో, ఏం చదువో

ఏం పాడో” అంది, భద్ర నిరుత్సా హంగా. “మా వూళ్ళో మీరు
వుండడానికి వీలులేదు. లేచిపోండంటూంటే యెందుకక్క డికి చెప్పు ?
అక్క డగాక మరో చోట యేర్పా టు చెయ్యండంటే ఈయన
వినిపించుకోరు. వాడంతకంటె. ఎక్క డ మాత్రం ఇంతకంటె
బాగుందంటాడు. మధ్య నాకు మనసుండబట్టడంలేదు….”

“అంటాడేమిటి! నువ్వు పత్రికలు చూడ్డం లేదా?”

 “చూడకేం చూస్తున్నా . అయితే అనుభవం మనది కాదు గనక
అక్క డేమేనా మెరుగేమో ననిపిస్తూంటుంది.”

“రాసికి అంగోస్త్రం చుట్టేవాళ్ళు ప్రతిచోటా వెలిసేరు. అయితే బాధ

పడేవాళ్ళు వేరు. ఎక్క డికక్క డే ఆదేశం తమ తాత ముల్లెలాగ
అంగోస్త్రం చుట్టి కళ్ళు రుముతున్న వాళ్ళు వచ్చే రు. తప్ప దు. ఈ
గొడవేదో ఎక్క డికాక్క డ చూసుకోవాలేగాని…”

తన కొడుకు చదువు కుదుటపడడం, ఎవ్వ రూ వంటిమీద ఏ

పెట్రోలో పోసి అగ్గిపుల్ల గియ్య కపోవడం తప్ప మరో ఆలోచనలేదు
భద్రకి. ఇప్ప టికేనా మరల కాలేజీలు తెరవనిచ్చి నందుకు సంతోషం
కనబరిచింది.

“ఏదో గుడ్డిలో మెల్ల. ఇప్ప టికేనా చల్లబడ్డా రు. అదీ నయమే.”

జానకి పకపక నవ్వింది.

“వాళ్ళె ప్పు డూ గుడ్డివాళ్ళు కాదే తల్లీ! దేశం ఏమైపోయిందో, పిల్లగాళ్ళ

చదువులు ఏమౌతాయో వాళ్ళ కి పట్టిందంటావా? కాలెజీలూ, స్కూ ళ్ళూ
మూతబడితే చదువు నష్టపోయింది నీకొడుకొక్క డిదేనా? కాదు, నూటికి
తొంభయ్య యిదుమంది తెలంగాణం వాళ్ళ దే. కాని చదువు
పోగొట్టుకొన్న అభాగ్యు ల్లో ఈ నాయకుల పిల్లలు వుండివుండరు. ఏమీ
సందేహం అక్క ర్లేదు.”

జానకి ధోరణిని అడ్డంకొడుతూ వీధిలో పెద్ద అలజడీ, కేకలూ

వినిపించేయి.

ఇద్దరూ ఆలకించేరు. మొదట కొంతసేపు ఆర్థంకాలేదు. తర్వా త

అవేవో నినాదాలు వినిపించేయి.

“ఏదన్నా వూరేగింపు వుందేమో, కేకలు అల్లా వున్నా యి, ” అంది

భద్ర.
 “ఎవరి వూరేగింపూ?”

“చెప్ప లేం. బహుశా జనసంఘం వాళ్ళ దేమో. ఈమధ్య ఒకటి

రెండుమాట్లు వాళ్ళ హడావిడి విన్నాం.”

“అదీ వుందీ?”

“అయ్యో !”

“ఎవరేమిటి దాని పెద్దలు?”

“ఇంకా ప్రత్యే కంగా యెవరూ గోదాలోకి దిగినట్లు లేదు. షావుకారు

జగన్నా ధంగారు ఙ్ఞా పకం వున్నా రా?”

“బాగుంది!”

“ఆయన పోయేరు. ఆయన తమ్ము డు ఒకడు కథలూ అవీ

వ్రాస్తుంటాడు. జనసంఘం పత్రిక వుంది బెజవాడలో. ఆ పత్రికవాళ్ళు
జరిపిన కథల పోటీలో అతని కథకి బహుమతి వచ్చింది. నెల్లా ళ్లక్రితం
వాళ్ళింటికి జనసంఘం నాయకులు వచ్చి వూళ్ళో మీటింగు
పెట్టి వెళ్ళే రు. అంతే.”

ఇంతలో వూరేగింపు వారి వీధిలోకే తిరిగినట్లు తోచింది. నినాదాలు

బిగ్గరగా, స్ప ష్టంగా వినిపిస్తున్నా యి.

“ప్రజాద్రోహులు… నశించాలి.”

జానకి భద్ర ముఖంలోకి చూసింది. ఆమె జానకి విస్తట్లో పెరుగు

పోస్తూ , “మార్క్సి స్టులదై వుంటుంది-“ అంది అనుభవఙ్ఞా నంతో.

జానకి చటుక్కు న లేచింది. భద్ర లబలబలాడింది.

“భోజనం పూర్తి చెయ్యి . తిట్లతో కడుపు నిండదు. వాళ్ళ విప్లవం తిట్లు

వినడానికి అన్నం మానుకోవాలా ఖర్మ !” అంటూ చేయిపట్టుకులాగి
కూర్చో బెట్టింది. జానకి ‘చూడాలి’ అంది.

“ఏమీ బెంగపెట్టుకోకు. నీకోసం అయినా పదినిమిషాలు మన

గుమ్మంలో నిలబడతారు. ఫర్వా లేదు.”

భద్ర జానకి చెయ్యి వదలలేదు.

భోజనం పుర్తిచేశాక చేయి వదిలింది.

“ఆకు నే తీస్తా . చేయి కడుక్కు వెళ్ళి ఆ వినోదం ఏదో చూడు.”

కాని, జానకి లేచిపోలేదు. ఇద్దరూ కలిసే వీధిగుమ్మంలోకి వచ్చే రు.

వస్తూ భద్ర గేటుమీద ఆర్చి లో వున్న లైటు వేసింది. మెర్క్యు రీ లైటు

వెల్తురు వెన్నె లలాగ వీధి అంతా నిండింది.

