FINAL MIDTERM TEST 3 - GRADE 12 - 2025

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

Embrace Green Living for a Better Tomorrow

 In today's fast-paced world, adopting a sustainable lifestyle is not just an option; it’s a
necessity. Green living involves making (1)_________choices that reduce our environmental
footprint and promote a healthier planet.

 By using eco-friendly products, we can decrease waste and conserve energy, ensuring a better
future for the generations to come. Green living is not only about protecting the environment
but also about creating a sustainable future.

 The (2)_________ is a great way to contribute to a clean, healthy, sustainable environment.

People (3)_________a green lifestyle often feel more connected to nature. We should invest
energy-saving appliances (4)_________the community to reduce our carbon footprint

 Living sustainably is the (5)_________forward for a brighter, greener future. Reducing waste
is more effective than just (6)_________it.

Question
1:A. consciousness B. conscious C. consciously D. consciousion

Question 2:A. eco-friendly choice product B. product eco-friendly choice

A. eco-friendly product choice D. choice product eco-friendly

Question 3:A. which adopted B. adopted C. was adopted D. adopting

Question 4:A. about B. for C. to D. in

Question 5:A. way B. method C. manner D. path

Question 6:A. recycle B. recycling C. to recycle D. to recycling

Read of the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

 In today’s world, other cultures play a significant role in shaping our global society. Many
people from (7)_________countries bring with them unique traditions and customs, enriching
our lives. While some people are open to these new ideas, others might feel uncomfortable or
resistant to change.

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  To better understand each other, it is important to (8)_________ and engage with individuals
from different cultural backgrounds. By doing so, we not only broaden our perspectives but
also foster a more inclusive and harmonious society.

 One key aspect of multiculturalism is (9)_________—the ability to accept and respect

differences. Tolerance allows individuals to coexist peacefully despite their cultural and
social distinctions.

 The government, (10)_________ cultural organizations, plays a vital role in promoting cross-
cultural dialogue and understanding. By supporting multicultural events and educational
programs, they create an (11)_________where diversity is celebrated.

 In a multicultural society, there is a (12)_________of experiences, traditions, and

perspectives to explore. People can learn from each other and grow through exposure to new
ideas, which ultimately leads to a more well-rounded worldview.

Question 7:A. another B. others C. the others D. other

Question 8:A. reach out B. break in C. fall back D. hope for

Question 9:A. forbearance B. tolerance C. impartiality D. altruism

Question 10:A. out of B. due to C. along with D. instead of

Question 11:A. setting B. conditions C. environment D. milieu

Question 12:A. wealth B. treasure trove C. capital D. bounty

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of
utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following
questions from 13 to 17.

Question 13:

1. John: Well, we have the client meeting on Thursday, so we should prepare the presentation
first. I think we should focus on that today.

2. John: Hey Alice, we need to organize our tasks for this week. Do you have a minute?

3. Alice: Sure, John! I was just going through my to-do list. What should we prioritize?

A. a-b-c B. c-a-b C. b-c-a D. c-b-a

Question 14:

1. Alice: Alright, I’ll finish gathering the data, and once you're done with the budget section, we
can combine everything.

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 2. Alice: Hey John, I just realized we forgot to include the budget details in the presentation.
Should we add that now or leave it out?

3. John: Sounds good. Also, I just received an email from the client asking for some additional
information. I’ll forward it to you so you can include it in the report.

4. Alice: Okay, no problem. I’ll make sure to review the new details before I send the report to
you for the final check.

5. John: Good catch, Alice! We definitely need to include the budget section. Let’s add it to the
slides after we finish the data. I’ll work on that part.

A. b-d-c-e-a B. e-b-c-a-d C. a-b-c-e-d D. b-e-a-c-d

Question 15:

Hi Alice,

1. I’m sure we can mix both relaxation and a bit of adventure. Would the end of this month
work for you to go?

2. I hope you're doing well! I’ve been thinking about how we could really use a break, and I
wanted to suggest we plan a trip.

3. What do you think about Da Lat? It’s got beautiful scenery, cool weather, and lots of outdoor
activities like trekking, visiting flower gardens, and exploring nature.

4. If you're up for something more adventurous, I found a few options like kayaking on the lake
and hiking through the forests.

5. Let me know what you think – I’m excited about the idea!

Best, LK

A. b-c-d-a-e B. c-a-d-b-e C. a-d-c-b-e D. b-a-e-d-c

Question 16:

1. Nonetheless, the fusion of cultures has made the world a more dynamic and open place,
where people can celebrate both their unique heritage and the beauty of diversity.

2. Thanks to advancements in technology and communication, people from different countries

and backgrounds can now share ideas, traditions, and experiences more easily than ever
before.

3. This cultural exchange has led to the blending of various elements such as food, fashion,
music, and language, creating a rich, diverse global society.

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 4. In today’s interconnected world, global culture has become an important aspect of modern
life.

5. While this global culture encourages understanding and unity, it also presents challenges,
such as the loss of local traditions and the risk of cultural homogenization.

1. a-b-d-c-a B. b-c-e-d-a C. e-c-d-b-a D. d-b-c-e-a

Question 17:

1. However, it also presents challenges such as time zone differences, cultural

misunderstandings, and the need for effective communication across languages.

2. With the rise of remote work, outsourcing, and multinational companies, businesses can now
tap into talent from all corners of the world.

3. In the modern economy, the concept of a global workforce has become increasingly
prevalent.

4. Despite these obstacles, the global workforce continues to grow, making the world of work
more interconnected and dynamic than ever before.

5. This has opened up opportunities for people to collaborate across borders, bringing together
diverse perspectives and skills. A global workforce allows companies to access specialized
expertise, reduce costs, and operate more efficiently.

A. c-d-e-a-b B. c-a-d-b-e C. c-e-b-a-d D. c-b-e-a-d

Read the following passage about The Life of Albert Einstein and mark the letter A, B, C or D
on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18
to 22.

Albert Einstein, one of the most brilliant minds in history, was born in the city of Ulm, Germany, in
1879. He showed signs of his intellectual brilliance at a young age. (18)_________. However, he
wasn’t always a great student in school, as his teachers often thought he was a rebellious
child. (19)_________.

As a young man, Einstein moved to Switzerland to study at the Swiss Federal Polytechnic. He earned
his degree in physics in 1900 and later took a job at the Swiss patent office. This job, however,
allowed him the time and space to think deeply about the nature of the universe. In 1905, he
published four groundbreaking papers in the Annalen der Physik, (20)_________.

