ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD
(Department of Statistics)
WARNING
1.PLAGIARISM OR HIRING OF GHOST WRITER(S) FOR SOLVING THE
ASSIGNMENT(S) WILL DEBAR THE STUDENT FROM AWARD OF
DEGREE/CERTIFICATE, IF FOUND AT ANY STAGE.
2.SUBMITTING ASSIGNMENT(S) BORROWED OR STOLEN FROM
OTHER(S) AS ONE’S OWN WILL BE PENALIZED AS DEFINED IN
“AIOU PLAGIARISM POLICY”.
Assignment Submission Schedule
6 credit Hours Due Date 3 credit hours Due date
Assignment 1 10-01-2025
Assignment 1 05-02-2025
Assignment 2 05-02-2025
Assignment 3 05-03-2025
Assignment 2 01-04-2025
Assignment 4 01-04-2025
Note: Tutorial schedule (Rehnama-e-Tulba) will available on AIOU website: http://www.aiou.edu.pk
Course: Business Statistics (1430) Semester: Autumn, 2024
Level: BA/B. Com/BBA
Please read the following instructions for writing your assignments. (SSC,
HSSC & BA Programs)
1. All questions are compulsory and carry equal marks but within a question the
marks are distributed according to its requirements.
Read the question carefully and then answer it according to the requirements of the question.
2.
3. Late submission of assignments will not be accepted.
4. Your own analysis and synthesis will be appreciated.
5. Avoid irrelevant discussion/information and reproducing from books, study guide
or allied material.
Total Marks: 100 Pass Marks BA:40
Pass Marks: (AD/BBA):50
Assignment No. 1
(Unit 1-4)
Q.1 Why we draw histogram, explain? Write the steps to construct the graph of
frequency distribution for equal and unequal class intervals. (20)
Q.2 The Complex Hospital Islamabad has the following data of weights in pounds of
200 premature babies. (10+10)
1
Class 0.5-0.9 1.0-1.4 1.5-1.9 2.0-2.4 2.5-2.9 3.0-3.4 3.5-3.9
Frequency 10 19 24 27 29 44 47
Construct a frequency curve and ogive and explain what types of information these
can provide.
(a) Is the program in compliance with the policy?
(b) Does your 13- interval relative frequency distribution help you to answer part (a)
better than 7-interval distribution?
Q.3 (10+10)
(a) Differentiate between mean and weighted mean.
(b) The following data represent the wights in pounds of a sample of packages
carried out last month by small airfreight company.
Class 10-10.9 11-11.9 12-12.9 13-13.9 14-14.9 15-15.9 16-16.9 17-17.9
F 1 4 6 8 12 15 11 8
Calculate mean and standard deviation using direct and coding methods.
Q.4 (10+10)
(a) Write a procedure to calculate median from grouped data. Also explain advantages
and disadvantages of median.
(b) From the following data compute median and mode.
Class 1-3 4-6 7-9 10-12 13-15 16-18 19-21 22-24
Limits
Frequency 18 90 44 21 9 9 4 5
Q.5 (10+10)
(a) Discuss the five-step process for hypotheses testing using standardized scale.
(b) From a total of 10,200 loans made by a state employees' credit union in the most
recent 5-year period, 350 were sampled to determine what proportion was made to
women. This sample showed that 39% of the loans were made to women
employees. A complete census of loans 5 years ago showed that 41% of the
borrowers then were women. At a significance level of 0.02, can you conclude that
the proportion of loans made to women has changed significantly in the past five
years?
2
Total Marks: 100 Pass Marks BA:40
Pass Marks: (AD/BBA):50
Assignment No. 2
(Units 5-7)
Q.1 (10+10)
(a) How hypothesis testing differ from confidence interval.
(b) From 1980 until 1985, the mean price/earnings (P/E) ratio of the approximately 1800
stocks was 14.35 and the standard deviation was 9.73. In a sample of 30 randomly
chosen stocks, the mean P/E ratio in 1986 was 11.77. Does this sample present
sufficient evidence to conclude that in 1986 the mean P/E ratio for stocks had
changed from its earlier value at the 0.05 level of significance?
Q.2 (10+10)
(a) Write the procedures for tests for difference between means when population
variance is known and unknown.
(b) Connie Rodrigues, the Dean of students at Midstate College, is wondering about
grade distributions at the school. She has heard grumblings that the GPAs in the
Business School are about 0.25 lower than those in the College of Arts and Sciences
(A&S). A quick random sampling produced the following GPAS.
Business 2.86 2.77 3.18 2.80 3.14 2.87 3.19 3.24 2.91 3.00 2.83
A&S 3.35 3.32 3.36 3.63 3.41 3.37 3.45 3.43 3.44 3.17 3.26
Do these data indicate there is a factual basis for the grumblings? State and test
appropriate hypotheses at a = 0.02.
Q.3 (10+10)
(a) Explain the process for testing differences between means with dependent samples.
(b) A credit-insurance organization has developed a new high-tech method of training
new sales personnel. The company sampled 16 employees who were trained the
original way and found average daily sales to be $688 and sample standard deviation
was $32.63. They also sampled 11 employees who were trained using the new
method and found average daily sales to be $706 and the sample standard deviation
was $24,84. At a=0.05, can the company conclude that average daily sales have
increased under the new plan?
Q.4 (10+5+5)
Cost accountants often estimate overhead based on the level of production. At the
Standard Knitting Co., they have collected information on overhead expenses and
units produced at different plants, and want to estimate a regression equation to
predict future overhead.
3
Overhead 191 170 272 155 280 173 234 116 153 178
Units 40 42 53 35 56 39 48 30 37 40
(a) Develop the regression equation for the cost accountants.
(b) Predict overhead when 50 units are produced.
(c) Calculate the standard error of the estimate.
Q.5 (10+10)
(a) Differentiate between Laspeyres, Paasche and fixed-weight aggregates methods.
(b)Write main steps in the construction of whole sale price index numbers.