ఆరో ప్రకరణం

మేడ మీద పిట్టగోడ నానుకొని నలుగురైదుగురు చూస్తూండడం, వీధి

తలుపు తీసుకొని ఆడవాళ్ళు గుమ్మంలో నిలబడడంతో ఊరేగింపు
కంఠం ఏకస్వ రంలో నిలబడింది. స్వ రమూ దృఢపడింది. దానికి
వూతలా బిగించిన పిడికిళ్ళు గాలిని గుద్దుతున్నా యి.

“ప్రజా ద్రోహులు…”

ఆ కీచుగొంతుక విని జానకి అటు తిరిగింది. ఆశ్చ ర్యం కలిగింది.

“వాడు జోగన్న కాడూ?”

“ఆ జోగన్నే .”
 “వాడు మార్క్సి స్టా ?”

“ఆ.”

“ఎప్ప టినుంచి?” అంది జానకి. ఆమెకు గ్రామంలో రౌడీగా పేరు పడ్డ

జోగన్న ను మార్క్సి స్టులు జేరతియ్య డం వింతగా వుంది.

“52 ఎన్ని కల్లో మందలో కలిసేడు. పార్టీ కలిసివున్న కాలంలోనే

కమ్యూ నిస్టు విభూతి ఇచ్చే రు. ఇప్పు డు మార్క్సి స్టు…” అంటూ భద్ర
సంగ్రహంగా చెప్పే సింది.

“ఇంక వూరుకో. మనం మాట్లా డుకోడం చూసి వాళ్ళు మరీ

రెచ్చి పోతారు” అంది.

కాని, ఆ వినడమో, విన్న ట్లు వూహించడమో అదివరకే

జరిగిపోయింది. నినాదాలు చిత్ర చిత్ర రూపాలలో ప్రస్తరిస్తున్నా రు.

“ప్రజాద్రోహులు-నశించాలి.”

“కమ్యూ నిజానికి వెనుపోటు పొడిచిన-”

“బూర్జువా భూస్వా మి కాంగ్రెసుతో చేతులు కలిపిన-”

గుమ్మా నికి ఎదురుగా వూరేగింపు నిలబడిపోయింది. వూరేగింపు

ముందు లావుపాటి బట్టతల మనిషి ఎవరా అని జానకి ఆలోచన.
ఆయన ఎవరో భద్ర నోట విని నిర్వి ణ్ణురాలే అయిపోయింది.

“డాక్టరు సుందరరావుగారా!”

భద్ర తలవూపి వూరుకుంది.

“పక్క న ఆ కళ్ళ జోడు?”

“ఆయన కొడుకు రంగనాయకులు.”

 “అతడు డాక్టరుట కాదూ?”

“ఊ.”

“ఇద్దరూ…”

“ఈవేళ పరమ మహేశ్వ రులు. వీరశైవులు….”

జానకి ముఖాన చిరునవ్వు తోచింది. వర్ణన వినేసరికి.

“ఈ నాలుగైదేళ్లనుండి మాకు మధ్య మధ్య కమ్యూ నిస్టు తిట్టు

పదకోశంలో కొత్తగా చేరిన పదాలు వినే అవకాశం కలిగిస్తున్నా రు.”

వరండాలో స్త్రీల పెదవుల కదలికలు తమ్ము గురించే అనిపించి

వూరేగుంపులో కీచుగొంతు మరింత పదునెక్కింది.

“పోలీసుబంట్లు ….. నశించాలి.”

మేడమీద పిల్లలు పెద్దగా నవ్వి న ధ్వ ని. సత్యా నందం కంఠం

వినబడి జానకి తిరిగి చూసింది. వీధి గదిలో అతడు కూర్చు ని
వున్నా డు. తలుపులు, కిటికీలు అన్నీ తెరిచి, లైట్లు వేసి వున్నా యి.
ద్వా రం మీద బోర్డు కనిపిస్తూంది.

-“భారత కమ్యూ నిస్టు పార్టీ గ్రామశాఖ కార్యా లయం—”

ఊరేగింపు అక్క డెందుకు నిలబడిందో జానకికి అర్థం అయింది.

“ఏమిటి బావా!”

“మీరు పైకి వెళ్లండి. అల్లా నవ్వ కూడదని పిల్లలకి చెప్పండి. మర్యా ద

కాదు.”

ఆ మాట పూర్తి కాకుండానే వీధిలో పెద్ద గంద్రగోళం

ప్రారంభమయింది. భద్ర ఆదుర్దా గా మెట్ల చివరకు గబగబ నడిచి
నిలబడింది.

“అయ్యో ! రంగమ్మ గారు.”

మరుక్షణంలో గట్టిగానే మగణ్ణి కేకేసింది.

“త్వ రగా రాండి. రంగమ్మ గారిని పట్టుకోండి. సుందరరావుగారి

మీదపడి కొడుతూంది. అయ్యో చొక్కా చింపేస్తూంది.”

బ్రాహ్మ ణాగ్రహారంలో ఆడదాని నోట ఎప్పు డైనా వినిపించే అవకాశం

వుందా అనిపించేటంత జుగుప్సా కరమైన పదజాలంతో రంగమ్మ
సుందరరావును తిడుతూంది. మీదపడి రక్కింది. ఆ ఆవేశంలో ఆమె
నోటినుంచి వెలువడ్డ తుంపరలతో ఆయన ముఖం తడిసిపోతూంది.

హఠాత్తుగా వచ్చి పడ్డ ఈ ఉత్పా తం ఏమిటో, ఎందుకో మొదట

ఆయనకు అర్థం కాలేదు. సత్యా నందం ఇంటి వద్దకు వచ్చే కనే ఆమె
తన మీద పడిపోయిందని చూసేడు. ఆమె ఎక్క డనుంచి వచ్చిందో
చూడలేదు. కాని, ఆ యింట్లో నుంచే వచ్చిందనిపించింది.
సత్యా నందమే ఆమెను తమ మీదికి వదిలి వుంటాడు. పోలీసు బంట్లు
అని తామిచ్చి న నినాదం నొప్పి కలిగించింది. ఈ దౌర్జన్యా నికి
పూనుకొన్నా రనిపించింది. శత్రువు మరింత పొడుచుకుని, కుళ్ళే టట్లు
చేయడానికై మళ్ళీ ఆ నినాదం ఇచ్చే డు.

