Annotations (1st Draft) - Dec.
15th
Research
Summary: 100-125 words Evidence: bulleted list Evaluation: 75-100 words
Number One
Author and Title: Münir Sahi, Social Media in the Eye of Parents
APA Citations:
Sahin, M. (2021). Social Media in the Eye of Parents. Education Quarterly Reviews, 4(3),
169–183. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1319335
Summary:
This article goes over many conclusive researches and data with parents and their view on
social media and how it affects their children. They were asked about different behaviors they
experience, academic success, how it supports education, aspects that hinder education, and
what they think can be done. The many tests and research expresses both the positive and
negative perspective of social media as well as covering and all concerns about any aspect of
it. Overall, the conclusion is that social media can have a positive effect with adolescents but it
can also have very negative effects so monitoring is very key to make sure the two stay
separate and hopefully have more positive effects.
Evidence:
● Introduction that explains the social media impact and us - pg. 169
● Results of the study on how parents view the effects of social media on their behavior -
pg. 173
● Data table on how social media affects academic achievement - pg. 175
● Table on how social media supports education - pg. 177
● Ways social media hinders adolescents education - pg. 177
● Parents suggestions on regarding the educational use of social media - pg. 179
● The conclusions of all of the data and even more statistics to tie in with everything else
- pg. 81
Evaluation:
I will use this article's statistics to accentuate the different points and perspectives of parents.
Not only is there verbal evidence, but there are a ton of numbers that I can use to compare and
contrast the views within the parents perspective and the different ideas and effects of social
media on adolescents. The other articles don’t have as many statistics, they have more direct
quotes or ideas of the parents where this is a really strong document that was put together by
professionals and the data and research was done thoroughly producing good and supporting
statistics that will showcase the parents perspective.
Number Two
Author and Title: Gwenn Schurgin O’Keeffe & Kathleen Clarke-Pearson, The Impact of
Social Media on Children, Adolescents, and Families
APA Citations:
O’Keeffe, G. S., & Clarke-Pearson, K. (2011). The Impact of Social Media on Children,
Adolescents, and Families. Pediatrics, 127(4), 800–804. American Academy of
Pediatrics. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-0054
Summary:
This talks about the benefits and all sides and effects of social media. Social media helps
adolescents enhance their communication and socialization skills because they can add their
friends or chat with others from different areas of the world. Social media also allows
adolescents more learning opportunities because having the internet at your hands can be
helpful, but social media can normally have the same information and sometimes even has the
better answer. Then it takes the negative side and how it affects adolescents because social
media lets cyberbullying, sexting, depression, and many other things happen because they
can’t stop it.
Evidence:
● Socialization and communication
● List of different ways of socialization and how it benefits
● Being able to access most information
● Facebook depression
● Sexting
● Online harassment and cyberbullying
Evaluation:
Use the ways social media affects adolescents to portray how that then in return affects their
mental health. There are specific ways social media is harming and helping adolescents which
will be helpful to use as evidence for my paper. It can showcase exactly how and not just
vague ways it can affect them. It shows very particular aspects of it which can help me
strengthen my paper and perspective rather than being general.
Number three
Author and Title: Jonathan Rothwell, Parenting Mitigates Social Media-Linked Mental Health
Issues
APA Citations:
Inc, G. (2023, October 27). Parenting Mitigates Social Media-Linked Mental Health Issues.
Gallup.com.
https://news.gallup.com/poll/513248/parenting-mitigates-social-media-linked-mental-h
ealth-issues.aspx#:~:text=Among%20teens%20who%20spend%20at
Summary:
Most of the parents investigated and interviewed say that the more time their children spend on
social media, the more they tend to not be themselves. They see their children change and start
to become depressed or their anxiety sparks up a lot. Some also said that they saw their
adolescents start to struggle so much to the point of self-harming, suicidal thoughts, or even
suicide. Additionally, some said that they didn’t see these traits and issues in their child’s
mental health until they were put on the five main social media apps; TikTok, Instagram,
Twitter, Snapchat, and FaceBook.
Evidence:
● The chart
● “Parents of heavy users of social media are also more likely to report frequent
symptoms of depression and anxiety among their teenage children.
● Paragraph after chart
Evaluation:
This will help me hound down the parents perspective a bit more because there is a poll. This
article polled parents about their children’s social media use and how they see it affecting their
kids mental health. It will especially help me report about how parents notice social media is
changing these adolescents and it is becoming more visible if they experienced a lot of
depression or anxiety recently. It also brings up the parents concerns about their children
self-harming or suicide now and/or in the future.