Einstein’s theory of relativity revolutionized the way we understand time, space, and gravity. People
around the world began to realize that Einstein was not just a scientist, but a genius who would
change the course of history. (21)_________.

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Though Einstein was highly regarded for his scientific achievements, his personal life was more
complicated. He had married Mileva Marić, a fellow physicist, in 1903, but their relationship ended
in divorce in 1919. Despite these personal struggles, (22)_________.

In the later years of his life, Einstein became an outspoken advocate for peace and civil rights. He
also emigrated to the United States in 1933 after Adolf Hitler rose to power. Having escaped Nazi
persecution, he took a position at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, where he would
continue his work until his death in 1955.

Question 18:

1. By the time he was a teenager, who he had already developed an interest in mathematics and
physics

2. By the time he was a teenager, he had already developed an interest in mathematics and
physics, which he was passionate about

3. By the time he was a teenager, he had already developed an interest in mathematics and
physics

4. Having developed already an interest in mathematics and physics, he was ready to study them
more seriously

Question 19:

1. He had struggled with some subjects and his passion for learning never wavered

2. He had struggled with some subjects, so his passion for learning never wavered

3. He had struggled with some subjects, but his passion for learning never wavered

4. He had struggled with some subjects although his passion for learning never wavered

Question 20:

1. one of which was introducing the famous theory of special relativity

2. one of which had introduced the famous theory of special relativity

3. one of which is introducing the famous theory of special relativity

4. one of which introduced the famous theory of special relativity

Question 21:

1. His work in theoretical physics earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics, and it was for his
discovery of the photoelectric effect

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 2. His work in theoretical physics earned him the Nobel Prize, because he discovered the
photoelectric effect

3. His work in theoretical physics earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921, although he
discovered the photoelectric effect

4. His work in theoretical physics earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his
discovery of the photoelectric effect

Question 22:

1. Einstein continued to work on his theories and make significant contributions to the scientific
community

2. Einstein continued to work on his theories and continued to make significant contributions to
the scientific community

3. Einstein continued to work on his theories and makes significant contributions to the
scientific community

4. Einstein continued working on his theories and making significant contributions to the
scientific community

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your
answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most
iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system
of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the
Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the
University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African
National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading
protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced
to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27
years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment,
Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released
Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition
to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the
country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national
unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have

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tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that
after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like
HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a
legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

Question 23: Which of the following is not mentioned as a symbolic activity that Nelson Mandela
participated in?

1. Leading protests against apartheid policies

2. Negotiating the end of apartheid

3. Serving as South Africa’s first black president

4. Creating a new political party to oppose apartheid

Question 24: The word “racial” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_________.

1. Multicultural B. Homogeneous C. Segregated

D. Uniform

Question 25: The word “He” in paragraph 3 refers to_________.

1. The South African government

2. The African National Congress (ANC)

3. The political pressure groups

4. Nelson Mandela

Question 26: The word “apartheid” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by_________.

1. Segregationist policies B. Oligarchy

C. Egalitarianism D. Federalism

Question 27: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

1. I have faced many struggles, but I know that after reaching my goals, there will be no more
difficulties.

2. The road to freedom is easy, but there are moments of doubt and failure along the way.

3. Despite facing many challenges and setbacks, I have learned that the path to freedom is long,
and there will always be more obstacles to overcome.

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 4. My journey has been short, but I am grateful for the obstacles that have shaped me into a
stronger person.

Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

1. Nelson Mandela became South Africa’s first black president after the fall of apartheid in
1990.

2. Mandela focused solely on issues related to economic development after stepping down as
president.

3. He was born in the city of Johannesburg and later studied law at the University of Cape
Town.

4. Mandela was imprisoned for 27 years, mostly on Robben Island, but his reputation grew
internationally during his time in prison.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer mention the inheritance of Nelson Mandela?

1. Paragraph 2 B. Paragraph 5 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4

Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer mention the sorrowful year of Nelson Mandela?

1. Paragraph 6 B. Paragraph 4 C. Paragraph 1 D. Paragraph 2

Read the following passage about the Urbanization in South Korea and mark the letter A, B, C
or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from
31 to 40.

Urbanization in South Korea has been one of the most significant transformations in the country’s
history, especially after the Korean War. From the 1950s onwards, South Korea experienced rapid
industrialization, leading to a massive shift from a predominantly rural society to a modern urban
one. Seoul, the capital city, became the central hub for economic, political, and cultural development.
The government played a pivotal role in this transition by investing heavily in infrastructure,
improving transportation, and creating job opportunities in cities, particularly in manufacturing and
service sectors. These efforts attracted a large number of people from rural areas, eager to escape
poverty and seek better opportunities.

As a result, cities expanded rapidly, and the demand for housing skyrocketed. To accommodate the
growing population, high-rise apartment complexes were built, which became a defining feature of
the urban landscape. [I]. Overcrowding in urban centers became a significant issue, and with it, the
rise in pollution levels, especially air and water pollution, which negatively affected the quality of
life in cities[II]. [III]Additionally, the cost of living, particularly in Seoul, became increasingly
high, [IV]making it difficult for many citizens to afford housing and basic services.

Despite these challenges, urbanization has played a key role in driving South Korea’s economic
growth and technological advancement. The country is now recognized as one of the world’s leading

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economies, largely due to the industrial and technological developments that took place in its urban
centers. Urban areas have become centers of innovation, where new industries, such as information
technology and electronics, thrive.

Today, the government is working to address the negative effects of rapid urbanization. Efforts to
reduce pollution, improve environmental sustainability, and promote balanced development between
urban and rural areas are central to current policy. While urbanization has brought prosperity and
social mobility to many South Koreans, the challenge of managing growth while ensuring
sustainability remains a complex issue.

In conclusion, urbanization has fundamentally reshaped South Korea’s economy, culture, and
society. It has been a driving force behind the country's rise as a global economic power. However,
as cities continue to grow, finding a balance between development and sustainability will be
essential to ensure the well-being of future generations.

Question 31: The phrase “defining feature” in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by_________.

1. stand out B. grown on C. light up D. break up

Question 32: Where in paragraph 2 does the following sentence best fit?

However, with this rapid growth came numerous challenges

1. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]

Question 33: The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to_________.

1. The rise in pollution levels

2. The growing population

3. The overcrowding in urban centers

4. The rapid industrialization

Question 34: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a challenge of urbanization in South
Korea?