“పోలీసు ఏజెంట్లు….”

రంగమ్మ ను దూరంగా లాగేయడానికి చేసే ప్రయత్నంలో ఎవ్వ డూ

దానినందుకోలేదు. కాని, ఆ నినాదమే రంగమ్మ ఆవేశాన్ని
రెచ్చ కొట్టింది.

“నాబాబుని పోలీసులకి వప్ప చెప్పి న లాంజ….కొడుకువి

నీవే కాదట్రా….నిన్ను చంపేస్తా . మహమ్మా యి వండేస్తా ….పేగులు
తోడేస్తా . నీ కడుపు కాలిపోనూ….”
 రంగమ్మ ఆయాసపడిపోతూంది. పట్టుకొన్న వాళ్ళ కి లొంగడంలేదు.
వాళ్ళ చేతుల్లోంచి బయటపడడానికి గింజుకొంటూంది.
గిజాయించుకొంటూంది. సైన్సు మాస్టా రు ఆమెను అనునయించడానికి
ప్రయత్ని స్తున్నా డు.

“రంగా! రంగా! తప్పు , చూడు. నువ్వు ఎవరిని తిడుతున్నా వో

చూసేవా? ఇదుగో డాక్టరుగారు. వాళ్ళ నాన్న గారు ఆయన. రంగా!
విన్నా వా?….”

“నేను వినను, వీడా డాక్టరుగారి తండ్రి! కాదు. పోలీసు ఏజంటు వీడే.

ఆరోజున నాబాబును చైనా మనిషి అని పట్టించి ఇచ్చే డు. వీడే, వీడే!”

ఆ ఆరోపణ సుందరరావును నిర్వా క్కు ణ్ణి చేసింది. తమ పార్టీలోంచి

నక్స ల్ బరీ వాదులు విడిపోయి, జనశక్తిని స్వా ధీనం చేసుకొన్న ప్పు డు
వాళ్ళ చర్య ల్ని ఖండిస్తూ సభలు పెట్టేడు.

“భగత్ సింగ్ మార్గమే మా మార్గం” అన్న నినాదాలు ఇవ్వ డం లోని

ప్రమాదాలు అతి ఓర్పు గా వివరించేడు. పోలీసులు, ప్రభుత్వం వలన
రాగల నిర్బంధాలు చెప్పే డు. గ్రామంలో ఆ జట్టు కుర్రాళ్ళ కి రంగమ్మ
కొడుకు కేశవరావు నాయకుడు. అతడు తనతో వేసుకొన్న వాదనలు
ఖండించి, తన మతం స్థా పించుకొన్నా డు. దానినే ఈమె పోలీసులకు
వప్ప చెప్ప డంగా వర్ణిస్తూంది. సుందరరావుకి అసహ్యం వేసింది. తాను
కుర్రవాడిని ఆ ప్రమాదంలో పడకుండా కాపాడాలనుకొన్నా డు.
వినలేదు. పోయి, మిడతలా మాడిపోయేడు. దానికి తననే తిట్టడం
దుర్భ రం అనిపించింది. కాని, ఏమీ చెయ్య లేడు. ఆడది. ఆత్మ రక్షణ
పేరుతోనేనా నాలుగు తగిలించడానికి వీలులేదు.

సత్యా నందం ఇంక దూరంగా ఉండలేకపోయేడు. గబగబ

ముందుకొచ్చి సుందరరావు మొగం మీదకు పోతున్న రంగమ్మ చేయి
గట్టిగా పట్టుకొన్నా డు.

“భద్రా, జానకీ ఈవిణ్ణి పట్టుకోండి.”

 నలుగురూ పోగడి, ఆమెను భర్త సాయంతో బయటకు తెచ్చే రు.

“కాస్త శా౦తించేవరకూ లోపలికి తీసుకురాండి” అని భద్ర లోపలికి

దారి తీసింది. దానివలన రాగల నిందను యెరిగినా సత్యా నందం
యేమీ అనలేదు.

తీసుకుపోతున్నా ఆమె అరుస్తూ నే వుంది-”నువ్వు పోలీసోళ్ళ

తాబేదారువురా….నిన్ను చంపేస్తా ….”

ఆ అల్లరికీ, తిట్లకూ, సత్యా నందం సుందరరావుయెడ సానుభూతి

చూపేడు.

“ఆవిణ్ణీ, ఆవిడ మాటల్నీ పట్టించుకోకండి. కొడుకుపోయిన దుఃఖంలో

ఆమెకు మతిపోయింది. మనం అంతా ఎరిగిందే….”

ఆ వోదార్పు సుందరరావుకు తోడికోడలి దెప్పు డులా వినిపించింది.

కోపంతో పెదవులు అదిరిపోతున్నా యి.

“నీకిందులో పాత్ర యేమీ లేదనుకోవాలనా?” అన్నా డు.

నీ మాటకు విలువనివ్వ డం అనవసరం అన్న ట్లు సత్యా నందం

మరేమీ అనకుండా వెనుతిరిగేడు.

అతడూ వెనుతిరగగానే వూరేగి౦పులోంచి యెవరో విసిరిన రాయి

తగిలి, గేటులో పైన వున్న లైటు డోము పగిలి గాజుముక్క లు గల్లున
క్రిందపడ్డా యి.

సత్యా నందం చటుక్కు న నిలబడ్డా డు.

వెనకనుంచి డాక్టరు రంగనాయకులు గొంతు ఖంగుమని

వినిపించింది.

“ఎవరిదా పని?”
 ఎవ్వ రూ మరల మాట్లా డలేదు. మరల అతని కంఠమే వినిపించింది.

“క్షమించండి! సత్యా నందంగారూ!”

వెనువెంటనే సుందరావు కయ్ మన్నా డు.