Number Four
Author and Title: Mick Garry, Kids on social media must mind their mental health
APA Citations:
Garry, M. (2023, October 27). Kids on social media must mind their mental health. Sanford
Health News.
https://news.sanfordhealth.org/behavioral-health/kids-on-social-media-must-mind-their
-mental-health/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThe%20most%20common%20question%20pare
nts
Summary:
This article goes into how sometimes parents aren’t helping. It has a doctor talking about how
parents are always asking doctors and professionals if social media is safe for their kids. These
are the same parents that are strict about being home for dinner but not putting restrictions on
their social media time which can help with that question they always have. Parents may be
concerned about how social media is affecting their children’s mental health and livelihoods,
but what they don’t realize but them saying “not now” or “no” to going to the park, outside, or
to hang out with friends because the parents are lazy or too tired to actually do one of them.
Them being lazy is forcing their kids to have to use social media and online to entertain
themselves because they wouldn’t.
Evidence:
● “The most common question parents ask me is: Is social media safe for my kids?...”
● “Social media use may lead to body dissatisfaction, disordered eating behaviors, social
comparison, and low self-esteem, especially among adolescent girls.”
● “The same parent who wants their child home for dinner on time might be more
hesitant to place restrictions on social media use.”
Evaluation:
This article not only talks about the effects of social media that the parents and doctors see, but
also goes into depth how parents have their concerns, questions, and how they are part of the
problem. I will bring this in to talk about how they are strict about some things but others like
social media they don’t put as many restrictions on, when they should be. Additionally, they
sometimes force their kids to use social media without realizing it. The whole idea of parents
being so concerned yet not doing anything will help tie in another perspective and idea that can
help strengthen the overall team idea because it is a doctor analyzing how the parents act and
view this subject.
Number Five
Author and Title: Megan Moreno & Jenny Radesky, Social Media & Your Child’s Mental
Health: What the Research Says
APA Citations:
Moreno, M. (2023, May 23). Social Media & Your Child’s Mental Health: What the Research
Says. HealthyChildren.org.
https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/Media/Pages/social-media-and-yo
ur-childs-mental-health-what-research-says.aspx
Summary:
Parents reported that not only is it what type of social media your child uses, but it is how.
That’s what it all boils down to in the end. Some actually see benefits from social media and
don’t see that much effect on adolescents because they use it as a learning opportunity or a
communication site where others use it too much which can cause a social media overload or
they are seeing a lot of unhealthy content. They also talked about how the difference between
passive and active users have a relationship with social media. The way parents are engaged in
their adolescents' social media use can also affect their relationship with social media because
the more involved, the more they can filter and stop things before it gets too far.
Evidence:
● “This group was called "Family-Engaged Teens," since they reported good
communication with their parents about technology use.”
● “The cause-and-effect relationship for social media and depression remains unclear.”
● “Some studies show that teens who use social media in a passive way, such as by
scrolling and looking at content as it goes by on the screen, have a higher likelihood of
feeling depression symptoms.”
● “These studies also found that adolescents who used social media in a more active way,
such as by liking or commenting on people's posts, or making their own posts and
sharing them, did not have a negative impact on mental health.”
Evaluation:
I will use this article to bring in the bigger theme of some actual causes and effects of
adolescents relationships with social media. In the end, the issues with adolescents' mental
health based on social media dwindles down to their relationship with it. Most issues are
caused by relationships and whether it is negative or positive. These parents are seeing the
different ways that their children use social media and depending on it, really affects how they
act, behave, and a bit of who they are.
Number Six
Author and Title: Amy Joyce, New Research: Teachers Deeply Concerned About Digital
Devices, but Parents Take Rosier View
APA Citations:
Joyce, A. (2023). New Research: Teachers Deeply Concerned About Digital Devices, but
Parents Take Rosier View. Proquest.com.
https://explore.proquest.com/sirsissuesresearcher/document/2265915538?searchid=170
2039958&accountid=5648
Summary:
In this article it shows that parents are part of the issue too. They wonder why their children
are underperforming or behaving differently yet don’t realize that they have not rules or
restrictions on social media or even on their phones which is why they are acting differently
and causing their parents to worry. This is another perspective within the parents lens that
shows the oblivious side. Parents ask all of these questions and wonder why their children
behave this way but don’t set any boundaries regarding one of the biggest issues adolescents
face nowadays.