1. Overcrowding in urban centers

2. Decreased access to education

3. Rise in pollution levels

4. High cost of living, particularly in Seoul

Question 35: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?

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 1. Urbanization has contributed to South Korea’s economic and technological growth, with
cities becoming centers of innovation in industries like IT and electronics.

2. The government is focusing on reducing pollution and managing the rising cost of living in
urban centers.

3. The industrialization process in South Korea is responsible for the increase in pollution levels
and overcrowding.

4. Urbanization in South Korea has resulted in the creation of more job opportunities for people
from rural areas.

Question 36: The word “prosperity” in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_________.

1. Affluence B. Flourishing C. Destitution D. Opulence

Question 37: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

1. Urbanization in South Korea has been an unqualified success, yielding no significant

difficulties.

2. The environmental impact of urbanization in South Korea has been negligible, with little to
no effect on air and water quality.

3. The government has played an instrumental role by investing substantially in infrastructure

and fostering employment opportunities in urban areas.

4. Seoul has diminished in prominence as the primary hub for economic, political, and cultural
affairs in South Korea.

Question 38: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 5?

A. It will be crucial to prioritize economic growth over environmental concerns to ensure the
prosperity of future generations.

B. Cities should be allowed to grow without restrictions, as this will guarantee a bright future for
all generations.

C. The government must focus solely on environmental sustainability, disregarding any

concerns about urban growth, to protect future generations.

D. As urbanization accelerates, it is important to strike a balance between growth and

environmental responsibility in order to safeguard future generations.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

1. The urbanization process in South Korea was primarily propelled by governmental initiatives
in infrastructural enhancement.

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 2. The swift urban expansion in South Korea has resulted in both substantial economic
prosperity and significant environmental degradation.

3. Seoul's demographic is now predominantly rural due to the repercussions of urbanization.

4. The South Korean government has entirely alleviated the issues related to pollution
in metropolitan regions.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

1. South Korea's rapid urbanization following the Korean War has been a crucial catalyst for its
economic prosperity, although it has also engendered substantial challenges such as urban
sprawl, environmental degradation, and escalating living expenses, which the government is
endeavoring to mitigate.

2. The urbanization process in South Korea has effectively eradicated poverty and secured a
high standard of living for the entire population, ensuring widespread economic affluence.

3. South Korea's focus on urban expansion has primarily concentrated on preserving rural areas
while curbing urban growth in order to forestall ecological deterioration.

4. Governmental investments in urban infrastructure and residential development have

transformed Seoul into the epitome of affordability and environmental sustainability,
boasting minimal pollution levels.

FINAL MIDTERM TEST 5 - GRADE 12 - 2025

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

"The Inspiring Life Story of Oprah Winfrey”

A Journey We Admire

 Oprah Winfrey's life is a remarkable story of overcoming adversity and achieving greatness.
From growing up in poverty to becoming a global media mogul, Oprah has always inspired
millions with her determination, (1)_________, and generosity. Her journey is a powerful
reminder that no matter the circumstances, anyone can rise above their challenges and make a
lasting impact on the world.

 Oprah is a successful entrepreneur who revolutionized the media industry.

Her (2)_________ continues to inspire people of all ages. Oprah, (3)_________ poverty,
became a symbol of hope and perseverance.

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  She often gives her wisdom (4)_________ millions of viewers around the
world. (5)_________ all odds, Oprah became the first African-American woman to host her
own talk show. Helping others find their voice is one of Oprah’s greatest passions,
and (6)_________ people to reach their full potential has always been her mission.

 Oprah Winfrey's life story is a testament to the power of perseverance, compassion, and self-
belief. Her journey from hardship to success continues to inspire people around the world,
showing us that with determination and a desire to help others, we can achieve greatness.
Oprah’s story is not just a tale of personal success, but also a reminder that each of us has the
power to make a positive difference in the world.

Question 1:A. resilient B. resilience C. resile D. resiliently

Question 2:A. story remarkable life B. remarkable life story

3. life story remarkable D. story life remarkable

Question 3:A. overcoming B. was overcame C. came D. which overcame

Question 4:A. at B. about C. to D. for

Question 5:A. Among B. Against C. Beneath D. Over

Question 6:A. inspire B. inspiring C. to inspire D. to inspiring

Read of the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

The Multicultural World

 In today’s world, (7)_________ cultures are more present and influential than ever before. As
globalization connects us more deeply, we interact with others from diverse backgrounds
every day. This global interaction allows us to (8)_________ various cultural norms,
traditions, and values that shape our lives.

 The concept of multiculturalism refers to the (9)_________ of multiple cultures in a single

society. Diversity in culture leads to an enriched society where people learn to appreciate and
understand different ways of life. Multicultural societies also bring about new perspectives,
fostering innovation and creativity.

 Through the use of (10)_________ learning about cultural differences, we also need to be
open-minded and respectful of them. It is essential that we embrace other cultures, not just
tolerate them. Learning about the (11)_________ of human expression through art, language,
and religion is a vital part of this process.

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  Finally, there is a (12)_________ of community in multicultural societies, where people of all
backgrounds live together in harmony. This sense of community strengthens bonds between
individuals and promotes shared understanding.

Question 7:A. the others B. others C. other D. another

Question 8:A. look back on B. go through with C. pick up on D. come down with

Question 9:A. fragmentation B. assimilation C. coexistence D. existence

Question 10:A. in addition to B. in place of C. as well as D. in pursuit of

Question
11:A. varieties B. manifestations C. interpretations D. dimensions

Question 12:A. heightened sense B. mounting sense C. swelling sense D. growing

sense

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of
utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following
questions from 13 to 17.

Question 13:

1. Sarah: Hey John, how's everything going with your new job?

2. John: Hey Sarah! It's going well, but honestly, it's been pretty overwhelming. There's just so
much to learn in such a short amount of time. How about you? How's life?

3. Sarah: Oh, you know, life’s always full of ups and downs. I’ve been trying to find a balance
between work and personal life. It’s tough sometimes, but I’m managing.

1. c-a-b B. a-c-b C. b-a-c

D. a-b-c

Question 14:

1. Tom: I totally get that. High school is already stressful enough without throwing relationships
into the mix. But I think it’s important to know what you want. If you like him, you shouldn’t
ignore it, but also make sure it doesn’t take over everything else.

2. Tom: Hmm, not at all! Everyone has crushes, especially in high school. It’s part of growing
up, I guess. Do you have a crush on someone?