“ప్రజావుద్య మాలకు వెన్ను పోటు పొడిచే ద్రోహచర్య లమీద ప్రజల

కోపం బహుముఖాలుగా వ్య క్తమవుతుంది. ప్రజల న్యా యమైన
ఆగ్రహానికి కమ్యూ నిస్టులు క్షమార్ప ణ చెప్పు కోనక్క ర లేదు.”

“బాగా చెప్పే రు. కుర్రాడు. అతడికింకా అనుభవం చాలదు”

అన్నా డు వెక్క సంగా సంత్యా న౦దం. గాజు పెంకులమీద అడుగు
పడకుండా, జాగ్రత్తగా చూసుకొంటూ అతడు లోపలికెళ్ళే డు.

“భద్రా, వాళ్ళంతా వెళ్ళి పోయేక చీపురు తీసుకొని గేట్లో గాజుపెంకులు

ఓ పక్క కు తుడిచెయ్య వోయి. ఎవరన్నా తొక్కి తే కాలు తెగుతుంది.”

“గాజు పెంకులు ఎక్క డివి?” అంది భద్ర ఆశ్చ ర్యంగా.

“మెర్క్యు రీ లైటు డోము పగిలిపోయి౦దిలే” అన్నా డు, సత్యా నందం

తాపీగా.

వెనకనుంచి కొత్త నినాదం వినిపించింది.

ప్రజాసేవకులమీద రివిజనిస్టుల దౌర్జన్యా లు-”

ఆ గొంతు సుందరరావుది.

“నశించాలి” అది ఊరేగింపు వాంఛ. సుందరరావు దానిని

నిరాకరించేడు.

“శాపనార్ధా లు లాభంలేదు. ఖండితంగా చెప్పా లి-’సాగనివ్వం’

అనండి.”
 ఏడో ప్రకరణం

రంగమ్మ దుఃఖానికి కారణం విని జానకి నిర్వి ణ్ణురాలయింది. ఆమెకు

తన జీవితం జ్ఞా పకం వచ్చి తూలిపోయింది.

ఆమె పరిస్థితిని గమనించి భద్ర కంగారు పడింది. పెద్దకూతురును

పిలిచింది.

“పిన్ని ని మేడమీదకు తీసుకుపోయి పక్క వెయ్యి . ఒంట్లో బాగులేదు.”

తల్లి అనారోగ్యం వార్త విని రవీంద్ర పరుగెత్తి వచ్చే డు. సాధనా,

అతడూ చెరో చెయ్యీ పట్టుకొని ఆమెను మేడమీద గదిలో
పడుకోబెట్టేరు. ఇద్దరూ చెరొకవైపునా కుర్చీ లు లాక్కు ని కూర్చు న్నా రు.

“ఎల్లా ఉందమ్మా ?”

“నాకేంరా, బాగానే వున్నా -” అంది కాని, ఆ మాటతోనే ఏడ్పు

వచ్చే సింది. నోట్లో పైటకొంగు కుక్కు కొని, పరుపుమీద బోర్లా దొర్లి తల
దాచుకుంది. పక్క లు యెగరెయ్య డం చూస్తే ఆమె వెక్కి వెక్కి
ఏడుస్తున్న దని అర్ధం అవుతూంది. సాధన ఏమిటిది అన్న ట్లు
అతనివంక చూసింది. ఊరుకోమన్న ట్లు కన్ను మలిపేడు. తల్లి
నడ్డిమీద సమాశ్వ సనంగా చెయ్యి వేసుకొని నిశ్శ బ్దంగా కూర్చు న్నా డు.

తల్లి దుఃఖకారణం రవీంద్ర గ్రహించేడు. అతడు తండ్రిని ఎరగడు.

కాని, అతని మరణగాధ తెలుసు. ఆ గాధ జ్ఞా పకం వచ్చి నప్పు డల్లా తల్లి
అల్లా ఏడుస్తుంది. ఒకటిరెండు రోజులు మందకొడిగా, పరధ్యా నంగా
వుంటుంది.

రంగమ్మ దుఃఖకారణం వినడంతో జానకికి భర్త గుర్తు వచ్చే డు.

రవీ౦ద్ర కూడా భయపడుతూనే వున్నా డు. వీధిలో జరిగిన గంద్రగోళం,
గలభా యేమిటో సాధన యిందాక అతనికి చెప్పింది.
 “ఆవిడ పేరు రంగారజమ్మ . అంతా రంగమ్మ గారంటారు. మా ఊరి
హైస్కూ లు సైన్సు మేష్టా రి భార్య .”

“కొడుకు చచ్చి పోతే పిచ్చి యెక్కిందని యిందాకా అనూరాధ

చెప్పింది, ఈవిడేనా?”

“ఎప్పు డు చెప్పిందీ, అప్పు డే.”

“మేం వచ్చి నప్పు డేలే.”

“ఆమెకి ఒక్క డే కొడుకు. వరంగల్ లో అన్న య్య తో మెడిసిన్

చదువుతున్నా డు. నెలరోజుల క్రిందట అరెస్టు చేశారన్నా రు. ఆ మాట
వినగానే రంగామ్మ గారికి మతి చలించింది.

“ఆయన నక్స లైటా?”

“ఔనట.” అని సాధన తలవూపింది. “మంచివాడూ, తెలివిగలవాడూ,

ఫైనలియర్ లో వున్నా డు. మా నాన్న తో అస్తమానం వాదం
వేసుకొనేవాడు. మా అన్న య్యా అతడూ చాల స్నే హంగా వుంటారు. ఈ
వార్త విన్నా క మా అన్న య్య ని గురించి అమ్మ
బెంగపెట్టుక్కూ ర్చుంది….”

….రాత్రి పన్నెండు కొట్టేవరకూ ఆ యింట్లో యెవ్వ రూ నిద్రపోలేదు.