Evidence:
● “Some say they can't do it or don't know how.”
● "All teachers I talk to wish parents would do more to monitor their kids on
technology…”
● “For one thing, remember you are the parent.”
Evaluation:
This article will help me bring in another perspective from the parents and how this article
concerns the oblivious parent. It’s the parent that has concerns and questions yet is so blind
that they don't realize what is happening right in front of them to their children. They see the
effects and different mental health struggles adolescents these days go through yet are so
ignorant to one of the main causes of it, social media. Them being unaware of this is truly what
leads them to being an issue too. These are also the parents that have to remember that they are
the parent and CAN tell their children what to do and not to do as well as guide them and
monitor what they do.
Number Seven
Author and Title: Natasha O’Neill, When a Teen Boy Developed an Eating Disorder, His
Family Felt They'd 'Lost Him.' Now, He's Sharing His Story
APA Citations:
O’Neill, N. (2023). When a Teen Boy Developed an Eating Disorder, His Family Felt They’d
“Lost Him.” Now, He’s Sharing His Story. Proquest.com.
https://explore.proquest.com/sirsissuesresearcher/document/2810996399?searchid=170
2040221&accountid=5648
Summary:
One of the many ways that social media affects adolescents' mental health is how they view
themselves. This is shown in this article with how this boy, Emil, developed an eating disorder
in 6th grade. Once starting to join various social medias, he started to change his opinion on
himself and how he viewed himself physically. Eventually that led to having anorexia which
urged him to workout many times a day and run at least once a day. And guess what? It all
stemmed from social media. He was seeing all of these actors and famous men post on
different social medias and Emil started comparing himself to them. Not looking like them and
feeling overwhelmed by this fact lead to his mental health deteriorating.
Evidence:
● “increased concerns about one's body can come from comments through
family, social media and the fitness industry.”
● "People who clinically meet criteria for anorexia will largely be viewed in
Western society as slender in a positive way,”
● “Emil's journey made Jonathan more aware of the societal pressures at play,
including those stemming from pop culture.”
● “Many are aware of the impact celebrity culture can have on the self-esteem
of women and girls, but Jonathan began to notice how males are portrayed
as well.”
● “He pointed to Marvel movies as one example, showcasing unrealistic male
body types and portraying what's seen in films as the ideal.”
Evaluation:
This shows one of the major mental health side effects that social media displays on many
people around the world today. Seeing all of these famous men and women that look thin or
built and it’s up to society's norms which then leads these people to want to be like them. I will
use this to explain how adolescents develop eating disorders just based on pictures, they lose
themselves during it, and their parents notice these changes. The drop in their mental health
was affected by just a couple silly “harmless” social media pictures.
Number Eight
Author and Title: Rebecca Whitfield-Baker, TikTok Flex a Threat to Boys
APA Citations:
Whitfield-Baker, R. (2023). TikTok Flex a Threat to Boys. Proquest.com.
https://explore.proquest.com/sirsissuesresearcher/document/2856577659?searchid=170
2040273&accountid=5648
Summary:
This article demonstrates another side of the adolescents' views. Boys are seeing these jacked
up men on social media and envy them and want to look like them. These men are posting on
TikTok their workout routines, supplements, diets, and even more video topics that adolescents
are seeing that are not healthy for them. Seeing these images and videos on social media is
causing an increase in adolescents starting different diets, takings some supplements that
actually aren’t good for them, and even start doing workouts that are not beneficial for
someone their age because most of the time they overtrain to make them look just like the
people they are viewing on social media which is further screwing with their mental health.
Evidence:
● ““Bulked-up influencers and “jacked” TikTok stars who promote extreme
exercise regimes and diets are fuelling a worrying increase in the number of
boys and young men with body-image issues and disordered eating, experts
warn.”
● ““younger and younger” boys are trying potentially dangerous “challenges” in
a bid to look like those on their screens.”
● “With about one in five boys now experiencing disordered eating globally”
● “people become fixated with building muscle”
● “Unfortunately, you’re getting advice from TikTokers or creators who really
don’t have any idea about diet, about physiology, about adolescents’
development and that is where a lot of the problems lie”
Evaluation:
I will use this to continue to illustrate the perspective of how social media creates these habits.
Adolescents see these images and videos online and want to be like them. From developing
eating disorders to copying others routines that can be unhealthy and not beneficial towards
adolescents today all start from the mind. They think these things after seeing them and it’s all
because of social media.