3. Lily: Hey Tom, do you think it’s weird to have a crush on someone in high school?

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 4. Lily: Well... I think I might like someone, but I’m not sure if it’s just a phase or if it’s
something more serious. It’s just... we’re both busy with schoolwork, and I don’t want it to
interfere with my studies.

5. Lily: Yeah, you're right. I don’t want to be too distracted, but when we talk, it just feels
different, you know? It’s like everything else fades away for a moment.

1. c-d-b-e-a B. d-e-c-a-b C. a-b-c-d-e

D. c-b-d-a-e

Question 15:

Dear Anna,

1. I think talking to a teacher might be a good first step. They can address it safely and privately,
without making Sarah feel worse.

2. Thanks for reaching out to me. I’ve noticed the same thing with Sarah, and I’m really upset
by it. Bullying is such a serious issue, and I agree that we can’t just stay silent.

3. Also, I was thinking—maybe we could approach Sarah in a kind way, just to show her that
she has friends who care. Sometimes just knowing someone’s on your side can make a big
difference.

4. We could also try raising awareness at school, maybe by organizing a campaign or a

discussion about bullying. That might help others realize how hurtful it can be.

5. Let me know what you think about that.

Take care,

LK

1. a-b-c-d-e B. b-a-d-c-e C. d-c-a-b-e

D. e-c-b-d-a

Question 16:

1. To prevent abuse of power, schools must establish clear rules and ensure that all staff
members are held accountable for their actions. Students should feel safe and supported in
speaking out against unfair treatment. A fair and respectful environment is crucial for
students’ growth and success.

2. When teachers show favoritism by giving certain students better treatment or grades, it
creates an unhealthy and unequal environment. This can make other students feel neglected
or demoralized.

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 3. Abuse of power in schools occurs when those in positions of authority, such as teachers or
school administrators, misuse their power to control, intimidate, or unfairly treat students.
This can take many forms, including favoritism, unfair punishment, or even bullying.

4. Another form of abuse is when authority figures use their position to bully students, whether
emotionally or physically. This type of behavior can have long-lasting negative effects on
students, harming their self-esteem and mental health.

5. In conclusion, the abuse of power in schools is a serious issue that must be addressed.
Schools must create a safe, fair space where all students are treated equally and with respect.

1. c-b-d-a-e B. a-d-c-b-e C. d-c-b-a-e

D. b-a-d-c-e

Question 17:

1. Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok can create an illusion of
connection but often lead to feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and low self-esteem.

2. To address this issue, it’s important for both individuals and society to recognize the negative
effects of excessive screen time. Setting time limits on device usage and encouraging face-to-
face interactions can help people maintain a healthier balance between their online and
offline lives.

3. Excessive use of social media can cause students to lose focus on their education, leading to
poor academic performance. Moreover, the constant comparison to others online can result in
mental health issues such as depression and stress.

4. In today's world, internet and social media addiction have become serious problems,
especially among teenagers. With easy access to the internet through smartphones, many
people spend hours online, often neglecting their studies, social interactions, and physical
health.

5. In conclusion, while the internet and social media have many advantages, it’s essential to use
them responsibly to avoid addiction and its harmful effects.

1. d-b-c-a-e B. d-e-a-c-b C. d-a-c-b-e

D. d-c-e-b-a

Read the following passage about The Future of Green Living and mark the letter A, B, C or D
on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18
to 22.

(18)_________; it has become a practical necessity. As climate change accelerates and natural
resources deplete, we must all do our part in protecting the planet. One of the most effective ways to
live sustainably is to adopt a zero-waste lifestyle, which involves reducing, reusing, and recycling

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materials to minimize waste production. (19)_________ by setting up public recycling bins and
offering incentives for waste reduction.

To help reduce energy consumption, many households now opt for solar panels, which are becoming
more affordable and efficient. These panels, having been installed on rooftops, allow homes to
generate their own electricity and significantly reduce reliance on non-renewable energy sources. In
addition, governments are supporting the transition to green energy (20)_________.

Furthermore, sustainable transportation is a crucial aspect of green living. Many cities are investing
in electric vehicle (EV) infrastructure, such as charging stations, to encourage people to switch from
gasoline-powered cars. Public transportation systems are also becoming greener, with electric buses
and trains now commonplace in several cities. (21)_________.

Ultimately, having embraced green living practices, we can create a world where people live in
harmony with nature, (22)_________ that is as beautiful and thriving as the one we know today.

Question 18:

1. The concept of green living is no longer just an idealistic goal

2. The concept of green living, that is no longer just an idealistic goal

3. The concept of green living is no longer just an idealistic goal, having been considered
unrealistic for many years

4. The concept of green living, which no longer is just an idealistic goal

Question 19:

1. Some cities started encouraging residents to embrace this lifestyle

2. Some cities have started to encourage residents embrace this lifestyle

3. Some cities have already started encouraging residents to embrace this lifestyle

4. Some cities already started encouraging residents to embrace this lifestyle

Question 20:

1. by offering subsidies and creating policies which promotes the use of wind and solar power

2. by offered subsidies and created policies that promote the use of wind and solar power

3. by offering subsidies and to create policies that promote the use of wind and solar power

4. by offering subsidies and creating policies that promote the use of wind and solar power

Question 21:

16
 1. The shift towards electric transportation not only reduces greenhouse gas emissions but also
reduced air pollution in urban areas

2. The shift towards electric transportation not only reduces greenhouse gas emissions but also
decreases air pollution in urban areas

3. The shift towards electric transportation not only reduces greenhouse gas emissions but also
decrease air pollution in urban areas

4. The shift towards electric transportation not only reduces greenhouse gas emissions, it also
decreases air pollution in urban areas

Question 22:

1. ensured that future generations can enjoy a planet

2. ensuring that future generations could enjoy a planet

3. ensuring that future generations can enjoy a planet

4. having ensured that future generations can enjoy a planet

Read the following passage about Urbanization in the U.S. and mark the letter A, B, C or D on
your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Urbanization in the United States has been a dominant force for more than a century. From the early
1900s to the present, vast numbers of people have flocked from rural areas to urban centers in search
of better opportunities in employment, education, and healthcare. Today, approximately 82% of the
U.S. population resides in cities, a stark contrast to the rural dominance of the past.

The primary driver of this trend is the promise of higher-paying jobs and career advancement. Urban
areas are hubs of innovation, home to thriving industries such as technology, finance, and healthcare.
In these environments, access to quality education and healthcare services also plays a crucial role in
attracting individuals and families seeking a better quality of life.