సరదాగా రెండునెలలు గడపాలని జానకి ఇరవైయయేళ్ళ తర్వా త
ఊళ్లో కి రావడం, మనస్సు లోని గాయం కలకవేసి జానకి బాధపడడం
సత్యా నందం దంపతుల్ని ఎంతో ఖిన్న పరచింది. చాలసేపు దగ్గర
కూర్చు ని ఆ కబుర్లూ , ఈ కబుర్లూ చెప్పా రు. పిల్లలంతా నిద్రవచ్చి
పోయి పడుకున్నా రు. కొంత సర్దుకొన్న దనిపించేక సత్యా నందం
వెళ్ళి పోయేడు. భద్ర ఆమె పక్క నే మంచం వేసుకు పడుకుంది.

ఇద్దరికీ నిద్రలేదు. ఆ సంగతి ఇద్దరూ యెరుగుదురు. కాని ఇద్దరూ

ఎరగనట్లే చాలసేపు నటించేరు.
 ఇల్లంతా నిశ్శ బ్దంగా వుంది. అంతా నిద్రపోయారు. ఆ నమ్మ కం
కలిగేక భద్ర లేచి కూర్చుంది.

“జానకీ!”

“ఊ.”

“నిద్రపోలేదూ?”

“రావడంలేదు.”

భద్ర మంచం మీద వొరిగింది.

“కళ్ళు మూసుకో, అదే వస్తుంది.”

మరల కొంచెం సేపయ్యా క జానకి పలకరించింది.

“అక్కా !”

“ఊ.”

“నన్ను పెళ్ళి చేసుకొని ఉండకపోతే ఆయన బ్రతికి వుండేవారేమో.

నా దురదృష్టం ఆయన్ని కొట్టుకుపోయిందో, ఏమో….”

భద్ర లేచి కూర్చుంది. ఆ అనుమానానికి సమాధానం ఏం వుంది?

కోపం చూపింది.

“ఏం మతిగాని పోయిందా యేం? చదువుకున్న దానివి కూడాను.”

“కాదక్కా ! ఎంత చదువుకున్నా ఆ అనుమానం సెలవేస్తూ నే వుంది.

మన పూర్వం వాళ్ళు పెట్టిన నిషేధాలూ, చెప్పి న అభ్యంతరాలూ
నిజమేనేమో అనిపిస్తూంటుంది. ఒక ని౦డుప్రాణాన్ని నా అజ్ఞా నానికి
బలిపెట్టేనేమో.”
 ఆమె దుఃఖం చూస్తూంటే భద్రకూ కంఠం నిండి వచ్చింది తన
బలహీనతను కమ్ము కొనేందుకు అవహేళనకు అందుకుంది.

“ఇది మరీ బాగుంది కాదూ! చాలా బాగుంది. వెర్రి కుదిరింది. రోకలి

తలకు చుట్టమన్నా డట నీలాంటివాడే. కాకపోతే ఏమిటే అది అప్పు డు-
ఆ మూడు నాలుగేళ్ళ లో ఒక్క తెలుగు దేశంలో మూడునాలుగు
వందలమందిని పోలీసాళ్ళు చంపేశారన్నా రు. మళ్ళీ యిప్పు డు ఈ
ఏడాదీ ఆరు నెలలలోనూ అప్పు డే ఏభై అరవై మందిని
చంపేశారంటున్నా రు. చంపివేయబడ్డవాళ్ళంతా వితంతువుల్ని
పెళ్లా డినవాళ్ళు కారు. వాళ్ళ పెళ్ళా లు చెడ్డ నక్షత్రం చూసుకొని
సమర్తా డినవాళ్ళూ కాదు….”

ఒక్క నిముషం ఊరుకొని భద్రే మళ్ళీ అంది.

“పాపం కేశవరావుకి పెళ్ళే కాలేదు. మరాతనికి ఎవరి శని

చుట్టుకుంద౦టావో.”

ఆ మాటకి కూడా జానకి వెక్కి వెక్కి ఏడవడమే గాని ఏ సమాధానమూ

ఇవ్వ లేదు. ఆమెను చూస్తూంటే భద్రకు కళ్ళ నీళ్ళు తిరిగేయి. ‘ఊరుకో’
అనబోయింది ఆ మాట అనబోయేసరికి తనకే కంఠం నిండి వచ్చింది.
ఊరుకుంది.

కొద్దిసేపటికి యిద్దరూ సర్దుకొన్నా రు. భద్ర కళ్ళు తుడుచుకొంది.

“ఇలాంటి పిచ్చి ఆలోచనలు పెట్టుకోకు. నీలాగే ఆలోచించడం

మొదలెడితే దానికి అంతం ఉందా? మన దురదృష్టా లు ఈ హత్య లకి
ప్రోత్సా హం ఇప్పి స్తే మరి అయ్యో అనుకోవలసిన పని కూడా వుండదు.”

“తెలుసు….నాకు తెలుసు. ఇది వట్టి మూర్ఖత్వ మని. కాని మనసు

నిలబడదు. ఒక్కొ క్క ప్పు డు ఆయన బ్రతికే వున్నా రేమో ననిపిస్తుంది.
ఆ ఆశ కలిగినప్పు డు అన్నం కూడా నోటికి పోదు….లేకపోతే చెట్టంత
మనిషి ఏమయిపోతారు?….అందరి విషయంలోలాగ ఆయన మరి
లేరనుకొంటే వుండే బాధ వేరు. ఒక ఏడుపు ఏడుస్తాం. మరి
వూరుకొంటాం. మనస్సు కీ ఆరాటం వుండదు.”

వీపు రాస్తూ , భద్ర కాతర స్వ రంలో అడిగింది-”నీకింకా ఆశ ఉందా?”

జానకి తల అడ్డంగా తిప్పింది. అందులో ఆమెకు ఏమాత్రం

సందేహం లేదనేదే కనిపిస్తూంది. కాని మాటమాత్రం అంత
ఖండితంగా లేదు.

“మనకి యెంతో ప్రేమ వున్న వాళ్ళ యినా, పరమద్వే షం వున్నా

వాళ్ళు చచ్చి పోయారంటే కూడా నమ్మ లేం. అల్లూ రి సీతారామరాజు
కోసం మరో వందేళ్ళు గడిచాక కూడా వెతుకుతాం. సుభాష్ బోసు
మాటేమిటి? వాళ్ళ మీద మనకున్న ప్రేమా, అభిమాన౦ అట్లాంటివి.
ఎంతో ద్వే షించే హిట్లరు నిజంగా చచ్చి పోయాడంటారా అని పాతికేళ్ళ
తరవాత కూడా ఎందరు ప్రశ్నించడం లేదు? మనుష్యు ల బలహీనత
అది. నా విషయంలో అదే జరుగుతూంది.”

