Southern Bicol Colleges

Mabini Street, Masbate City

SKILLS PRESENTATION
(Perineal Care)

WHEN: June 22, 2023

WHERE: AVR/ Ampitheater
TIME: 8:00 AM- 12:00 PM

Prepared by: BSN-1D (GROUP 2)

Abejuela Sheque B.
Amador, Ma. Fercella R.
Barrun, Neil Brian R.
Brabante, Maria Lolett Ephraim M.
Cortes, Rica C.
Espinas, Shainah Bea B.
Gonzales, Jacob J.
Legal, JenniferV.
Muro, Jelly Sue S.
Rosello, Oishene L.
Sarto, Carla Jean B.
 PERINEAL CARE

INTRODUCTION
Nurses play an essential role in the healthcare system. A nurse’s job goes beyond
administering medication or taking vital signs. Their responsibilities include closely
monitoring patients, assessing their needs and symptoms, and collaborating with other
healthcare professionals. Nurses also provide emotional support, educate patients and
their families, and advocate for their patients’ rights. Nursing is a dynamic and ever-
changing field, and it requires continuous learning to keep up with the latest
advancements in technology and healthcare practices. From caring for premature infants
in neonatal intensive care units to helping seniors manage chronic diseases, nurses are the
backbone of any healthcare system and play a crucial role in improving patient outcomes.

Perineal care refers to the cleaning and maintenance of the area between the anus and
the genitalia. This is a crucial aspect of personal hygiene and health maintenance,
particularly for individuals who may have difficulty with mobility or who are unable to
care for themselves due to physical or cognitive limitations. Proper perineal care is
essential for preventing infection in this sensitive area, as well as reducing the risk of
urinary tract infections and other common health concerns. In addition, regular perineal
care can promote greater comfort and overall feelings of cleanliness and freshness. This
is particularly important for individuals who may be prone to skin irritation or other
issues related to prolonged moisture or exposure to bacteria. Overall, perineal care is
critical for maintaining overall health and well-being, and should be prioritized as an
essential aspect of personal care for individuals of all ages and abilities.

When providing perineal care for a patient, there are several things that must be
considered to ensure proper and effective care. Firstly, privacy and comfort should be
prioritized, and the patient should be made to feel at ease throughout the process.
Communication is also essential, and the healthcare provider should explain the
procedure to the patient and obtain their consent beforehand. Additionally, the patient
should be positioned correctly to allow easy access to the perineal area, and the use of
gloves and other protective equipment is necessary to prevent cross-infection. The
healthcare provider must also take note of any wounds, sores, or skin conditions present
in the perineal area and take appropriate precautions when cleaning or treating. Proper
cleaning techniques should be observed, including the use of mild soap and warm water,
and gentle wiping movements to prevent irritation or injury to the patient. Lastly, care
should be taken to promote good hygiene practices, such as frequent hand washing and
changing soiled beddings regularly, to prevent the spread of infection.

Neglecting perineal care for an individual can lead to various negative consequences.
The perineal area is a sensitive and susceptible part of the body; hence, poor hygiene can
result in a range of health problems. Not giving adequate perineal care can predispose the
patient to urinary tract infections, perineal dermatitis, and unpleasant smells. Moreover,
ignoring proper personal hygiene can also increase the risk of bed sores, which can
further lead to serious infections if left untreated. Not only that, the patient's quality of
life is also affected as a result of reduced self-esteem and comfort, which leads to a
decrease in socialization and interaction with family and friends. Overall, not giving
perineal care can significantly impact physical health, hygiene, and emotional well-being
of a patient.

ANATOMY

PERINEUM

The Perineum is the area of skin and muscles between the plevic bone and the tailbone,
located under the genitals. It serves several important functions, including: Support,
Sexual function, urinary and bowel control, childbirth, and protection as it provides a
layer of protection for the underlying muscles and organs. It supports the pelvis, bladder,
and reproductive organs providing stability and maintaining the overall structure of the
body

ANUS

It is a crucial part of the human body’s digestive and excretory system. Located at the end
of the large intestine. As one of the primary routes for waste elimination, the anus serves
a critical function in maintaining overall health and well-being.