However, urbanization brings significant challenges. As cities grow, they face problems like
overcrowding, environmental degradation, and escalating living costs. In cities such as New York
and San Francisco, skyrocketing housing prices have made it nearly impossible for low-income
families to secure affordable accommodation. Moreover, the strain on infrastructure, including
schools and hospitals, is a constant issue that urban planners must address.

Despite these issues, the rise of "smart cities" offers a potential solution. Cities like Boston and
Chicago are integrating technology to improve urban life—smart traffic management systems,
renewable energy sources, and the development of green spaces aim to create a more sustainable
urban environment. These cities are exploring ways to balance urban growth with environmental
consciousness.

17
As urbanization progresses, the U.S. faces both opportunities and obstacles. Cities offer a fertile
ground for innovation and career growth, but maintaining a high quality of life requires
careful planning and resource management to ensure that urban centers remain sustainable
and livable for generations to come.

Question 23: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage about urbanization in the
U.S.?

A. The role of technology in creating jobs

B. .Overcrowding in urban areas

C. The shift to smart cities

D. The cost of housing in rural areas

Question 24: The word “flocked” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_________.

1. Wandered B. Converged C. Stagnated D. Convened

Question 25: The word “it” in paragraph 3 refers to_________.

1. Urbanization B. Housing prices C. Overcrowding D. The strain on infrastructure

Question 26: The word “hubs” in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by_________.

1. Expanse B. Facets C. Peripheries D. Epicenters

Question 27: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 5?

1. Cities provide opportunities for growth and advancement, but careful planning is necessary to
keep them livable in the future.

2. Urban centers are the driving force behind innovation and employment, yet they face serious
challenges that could limit their growth.

3. While cities are hubs of innovation, they require more infrastructure to accommodate their
growing populations.

4. Cities contribute significantly to career development, but they also need careful management
to avoid deterioration.

Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

1. Urbanization has led to a decrease in the percentage of the U.S. population living in cities.

2. Overcrowding and environmental degradation are not significant challenges in urban areas.

18
 3. "Smart cities" like Boston and Chicago are using technology to address environmental
challenges.

4. The promise of higher-paying jobs is the only factor driving urbanization in the U.S.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer mention what is one reason people move to cities?

1. Paragraph 4 B. Paragraph 3 C. Paragraph 2 D. Paragraph 1

Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer mention what is one major challenge that comes
with urbanization?

1. Paragraph 5 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 3

Read the following passage about the Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society and mark
the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following
questions from 31 to 40.

In the contemporary globalized landscape, multiculturalism has emerged as a defining characteristic

of numerous nations across the globe. A multicultural society is one in which individuals from
diverse cultural, ethnic, and religious backgrounds coexist, engage, and contribute to a collective
national identity. This dynamic confluence of different traditions, languages, and beliefs is evident in
the cosmopolitan cities of the world, from New York to Paris, from Sydney to Toronto. While this
cultural amalgamation presents myriad benefits, it also brings about a series of challenges that
require careful navigation.

One of the foremost advantages of living in a multicultural environment is the potential for cultural
exchange. Immigrants and expatriates infuse the community with fresh ideas, customs, and
worldviews, enriching the collective identity[I]. For instance, food, art, music, and festivals from
various parts of the world become interwoven into the cultural fabric of cities, creating a dynamic,
ever-evolving cultural scene[II]. [III], where a fusion of artistic, intellectual, and creative endeavors
occurs. These cities are not only culturally vibrant but also attract global talent and tourism, fostering
economic growth and social cohesion.[IV]

However, the advantages of multiculturalism are accompanied by several complexities. A significant

concern is the risk of social fragmentation. The stark differences in language, customs, and values
can lead to misunderstandings, marginalization, and even outright prejudice. In some instances,
cultural disparities may result in unequal opportunities, where particular groups struggle to gain
equal access to jobs, education, or healthcare. Immigrant communities, for example, may face
systemic barriers due to language differences or cultural biases, which impede their full participation
in the workforce or society. Thus, while multiculturalism can strengthen society, it also
necessitates deliberate efforts to promote inclusivity and equity.

The solution lies in fostering intercultural dialogue and empathy. Education plays a pivotal role in
breaking down cultural barriers. By teaching students to appreciate cultural diversity, societies can
cultivate mutual respect and reduce stereotypes. In addition to formal education, informal

19
community programs, public initiatives, and policies that celebrate diversity can further enhance
understanding among different cultural groups. Governments must also design policies that address
social inequalities and ensure that all citizens, regardless of their cultural background, have access to
equal opportunities and resources.

Ultimately, despite the challenges that arise from multiculturalism, its potential benefits far outweigh
the difficulties. In an increasingly interconnected world, diversity should be viewed not as a source
of division but as a wellspring of creativity, innovation, and mutual respect. By fostering a culture of
inclusivity, societies can forge stronger, more harmonious communities that celebrate their
differences while working towards common goals.

Question 31: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

1. Multiculturalism leads to a complete lack of prejudice and inequality.

2. Education is important in breaking down cultural barriers.

3. Immigrant communities face barriers due to cultural biases and language differences.

4. Multicultural cities are hotspots of innovation and creativity.

Question 32: The word “amalgamation” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_________.

A. Cohesion B. Synthesis C. Confluence D. Disintegration

Question 33: Where in paragraph 2 does the following sentence best fit?

Multicultural urban centers often emerge as hotspots of innovation

1. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]

Question 34: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 2?

1. Multicultural environments provide a rich cultural exchange, fostering creativity, innovation,

and economic growth.

2. Multicultural societies often face challenges in adapting to the changes brought by new
cultural influences.

3. The fusion of food, art, music, and festivals in multicultural cities can lead to cultural
fragmentation.

4. Immigrants bring economic advantages to cities by boosting tourism and global trade.

Question 35: The word “their” in paragraph 3 refers to_________.

1. Language differences

20
 2. Immigrant communities

3. Barriers

4. Cultural biases

Question 36: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

1. Multiculturalism can harm society unless there are clear efforts to protect cultural equality
and fairness.

2. While multiculturalism can make society stronger, it sometimes complicates efforts to

promote social justice.

3. Although multiculturalism improves society, it often creates divisions that need to be

addressed.

4. Multiculturalism may enhance society, but it requires intentional actions to ensure fairness
and inclusion.

Question 37: The phrase “mutual respect” in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by_________.