ఒక్క నిముష౦ తటపటాయించినట్లు ఆగింది.

“ఇప్ప టికీ ఆ ఆశ చచ్చి పోయిందనుకోలేను. ఆయన వచ్చి నాకోసం

అక్క డ వెతుకుతుంటారేమో. నేనిక్క డున్నా నే, పోదామా-
అనిపిస్తూందంటే నమ్ము తావా?”

“నీకు మతిపోయింది.”

“రాత్రి రంగామ్మ గారిని చూసినప్ప టినుంచి మనస్సు

తరుముతూంది.”

“ఏమిటి నీ ఆశకి ఆధారం?”

“ఏమీలేదు. భ్రమ.”
 చాలసేపు ఇద్దరూ ఊరుకొన్నా రు. తరవాత మళ్ళీ జానకే
ప్రారంభించింది.

“మేము చంపెసేమంటే ఆరోజుల్లో కాదు, ఈరోజుల్లో మాత్రం

పోలీసులకి అడ్డు ఏముంది? పట్టుబడి పారిపోతూంటే
కాల్చే శామంటారు. ఎదురుబొదురు కాల్పు ల్లో చచ్చి పోయారంటారు.
ఆత్మ రక్షణకి కాల్చే శామంటారు. వాళ్ళ కి ఎదురేముంది? కాని ఇక్క డ
అటువంటిదేమీ లేదు. మనిషి అదృశ్యం అయిపోయేడు.
ఏమయిపోయినట్లు? గవర్న మెంటు ఎక్క డికేనా ప్రవాసం పంపేసి
ఎరగనట్లు నటిస్తూందా?”

తానే నమ్మ లేని కారణాలనూ, అనుమానాలనూ జానకి బయట

పెట్టింది. వానికున్న ఆపత్తులరీత్యా ఇంతవరకు వానిని ఎవ్వ రి దగ్గరా
చెప్ప లేకపోయింది. తన చదువునూ, తెలివినీ అపహాస్యం చేస్తా రని
భయం. భద్రకూడా ఆ దుఃఖంలో సహభాగురాలు. కనుక వానిని
చెప్ప డానికి సిగ్గు కలగలేదు.

భద్రకు అసలు రావలసిన ప్రశ్న తోచలేదు. క్షీణస్వ రంతో “ఎక్క డికి

పంపిస్తా రంటావు?” అంది. ఆ ప్రశ్న చూస్తే, అమెకది
ఆలోచించవలసిన సంగతేనని తోచిందనిపిస్తుంది.

జానికికి ధైర్యం చిక్కింది. తన మనస్సు లోని అనుమానాలను

ప్రస్తరించసాగింది.

“అండమాన్, నికోబార్ దీవులు సముద్రం మధ్య లో, ఉత్తర

దక్షిణాలకి ఓ వెయ్యి మైళ్ళ పొడుగున, చిన్నా పెద్దా రెండుమూడు
వేలవరకూ ఉన్నా యంటారు. ఏ దీవిలోనేనా వున్నా రేమో….సాధ్యం
కాదంటావా?”

భద్రకు ఆమెమీద విపరీతమైన జాలి కలిగింది. సాధ్యంకాదని

చెప్ప డానిక్కూ డా మనసొప్ప లేదు.
 “వెర్రిదానివి” అంటూ కౌగిలించుకొంది.

చాలాసేపు ఇద్దరూ ఒకరినొకరు ఆనుకొని నిశ్స బ్దంగా కూర్చు న్నా రు.

మరల జానకే ఆరంభించి౦ది,

“ఎక్క డికేనా కదిలితే చాలు-ముందు ఏయే కాగితాలు ఏం చెయ్యా లో,

ఎవరికి ఏమేం ఇవ్వా లో అన్నీ వప్ప గి౦తలు పెట్టేవారు, అనుకొన్న
వేళకు రాకపోతే ఏం చెయ్యా లో చెప్పే వారు.”

భద్ర మామూలుగానే అనేసింది.

“మళ్ళీ రామనిపించేది కాబోలు.”

ఆ వప్ప చెప్ప డాలు మామూలే నంది జానకి.

“ఎందుకా వప్ప గి౦తలు? పట్టుబడితే చంపేస్తా రనే జ్ఞా నం ఉన్న ట్లే

కద! కాని ప్రాణం అంటే తీపి, చావంటే బెదురూ లేదా? అంత
నిర్లిప్తంగా ఎల్లా ఉండగలిగే వారు?”

తన ప్రశ్న కి తానే సామాధానం ఇచ్చు కొంది. “ప్రజలకీ, దేశానికీ

మంచి చేస్తున్నా మనే విశ్వా సం! ఆ ప్రయత్నంలో మనప్రాణం
పోయినా ఫర్వా లేదనే నిర్లక్ష్యం!….మొదట వెర్రిభయం వేసేది. ఏడుపు
వచ్చే ది. తిరిగొస్తే చంటిపిల్లలా కరుచుకుపోయేదాన్ని ….”

ఆ మానసికాందోళన తీవ్రతను తన అనుభవాలతో భద్ర

సరిచూసుకొంటూ౦ది.

“క్రమంగా ఆ వప్ప గి౦తలు అలవాటయిపోయాయి. భయం

వెయ్య డం మానింది. ఈమారు సంతోషమూ కలగడంలేదు.
వీధిలోకిపోయి వచ్చి నట్లే అనిపించసాగింది. కాని….ఒకమాటు….వెళ్ళి న
మనిషి మరి రాలేదు.”

జానకి నోట మాట డెక్కు పట్టినట్లయింది. క్షీణస్వ రంతో మూలిగింది.

 “మరి….రానేలేదు.”

