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Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1)

March 2025
UNIT
Morning (Time: 1 hour
45minutes) 4PH1
⬣ ⬣
You must have:
Ruler, calculator, Equation Booklet (enclosed)
Physics
year 9
Total Marks

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point
• If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark
• Fill
pen.in
(HB or the
B). boxes at the top of this page with your

• Answer
name, all
Answer the questions in the spaces
questions.
provided – there may be more space
• than you need.
Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.

Information

• The total mark for this paper is 80.

• The marks for each question are shown in
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
brackets
Advice

• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.

• Write your answers neatly and in good
• Try to answer every
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
English.
question.
1. The diagram shows a rod
and a cloth.
cloth

rod

When the rod is rubbed with the cloth, the cloth becomes positively charged and
the rod becomes negatively charged.
(a) Explain how the cloth has become positively charged.
(2)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(b) The negatively charged rod makes contact with a metal object connected to
the ground.
There is an ammeter in series with the object and the ground.
(i) Explain why the ammeter shows a current for a short time and then
shows no current.
(2)
............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

 (i) State the formula linking charge transferred, current and time. (1)

(ii) The mean current displayed on the ammeter is 6.8 × 10–6 A. The current lasts for 3.7 ms.

Calculate the charge transferred. (3)

charge =..........................C
(i) The time taken for the collision is 0.56 s. Calculate the average force on object A.

(Total for Question 1 = 8 marks)

2. (a) State the principle of conservation of momentum. (1)

(b) The diagram shows object A and object B moving in opposite

directions. The arrows show the direction of the velocities of the two
objects.

Object A Object B

Before the collision object A has a momentum of 39 kg m/s.

After the collision object A and object B stick together and stop moving.
(ii)State the magnitude of the momentum of object B before the collision.
(1)

momentum =...........................kg m/s

(iii)State the formula linking momentum, mass and velocity. (1)

(iv) The mass of object A is 8.1 kg.

Calculate the velocity of object A before the collision. (3)

velocity = ……………………………………….m/s
 (i) The time taken for the collision is 0.56 s. Calculate the average force on object A. (3)

force =……………………………………N

(ii) Give the direction and magnitude of the force on object B from object A. (2)

magnitude = ………………N

direction =.................................................

(Total for Question 2 = 11 marks)

3. The ball bearing is now dropped through air.

The initial velocity of the ball bearing is zero.
The acceleration of the ball bearing is 10 m/s2.
The ball bearing falls 1.5 m.
Calculate the velocity of the ball bearing when it has fallen 1.5 m.
Use the equation v2 – u2 = 2 ×a × s (3)

Velocity of ball bearing =...................................................... m/s

 (Total for Question 3 = 3 marks)

4. The diagram shows a domestic lighting circuit.

230 V
mains
voltage

lamp
22 mA 1 switch 1

lamp
43 mA 2 switch 2

17 mA switch 3
lamp
3

(a) Explain an advantage of using this circuit for domestic

lighting.
 (2)

(b) When switch 1 is closed, the current in lamp 1 is 22 mA.

(i) Give the name of the charged particle that moves in an electric current.
(1)
............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................
 (ii) Show that lamp 1 has a power of about 5 W. (3)

(iii) Calculate the energy transferred by lamp 1 when it is on for 30 seconds. (3)

energy transferred =………………………… J

(c) The circuit is connected to the mains supply. Mains voltage is 230 V.
(i) State what is meant by the term voltage. (1)

(ii) Switches 1 and 3 are closed, which turn on lamps 1 and 3.

Switch 2 is open.
Calculate the current in the mains supply. (2)

current = ……………mA
(Total for Question 4 = 12 marks)
 5. (a) The diagram shows some electrical circuit symbols.

A B

C D

(i) Which symbol represents a switch?

(1)
A
B
C
D
(ii) Which symbol represents a diode?
(1)
A
B
C
D
(b) A hairdryer connected to the mains supply takes a current of 5.5 A. Which of these fuses should be
used with the hairdryer? (1)
A 3A

B 5A

C 7A

D 13 A

(ii) Explain your answer. (1)

........................................................................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................

(iii) The hairdryer has a plastic case so there is no need for an earth wire connection in the plug.
Explain why the hairdryer is still safe to use.
(2)
 (Total for Question 5 = 6 marks)

6. The photograph shows an electric heater connected to the mains electricity supply.

The circuit the heater is connected to is fitted with a circuit breaker, which breaks the
circuit if the current gets too high.
(a) Give an advantage of using a circuit breaker instead of using a fuse.
(1)
............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(b) The voltage of the mains electricity supply is 230 V.

(i) State the formula linking power, current and voltage. (1)

(ii)The normal operating current of the heater is 11 A. Calculate the input power to the heater for this
current. Give your answer in kW. (3)

power =.....kW

(c) The circuit breaker has a rating of 16 A.

Suggest a reason why the heater may switch off before it reaches its normal operating current. (1)

(Total for Question 6 = 6 marks)

7. A wrench is used to turn a nut.

Nut 28 N

wrench

1
5

15cm c
m

(a) The force applied to the wrench is 28 N.

Calculate the moment applied by the wrench on the nut.
Give a suitable unit.(3)

moment = .............................................................. unit = ..............................................................

(b) State two changes that could be made to increase the size of the moment applied to the nut. (2)

1 ...............................................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................................................

(Total for Question 7 = 5 marks)

 8. (a) State the similarity and the difference between scalars and vectors. (2)
i. Similarity

ii. difference

(b) Complete the table by ticking () the correct boxes to show whether each
quantity is a scalar or a vector.
The first one has been done for you.
(5)
Quantity Scalar Vector

density 

energy

force

momentum

speed

velocity

(Total for Question 8 = 7 marks)

9. A bus travels along a straight road. The graph shows how the velocity of the bus changes during
a short journey.
 i. State the velocity of the bus after 25 s. (1)

Velocity = ……………………………………….. m/s

ii. How long is the bus stationary during its journey? (1)

Time =………………………………… s

iii. State the equation linking acceleration, change in velocity and time taken (1)

iv. Calculate the acceleration of the bus during the first 10 seconds. Give the unit. (2)

Acceleration =………………………………… unit ……………….

v. State the equation linking average speed, distance moved and time taken. (1)
 vi. The bus moves a total distance of 390 m during the journey. Calculate the average speed of the
bus. (3)

Average speed = ……………………………………m/s

(Total for Question 9 = 9 marks)

10. The weight of the student is 520 N.

(i) State the formula linking weight, mass and gravitational field
strength (g).
(1)

(ii) Calculate the mass of the student. (2)

(Total for Question 10 = 3 marks)