1. Look up to B. Put up with C. Get along with D. Stand up for

Question 38: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

1. Cultural exchange in multicultural environments can foster economic growth and social
cohesion.

2. Multiculturalism leads to the complete elimination of cultural disparities in society.

3. Immigrants face no barriers when integrating into multicultural societies.

4. The challenges of multiculturalism outweigh its benefits in the modern world.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

1. Multiculturalism inevitably leads to the complete integration of all cultural groups into one
homogeneous society.

2. Education and intercultural dialogue are key to reducing misunderstandings and promoting
inclusivity.

3. Social fragmentation and prejudice are the only challenges that come with multiculturalism.

4. Multicultural cities are primarily a source of economic benefits, with little focus on social
cohesion.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

21
 1. Multiculturalism leads to social fragmentation but is essential for economic development and
global tourism.

2. Multicultural societies bring both benefits and challenges, requiring efforts to promote
inclusivity, equity, and intercultural dialogue.

3. While multiculturalism fosters creativity and innovation, it creates significant barriers for
immigrant communities in accessing jobs and healthcare.

4. The diversity in multicultural cities is a source of division and misunderstanding, making it

difficult to achieve social cohesion.

FINAL MIDTERM TEST 6 - GRADE 12 - 2025

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

Greta Thunberg – A Young Leader for Climate Action

 Greta Thunberg, a passionate environmental (1)_________, has become a global icon for
climate change awareness and action. At just 15 years old, she began her solitary school
strike for climate, which sparked a worldwide movement known as "Fridays for Future."

 Her bold school strike sparked a (2)_________ and brought about significant climate action.
Greta's work, which has drawn both praise and criticism, is helping to push governments to
take immediate action on climate change.

 Greta’s movement, (3)_________ millions worldwide, has led to significant protests and
discussions. Her dedication to raising awareness about global warming has taken her to
international platforms, such as the United Nations. Greta has spoken the urgent climate
issues (4)_________ the United Nations about urgent climate change.

 She is admired for (5)_________ to her guns despite facing intense scrutiny and skepticism.
Her influence has led to both challenges and breakthroughs, with many young people
demanding climate action and rethinking their lifestyles. Greta enjoys demanding climate
action and (6)_________ the status quo.

Question 1:A. activity B. active C. activist D. activistic

Question 2:A. youth movement global B. global movement youth

C. global youth movement D. movement global youth

Question 3:A. was inspired B. inspiring C. which inspired D. inspired

Question 4:A. to B. for C. with D. about

Question 5:A. making B. bringing C. doing D. sticking

22
Question 6:A. challenge B. to challenge C. challenging D. to challenging

Read of the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Small Choices, Big Impact

 Green living is more than just a buzzword—it's a (7)_________ that's transforming how we
interact with the world. While other people might focus on reducing their energy
consumption, (8)_________ choose to make eco-friendly decisions in every part of their
lives, from the food they eat to the products they buy. The best part? Another day brings
another opportunity to make a positive change.

 You don’t have to start big to make a difference. Just by (9)_________ plastic, you can
reduce your environmental footprint. Whether you opt for reusable straws, carry your own
coffee cup, or simply avoid single-use plastics, these small changes add up over time.

 At the core of green living is (10)_________, which means protecting our planet's most
precious resources. Think of it like saving money in a bank—by conserving water, energy,
and natural habitats, we ensure that we have enough for the future.

 We often talk about personal responsibility, but (11)_________ what we do individually,

communities and businesses must also act. Green policies, like reducing waste or supporting
renewable energy, are essential for making lasting change at a larger scale.

 Sadly, a (12)_________ of waste still ends up in our landfills and oceans every day, much of
it due to packaging. But if we switch to a circular economy model—where products are
designed to be reused or recycled—we can drastically reduce this waste and its harmful
effects on the environment.

Question
7:A. movement B. phenomenon C. ideology D. venture

Question 8:A. other B. the others C. another D. others

Question 9:A. coming up against B. running out on C. running out of D. cutting down on

Question10:A. sustainability B. conservation C. regeneration D. ecocentrism

Question 11:A. in place of B. as well as C. in addition to D. with respect to

Question 12:A. tremendous amount B. copious amount

C. substantial amount D. vast amount

23
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of
utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following
questions from 13 to 17.

Question 13:

1. Anna: Oh, mine is great! I love the subjects we're studying. We have a new teacher, and she's
super friendly. What subjects are you taking this semester?

2. Anna: Hi, Tom! How's your new class going?

3. Tom: Hi, Anna! It's going pretty well. The teacher is really nice, but the class is a bit
challenging. How about yours?

1. a-c-b B. c-b-a C. a-b-c D. b-c-a

Question 14:

1. David: Absolutely! It took courage, but that’s what makes him a great doctor. Not only was
he brilliant, but he cared deeply about his patients.

2. Sarah: Hi, David! I’ve been reading about Dr. William Harvey, the doctor who discovered
blood circulation. Have you heard of him?

3. Sarah: That’s true. A great doctor is not just smart but also compassionate. Dr. Harvey’s work
still influences modern medicine today.

4. David: Yes, of course! Dr. Harvey’s discovery was groundbreaking. He proved that blood
circulates through the body, which changed medicine forever.

5. Sarah: I admire how he never gave up, even when people didn’t believe him. It must have
been tough to challenge established ideas.

1. a-e-d-b-c B. b-c-e-d-a C. d-c-a-b-e D. b-d-e-a-c

Question 15:

Dear David,

1. I think as we grow older, we begin to appreciate the hard work and dedication teachers put
into their roles. They don’t just teach subjects—they teach us valuable life lessons too. I often
find myself thinking back to the lessons she shared about history, but also about how to
approach challenges in life.

2. I recently reconnected with Mrs. Johnson, my high school history teacher, and realized how
much her passion for teaching influenced me.

24
 3. I hope you’re doing well! I’ve been reflecting a lot lately on the importance of teachers. It’s
amazing how they shape our lives and inspire us.

4. In many ways, teachers are like guides, helping us discover our potential. It’s so easy to
forget the impact they had when we were younger, but now I see how much they shape our
character and future.

5. What are your thoughts on the importance of respecting teachers? Do you have any teachers
who inspired you in a similar way?

Looking forward to hearing from you!