జానకి చాలాసేపు ఏడ్చింది. ఏళ్ళ తరబడి చెప్పు కునేందుకు ఎవరూ

లేక, అణచిపెట్టుకొన్న బాధ, ఒక్క మారు కట్టలు తెంచుకొని బయటకు
పొంగినట్లుయింది. భద్ర ఆమె కళ్ళు తుడిచి దగ్గరకు తీసుకొంది.

“ఇంతకాలం ఇంత బాధను ఎల్లా దాచుకొన్నా వే తల్లీ!”

ఏదో జ్ఞా పకం వచ్చి నట్లు జానకి చెప్పు కుపోయింది.

“ఆశ అనిపిస్తూంటుంది.”

“హఠాత్తుగా మాయమైన మనిషి అంత హఠాత్తుగానూ వచ్చే స్తా రేమో.

తీరా వస్తే నేనక్క డ లేకపోతే?….”

ఆమె బొ౦బాయినే కాదు, ఆ వీధిని, ఆ యింటిని కూడ

వదలలేకపోయింది. అక్క డే వుద్యో గం చేసుకొంటూ పై చదువులు
చదివింది. ఆ చదువు మనస్సు కో వ్యా వృత్తి కలిగించడం కోసం.
పరీక్షలు ప్యా సయింది. ఉద్యో గాలు మారింది. కాని ఇల్లు మార్చ లేదు,
చాలాకాలం….

ఆ ఆశ పోనేలేదు. హైర్-పర్చే జు పద్ధతిలో ఫ్లా ట్ కొనుక్కు న్నా అది

ఎవరికో అద్దెకిచ్చి తాను మొదటి చోటనే ఆ ఇంట్లో నే వుంది. ఆ ఇల్లు
తీసేశారు. అప్పు డు తన ఇంటికి వెళ్ళి నా వారానికి వోమారేనా పాత
ఇంటి వీధికి వెడుతుంది. అక్క డున్న పార్కు లో కూర్చు ని
వస్తూంటుంది.

ఆ కథ విని భద్ర కూడా కళ్ళ నీళ్ళు పెట్టుకొంది.

వారి కబుర్ల సడి విని పక్క గదిలో పడుకున్న సత్యా నందం లేచి
వచ్చా డు. లైటు వేసేడు. ఇద్దరూ కూర్చు ని వున్నా రు.
 “మీరిద్దరూ నిద్రపోనేలేదా? ఎంత అయిందో చూసుకొన్నా రా? రెండు
దాటింది.”

భద్ర కళ్ళు తుడుచుకుంటూ గోడనున్న గడియారం వంక చూసింది.

సత్యా నందం గ్రహించేడు.

“ఏమిటిది! భద్రా! నువ్వు కూడానా! దానికి ధైర్యం చెప్ప డానికి బదులు

నువ్వూ ఏడుస్తున్నా వూ? ….బాగుంది వరస! ….ఏమిటిది జానకీ!”
అంటూ ఊరడింపుగా తల నిమిరేడు.

“నాకొకరు ధైర్యం చెప్పా లిసిన అవసరం ఉందా బావా!

రాయయిపోయా కదా!"" అని జానకి ఏడ్చింది.

"వూరుకో. అలా కాగలిగితే మంచిదే. కావడం అవసరం కూడా.

లేకపోతే మన దేశంలో ఒక్క రోజు బతకలేము" అన్నా డు, సత్యా నందం
సగం వోదార్పు గా, సగం విశ్వా సంతో.

ఎనిమిదో ప్రకరణం

రాత్రి ఘటనలు సత్యా నందం మనస్సు కు చాలా చాలా కలవరం

కలిగించాయి. వానిమీద వచ్చి న వ్యా ఖ్య లు విన్న ప్పు డు చాలా బాధ
కలిగింది.

ఊరేగింపులో వాళ్ళు తన్ను తిట్టేరు. తన పార్టీని తిట్టేరు. ఈ తిట్లు ఈ

అయిదు ఆరేళ్ళు గా అలవాటయిపోయాయి. ఇప్పు డు బాధ కలగడం
లేదు. నవ్వూ రావడంలేదు. జాలి కలుగుతూంది.

రాజకీయ పార్టీలలో తిట్లూ అహంభావప్రదర్శ నా బలహీనతకు గుర్తు.

బలహీనతను కమ్ము కొని, శక్తి పెంచుకొనడానికి వానినే అధారం
చేసుకొంటే మరింత బలహీన పడతారు.
 కేరళలో ఐక్య సంఘటన ప్రభుత్వం అల్లా గే శిథిలం అయింది.
పశ్చి మబెంగాల్ ఐక్య సంఘటనలో మార్క్సి స్టు పార్టీ అటువంటి స్థితినే
తెచ్చు కొంటూంది. కాని సుందరరావు దానినెందుకు గుర్తించడు?
అతనికి తన కన్న యెక్కు వ పార్టీజీవితం వుంది. ఆ ప్రారంభ
దినాలలోనే మార్క్సి జం గురించి బాగా చదివేడు. నిజం చెప్పా లంటే
తనకే సిద్ధాంత పరిజ్ఞా నం తక్కు వ. కాని, తనకే యింత విస్ప ష్టంగా
కనిపిస్తున్న ప్రమాదం సుందరరావుకు యెందుకు తెలియడం లేదు?
ఎందుకు అర్థం చేసుకోడు? తన సిద్ధాంత పరిజ్ఞా నం తక్కు వగనక తన
ఆలోచనే తప్పు తూందా? అయితే అనుభవం?

తన యింటి గేటు మీది లైటు డోము అయిదారు రూపాయిలిస్తే

వస్తుంది. అదో నష్టం కాదు. దానిని పూడ్చు కోవడం కష్టంకాదు.

కాని, రంగమ్మ గారి బాధ అతని కడుపులో చెయ్యి పెట్టి కలిపేస్తూంది.

ఆమెది తీరే నష్టంకాదు. చెట్టంత కొడుకు. నేడో రేపో చేతికి
అందుకొంటాడనుకొన్న వాడు. పైగా ఏకపుత్రుడు. పోయేడంటే యెంత
బాధ? ఆ బాధలో ఆమెకు మతే పోయింది. అంతేకాదు. ఎంతో
శాంతురాలనీ, మంచి మనిషి అనీ పేరు పడ్డ ఆమె పెద్దపులి
అయ్యింది….అయ్య య్యో …! అనుకొన్నా డు.