VAGINA

It is an essential part of the female reproductive system. It facilitates menstruation,

provides lubricated passage for intercourse, and plays a crucial role in childbirth. It is a
complex anatomical strusture that requires proper care to maintain a healthy reproductive
system.

TESTES

Also called as testicles are the male reproductive glands that produce and store sperm and
testosterone, the primary male sex hormone. It produces and delivers sperm to female
reproductive system for fertilization. Testosterone is responsible for the development of
male secondary sexual characteristics, such as a deeper voice, the growth of facial and
body hair, and increased muscle mass.

OBJECTIVES
1. To cleanse external genitalia, perineum and anal area.
2. To provide comfort for the patient.
3. To prevent infection.

SPECIAL CONSIDERATION
1) Direct strokes from pubis toward anus. Do not retrace strokes.
2) Use each cotton ball only one.
3) Expose parts necessary for effective treatment and observation only.
EQUIPMENTS:
 Cotton Ball Jar- to store cotton pads, cotton swabs or other essentials
 Sterile Cotton Balls- for cleaning skin irritation and minor cuts
 Pick-up forceps- used for grasping tissue or object
 Round Nose Forceps- used to grasp,retract or stabilize tissue
 Kidney Basin- to receive soiled dressings and other medical wastes
 Paper Bag- to use as trash bag for discarded cotton balls
 Pitcher of Water- to wet the cotton balls
 Soap- help lift dirt, grease and microbes that can lead to any infection.
 Paper towel- for drying the buttocks
 Bedpan- to collect any waste that may be eliminated by the patient during the
cleaning process.
 PROCEDURES RATIONALE
1. Prepare equipments: Preparing equipment before a procedure of
a. Jar with sterile cotton balls. perineal care is essential for ensuring the
b. Pick up forceps in 5% Lysol safety, hygiene, comfort, and efficiency of
solutions. the process. By taking the time to prepare
c. Bowl or kidney basin with round properly, healthcare providers can provide
nose forceps high-quality care that meets the needs of the
d. Paper bag patients.
e. Pitcher of water
2. Explain the procedure to clients Explaining the procedure lessens patient
anxiety and promotes patient’s cooperation.

3. Assemble equipment at bedside and To ensure that patients receive prompt, safe,
screen patients. and accurate care, leading to better health
outcomes.
4. Place patient on bedpan. Drape To avoid any mess and to maintain hygiene.
It is easier to clean the genital and anal area
of the patient when they are lying on the
bedpan. It allows the patient to remain in a
comfortable position while the perineal care
is being performed. The bedpan also makes it
easier to dispose of any waste or discharge
during the process.

Draping the patient during perineal care is

necessary for their privacy and dignity. It
also helps to maintain a sterile environment.

5. Wet cotton balls with water, start It is done from top to bottom when doing
from midline of the symphysis pubis perineal care so as to prevent the spread of
with downward stroke towards anus. bacteria from the anal area to the urethra or
Discard. vagina. Starting with the and gradually
moving down to the perineal area prevents
the transfer of bacteria and reduces the risk of
infection. Additionally, it ensures that the
perineal area is the last area cleaned to avoid
contamination.

6. With the next cotton balls start from To ensure thorough cleansing of the entire
mons veneris in a figure of 7 motion genital area. This technique helps to remove
by way of external labium towards any remaining debris , discharge or
anus. Do likewise on opposite side ( in bacteria.the figure 7 motion ensures that all
an inverted 7 motion). areas of the labia an perineum are properly
cleaned while also helping to stimulate blood
flow to the area, which can promote healing.

7. With another cotton ball clean groin The skin near the groin is sensitive, and using
with upward strokes. Clean near downward strokes can cause irritation and
groin the same way. (with another inflammation. By using upward strokes, any
cotton ball, wet it with soap the same potential bacteria or dirt is pushed away from
stroke) the urinary and genital opening, reducing the
risk of infection or irritation.

8. Rinse, dry area with the same strokes. To ensure that all of the residue or
contamination are effectively removed, and
the area is completely dry before further
procedures or applications. Using the same
strokes helps to maintain consistency and
uniformity, ensuring that no areas are missed
during the cleaning process.

9. Remove bedpan. Turn patient to her To prevent the spreading of infection or