Best,

LK

1. d-a-c-b-e B. b-a-d-c-e C. c-b-a-d-e D. e-d-a-b-c

Question 16:

1. Furthermore, multiculturalism can sometimes result in the loss of individual identity. People
may feel pressured to adapt to the dominant culture, causing them to abandon parts of their
heritage, which can lead to a sense of alienation.

2. Economic inequality is also a concern. Immigrants and minority groups may face
discrimination in the job market, which limits their opportunities and can worsen social
divides.

3. Finally, multiculturalism can weaken national unity. As different cultural groups assert their
own values, the sense of a shared national identity can diminish, leading to a loss of cultural
cohesion and national pride.

4. While multiculturalism is often seen as a positive force in society, it does have its drawbacks.
One major issue is cultural misunderstanding. People from different backgrounds may have
different values and communication styles, which can lead to confusion or even conflict.

5. Another problem is the challenge of integration. In a multicultural society, people from

various cultures may struggle to connect with each other, and some may feel excluded if their
traditions are not respected. This can create divisions and tension within communities.

1. a-e-d-b-c B. d-e-a-b-c C. e-a-b-d-c D. b-e-d-a-c

Question 17:

1. Another issue is lack of awareness. Many people don't realize the environmental impact of
their daily choices. Without proper education, it can be difficult to make environmentally
conscious decisions.

25
 2. While adopting a green lifestyle is important, it comes with several challenges. One major
obstacle is the high cost of eco-friendly products. Sustainable goods, organic foods, and
renewable energy sources tend to be more expensive, making them less accessible to many
people.

3. Cultural norms also play a role. In some societies, convenience and consumerism are
prioritized, making it harder for individuals to adopt eco-friendly habits.

4. Finally, political and economic factors can slow down the transition to a greener world.
Without strong government policies or business incentives, sustainable practices can be
difficult to implement on a large scale.

5. In addition, the lack of infrastructure in many areas makes it hard to live sustainably. Limited
public transportation, inadequate recycling programs, and lack of access to renewable energy
are just a few examples.

1. b-a-e-c-d B. b-e-c-a-d C. b-d-e-c-a D. b-a-e-d-c

Read the following passage about The Workplace Environment in the 5.0 Era and mark the
letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the
numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

In the rapidly changing world of Industry 5.0, the workplace has evolved with technological
advancements and human-centric approaches. As artificial intelligence (AI) and automation play a
larger role, (18)_________. One significant aspect is the integration of smart technologies that foster
collaboration between humans and machines, creating a more efficient environment. (19)_________.

At the heart of this transformation is flexibility. (20)_________. This shift reflects the growing
recognition that a productive workplace adapts to its workers’ needs. Moreover, workplaces in the
5.0 era are also sustainable. Companies focus on creating green offices (21)_________. This includes
energy-efficient buildings, sustainable materials, and wellness programs.

Communication has also changed. In the past, office meetings were held in one location. Today,
digital tools enable remote teams to collaborate across different time zones. This evolution is
especially beneficial for global companies, as employees work together without geographical
limitations. With real-time tools, employees share ideas, solve problems, and make decisions faster.

As AI evolves, (22)_________. By incorporating AI into the workplace, companies can increase

productivity while fostering an environment where employees explore new opportunities for
innovation. Despite concerns about job displacement, Industry 5.0 emphasizes human potential,
ensuring that technology complements the human workforce.

Question 18:

1. workspaces are being redesigned to accommodate both machines and human creativity

2. workspaces which are redesigned to accommodate both machines and human creativity

26
 3. workspaces having redesigned to accommodate both machines and human creativity

4. workspaces that are being redesigned to accommodate both machines and human creativity

Question 19:

1. Employees now use advanced tools and systems, enabling them to complete tasks faster and
with more accuracy

2. Employees now use advanced tools and systems, that enable them to complete tasks faster
and with more accuracy

3. Employees now use advanced tools and systems, enabling them to complete tasks faster,
however, they also need to improve their skill

4. Employees now use advanced tools and systems, which enable them to complete tasks faster
and with more accuracy

Question 20:

1. Many companies provide flexible working hours, remote work options, and personalized
spaces to meet the diverse needs, making employees more productive

2. Many companies provide flexible working hours, remote work options, and personalized
spaces to cater to diverse needs

3. Many companies provide flexible working hours, remote work options, and personalized
spaces, and cater to diverse needs

4. Many companies provide flexible working hours, remote work options, and personalized
spaces to cater to diverse needs, however, some companies still struggle to implement these
changes

Question 21:

1. that minimized environmental impact while promoting well-being

2. that minimize environmental impact while promoting well-being

3. that are minimizing environmental impact while promoting well-being

4. that which minimize environmental impact while promoting well-being

Question 22:

1. future workplaces will likely see more automation, having allowed employees to focus on
creative work

27
 2. future workplaces will likely see more automation, allowed employees to focus on creative
work

3. future workplaces will likely see more automation, allowing employees to focus on creative
work

4. future workplaces will likely see more automation, allowing employees to have focused on
creative work

Read the following passage about The Significance of Collaboration in Urbanization and mark
the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following
questions from 23 to 30.

Urbanization, the migration of people from rural areas to urban centers, is a global phenomenon
reshaping landscapes and societies. As cities expand, they face an array of complex challenges,
including overcrowding, resource depletion, environmental degradation, and traffic gridlock. In this
context, collaboration between governments, private enterprises, and local communities is
indispensable to ensure sustainable urban growth.

One of the foremost areas where cooperation is crucial is urban planning. Local governments are
responsible for setting regulatory frameworks, but the active involvement of private corporations is
essential to address challenges like transportation, housing shortages, and waste management.
Through public-private partnerships, significant infrastructure projects can be financed and
implemented, such as the construction of efficient public transit systems or the creation of eco-
friendly buildings. Moreover, community engagement is key to creating cities that are inclusive and
reflective of diverse needs. Local citizens offer invaluable perspectives, ensuring that development
projects are not only viable but also equitable.

Environmental sustainability is another vital aspect that demands collective effort. The
overwhelming impact of urbanization on the environment necessitates the implementation of
green technologies and eco-conscious practices. Without the cooperative efforts of all
stakeholders, it would be difficult to reduce carbon emissions, manage waste, and build resilient
urban infrastructure that can withstand climate change.

In conclusion, urbanization presents both challenges and opportunities, but its success hinges on
collaboration. By fostering synergistic relationships between governments, businesses, and
communities, cities can evolve into thriving, sustainable, and inclusive hubs of innovation. Only
through cooperation can we ensure that urbanization benefits everyone and contributes to a better
future for all.