కాని, ఆమె దుఃఖం, అంత బాధ కూడా గ్రామంలో అందరి సానుభుతీ

సంపాదించలేదు. అదే అతని బాధ. వారి వ్యా ఖ్య లు చూస్తూంటే దేశం
ఏమయిపోతూందనిపిస్తూంది. స్వా తంత్ర్యా నికి పూర్వం జనంలో వున్న
సహృదయత ఏమయింది? ఏమయింది!

"మతి స్వా ధీనంలో లేనప్పు డే మనిషి అసలు రంగు

బయటపడుతుంది. అందరూ అనుకొనేటట్లు ఆమె శాంతురాలూ కాదు.
మంచిదీ కాదు-" అన్నా రు ఒకళ్ళి ద్దరు, మనస్తత్వ పరిజ్ఞా నం
కనబరుస్తూ .

"సుందరరావుకి మంచి పరాభవం జరిగింది. మీరామెను పట్టుకొని

వుండకూడదు. కమ్యూ నిస్టు పార్టీలో చేరినా గాంధేయ మనస్తత్వం
వదులుకోలేద"ని కొందరు తననీ తప్పు పట్టేరు.

"ఏ పార్టీవాడైతేనేం, అగ్రహారంలో బ్రాహ్మ ణ్ణి, కిందికులం మనిషి

అల్లా బండబూతులు తిట్టడమా" అని కొందరు కలివిడంబానికి
విస్తుపోయారు. సైన్సు మేష్టా రూ, ఆయన భార్యా గ్రామంలో ఎంత
మన్న న సంపాదించుకొన్నా కులానికి కమ్మ . పాత బెణుకులాగ ఈవేళ
కూడా కులం సమస్య కలక వేస్తూ నే వుంది?

ఏమిటిది మనం వెడుతున్న ది ముందుకా, వెనక్కా ? ఒక అడుగు

ముందుకి - రెండడుగులు వెనక్కి -అన్న లెనిన్ పదం గుర్తుకు వచ్చి
నవ్వు వచ్చింది.

….దానికి జానకి దుఃఖగాధ కూడా తోడయి మనిషి

ఉంగీిడెత్తినట్లయిపోయేడు. ‘పంచ్’లో కాబోలు వేశారన్న కార్టూ న్ మాట
గుర్తువచ్చింది. మునిగిపోయిన వోడను పిల్లకు చూపి, తల్లిచేప-
ఇల్లాంటివి ఇరవైయేళ్ళ కు వోమారు పైనుంచి వస్తుంటాయి-అందిట.
జానకికి ఆపద వచ్చి యిరవైయేళ్ళు కావచ్చింది! మళ్ళీ రంగమ్మ ! దీనికి
విముక్తి లేదా?

విముక్తి! దేశం విముక్తి పొందింది. కాని ప్రజలకి విముక్తి రాలేదు.

"దేశమంటే మన్ను కాదోయ్, దేశమంటే మనుజులోయ్!" మన్ను ,
మనుష్యు లు!

….జాతీయాభిమానం తలఎత్తిన రోజునే దేశ విముక్తి జరగలేదు.

కనీసం నూరేళ్ళు పట్టింది. ఎన్నో సిపాయి తిరుగుబాట్లు,
ఆత్మ త్యా గాలు, సహాయనిరాకరణలు! సత్యా గ్రహాలు!
శాసనోల్లంఘనలు! మళ్ళీ సైనికుల తిరుగుబాట్లు! సమ్మె లు!

అదంతా సుదీర్ఘమైన రక్త ప్రవాహాల గాధ! కన్నీ టి గాధ! త్యా గాల గాధ!

అల్లా గని, జనం సుఖపడేందుకు చేసే ప్రయత్నా లలో ఈ

ప్రాణహరణలు, కన్నీ ళ్ళూ తప్ప నిసరి పీడలని
సరిపుచ్చు కోవలసిందేనా? వీనికి విరుగుడేమిటి?

తెల్లవారి నిత్య జీవిత వ్య వహారాలలో పడినా అతనిని ఈ ఆలోచనలు

వదలలేదు. యంత్రవత్తుగా పనులు చేసుకుపోతున్నా డు. భద్ర
గమనించింది.

"ఏమల్లా వున్నా రు?" అనడిగింది.

"ఏంలేదే. ఎల్లా వున్నా ను?"

అది ప్రశ్నా కాదు. సమాధానమూ కాదు. తప్పించుకొనేందుకు చేసిన

వ్య ర్థప్రయత్నం. భద్ర అర్థం చేసుకొంది.

"కూర్చోండి. కాఫీ ఇస్తా ను" అని పీట వాల్చింది.

"జానకి ఏది?"

"స్నా నంచేసి బట్ట కట్టుకొంటూంది. వస్తూంది."

"వోమాటు రంగమ్మ గారింటికి తీసుకెళ్ళు . ఎవరో ఒకరు వస్తూ ,

పోతూంటే మనస్సు కి కాస్త ఉపశాంతి…."

భద్ర నిరుత్సా హంగానే అంగీకరించింది…."ఉపశాంతి కాకేముంది?

జానకి ఏం చేస్తూంది? జ్ఞా పకం వచ్చి నప్పు డు వో ఏడుపు ఏడుస్తా రు.
కళ్ళు తుడుచుకొని వూరుకొంటారు…."

సత్యా నందం ఒక్క నిట్టూ ర్పు విడిచేడు. భద్రే అంది.

"ముఖ్య మంత్రి కాలేజీహాస్టల్‌మేటు, జైలుమేటు అన్నా రు. మీకు

స్నే హమూ వుంది. ఏమిటీ దురన్యా యం అని—వోమారు
మాట్లా డిరారాదూ?"

సత్యా నందానికి వెనుకటిగాధలు జ్ఞా పకం వచ్చి మ్లా న హాసం చేసాడు.

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