Question 23: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a challenge in the urbanization process?

1. Overcrowding

2. Lack of technological innovation

28
 3. Resource depletion

4. Traffic gridlock

Question 24: The word “enterprises” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_________.

1. Nonprofit organizations

2. Individuals

3. Corporations

4. Bureaucracy

Question 25: The word “viable” in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by_________.

1. Pragmatic B. Untenable C. Incongruous D. Impracticable

Question 26: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

1. The environment is only slightly impacted by urbanization and does not need significant
changes in technology.

2. Urbanization is a challenge to the environment but does not require immediate action or
green technologies.

3. Urbanization has little effect on the environment and can be addressed with some minor
technological adjustments.

4. The effects of urbanization on the environment are so severe that they require the adoption of
sustainable technologies and eco-friendly measures.

Question 27: The word “it” in paragraph 3 refers to _________.

1. The overwhelming impact of urbanization on the environment

2. Environmental sustainability

3. The implementation of green technologies and eco-conscious practices

4. Cooperative efforts of all stakeholders

Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

1. Urbanization only presents challenges without offering any opportunities.

2. Local governments alone are responsible for solving all urbanization-related challenges.

29
 3. Collaboration between governments, businesses, and local communities is crucial for
sustainable urban growth.

4. Green technologies are not necessary to mitigate the impact of urbanization on the
environment.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer mention what role do local communities play in
urban development?

1. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 4 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 2

Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer mention the suggestion is necessary for ensuring
environmental sustainability in cities?

1. Paragraph 3 B. Paragraph 4 C. Paragraph 1 D. Paragraph 2

Read the following passage about the Why Lack of Sleep Makes It Hard to Lose Weight and
mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the
following questions from 31 to 40.

Lack of sleep is a common issue in today's fast-paced world, and it has significant consequences on
both physical and mental health. One of the most surprising impacts of insufficient sleep is its effect
on weight loss. While many people focus on diet and exercise to shed pounds, they often overlook
the importance of sleep in the process. Research has shown that inadequate sleep can make weight
loss more difficult by influencing the hormones that regulate hunger, metabolism, and fat storage.

When we don’t get enough sleep, the body produces more ghrelin, the hormone that stimulates
hunger, and less leptin, the hormone that signals fullness. As a result, sleep-deprived individuals feel
hungrier and are more likely to overeat. [I], often involving high-calorie, sugary snacks that provide
quick energy but contribute to weight gain. [II]Moreover, lack of sleep increases the production of
cortisol, a stress hormone that encourages the storage of fat, especially around the
abdomen. [III]Elevated cortisol levels can make it more challenging to lose belly fat, even with
regular exercise and a balanced diet.[IV]

In addition to affecting hunger and fat storage, insufficient sleep also slows down metabolism.
Studies have shown that people who sleep less burn fewer calories at rest compared to those who
sleep more. This means that even if someone is consuming fewer calories, a slower metabolism
will reduce the amount of fat burned throughout the day, making it harder to achieve the
calorie deficit necessary for weight loss.

Furthermore, sleep deprivation often leads to low energy levels and reduced motivation for physical
activity. When people are tired, they are less likely to engage in regular exercise or maintain a
healthy level of physical activity, which is essential for burning calories and improving overall
fitness. This creates a vicious cycle where the lack of sleep leads to poor eating habits, a slower
metabolism, and a lack of exercise, all of which hinder weight loss.

30
In conclusion, sleep plays a vital role in regulating appetite, metabolism, and fat storage. Without
enough rest, it becomes much harder to lose weight, even with a proper diet and exercise plan.
Therefore, prioritizing good sleep habits is just as important as healthy eating and regular physical
activity in the pursuit of weight loss.

Question 31: The word “shed” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_________.

1. Accumulate B. Excrete C. Diminish

D. Disperse

Question 32: Where in paragraph 2 does the following sentence best fit?

This imbalance can lead to unhealthy food choices

1. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]

Question 33: The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to_________.

1. The imbalance in hormones

2. Lack of sleep

3. The desire to overeat

4. The production of cortisol

Question 34: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a consequence of sleep deprivation?

1. Increased hunger and overeating

2. Higher levels of stress

3. Slower metabolism

4. Reduced motivation for physical activity

Question 35: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 2?

1. Sleep deprivation causes the body to burn fewer calories at rest, making it harder to lose
weight.

2. Ghrelin and leptin levels are balanced when people get enough sleep, preventing overeating.

3. Cortisol levels are unaffected by sleep deprivation and have no impact on weight gain.

4. Lack of sleep leads to unhealthy food choices and increases fat storage due to hormonal
imbalances.

Question 36: The phrase “vicious cycle” in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by_________.

31
 1. Wear out B. Wind down C. Fall into place D. Break down

Question 37: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

1. A slower metabolism leads to quicker fat loss even if fewer calories are consumed, promoting
easier weight loss.

2. Consuming fewer calories has no effect on fat burning if the metabolism is slow, making
weight loss impossible.

3. A slower metabolism prevents people from burning fat effectively, making it more difficult to
create the calorie deficit needed for weight loss.

4. A slower metabolism speeds up fat burning, even when someone is eating fewer calories,
making weight loss easier.

Question 38: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

1. Lack of sleep speeds up metabolism and makes it easier to burn fat.

2. Sleep deprivation does not affect a person’s appetite or food choices.

3. Exercise is the only factor that influences weight loss, and sleep has no impact on it.

4. Inadequate sleep can make weight loss more difficult by affecting hormones that regulate
hunger and metabolism.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

1. Insufficient sleep can lead to poor eating habits, slower metabolism, and less physical
activity, all of which make it harder to lose weight.

2. Consuming high-calorie snacks is the primary cause of weight gain, regardless of sleep
patterns.

3. Regular exercise can completely offset the negative effects of sleep deprivation on weight
loss.

4. Sleep deprivation only affects mental health and does not impact physical health.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

1. Lack of sleep has minimal impact on weight loss, as diet and exercise are the primary factors
in achieving weight loss goals.

2. Adequate sleep plays a crucial role in managing weight, as poor sleep disrupts hunger
regulation, metabolism, and physical activity, making weight loss more difficult.

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3. While sleep is important for overall health, it has a minimal effect on weight loss compared
to the impact of physical exercise and dietary control.

4. The primary consequence of insufficient sleep is increased cortisol production, which directly
leads to significant weight gain regardless of exercise or diet.

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