Number Nine
Author and Title: Isabella Cueto and Theresa Gaffney, Social Media Is Part of a
'Self-Perpetuating Cycle of Risk' for Eating Disorders and Negative Body Image, Per Study
APA Citations:
Gaffney, T., & Cueto, I. (2023). Social Media Is Part of a “Self-Perpetuating Cycle of Risk”
for Eating Disorders and Negative Body Image, Per Study. Proquest.com.
https://explore.proquest.com/sirsissuesresearcher/document/2803044774?searchid=170
2040326&accountid=5648
Summary:
This article discusses the effects of social media and on how it can cause eating disorders for
many of them. Teens and adolescents these days are seeing all of these different people online
and see how skinny or fit or pretty some of them are which is then leading to this
overwhelming pressure for them to look the same which can have some big negative effects on
these children. It also brings up the point that there are trends that go around that are almost
pro-eating disorders and encourages adolescents to start doing it and them all being on social
media forces them to start from a young age. Finally, they talk about how adults are pinning
some of the blame on the internet and social media.
Evidence:
● “Social Media Is Part of a 'Self-Perpetuating Cycle of Risk' for Eating Disorders and
Negative Body Image, Per Study”
● “more vulnerable teens and young adults succumbing to online pressures”
● “Women, people with higher body weights, and those with preexisting body
image concerns were more at risk for the potential harms of social media
use, according to the review.”
● “specific online experiences — certain social media trends, pro-eating
disorder content, and a focus on appearance and photo platforms — had a
stronger relationship to negative outcomes.”
● “In a growing youth mental health crisis, adults have pinned some of the
blame on the internet and social media.”
Evaluation:
I will use this with the other two sources above to build a really strong lens within this
perspective. It will show how social media can lead to eating disorders which all stem from
your mental health. It brings in the parents perspective and how they are seeing it first hand
and tend to blame social media a bit. This is from the perspective of an observant and an
involved parent compared to the other perspectives of the oblivious parent and the pro social
media parent. Overall, this is also a good source found on ProQuest and it is credited and
backed up by institutions.
Number Ten
Author and Title: CBS Miami Team, 89% of parents support laws restricting kids from social
media, survey found
APA Citations:
89% of parents support laws restricting kids from social media, survey found - CBS Miami.
(2023, June 27). Www.cbsnews.com.
https://www.cbsnews.com/miami/news/89-of-parents-support-laws-restricting-kids-fro
m-social-media-survey-found/
Summary:
This article brings up the parents perspective on social media. It doesn’t go in depth about hoe
they view its effects on adolescents mental health but it does show the overall view of social
media. It also brings in some data points and statistics that showcase and back up the point that
parents really don’t like their kids having social media. It is also discussed from the view of
the involved parent that is on top of things and wants to be able to log into their kids social
media and just monitor it to make sure everything is okay at all times.
Evidence:
● “Social media and teens seem to go together like peanut butter and jelly. And that's not
a good thing according to their parents.”
● “89 percent of parents support laws requiring children under 18 to obtain parental
permission before creating an account.”
● “(98 percent) believes social media platforms are dangerous to users under 18; citing
TikTok and Snapchat as the most dangerous”
Evaluation:
I can use this as a broad source and to introduce the topic and views. It brings in the view of
the concerned and involved parent which helps discuss one of the lenses I plan on bringing
into the parent perspective. This is also a credible source because it is from CBS News and
they are based on facts most of the time. It also names drops a Surgeon General at the end to
tie in their opinion and to quickly note that social media is becoming more clear to affect
adolescents mental health.
Author and Title: HealthDay, In Survey, Half of U.S. Parents Believe Social Media Is Harming
Their Kids
APA Citations:
Woolford, S. (2023, September 21). Overuse of social media and devices top parent concerns
as kids head back to school. Ihpi.umich.edu.
https://ihpi.umich.edu/news/overuse-social-media-and-devices-top-parent-concerns-kid
s-head-back-school
Summary:
Evidence:
● “Over half of parents worried about mental health issues”
● “As children head back to school, two issues have climbed higher on their
parents’ list of concerns: the role of social media and the internet in kids’ lives.”
●
Evaluation:
Author and Title: In Survey, Half of U.S. Parents Believe Social Media Is Harming Their Kids
h,APA Citations:
Murez, C. (2023, May 3). In Survey, Half of U.S. Parents Believe Social Media Is Harming
Their Kids. U.S.News; HealthDay.
https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2023-05-03/in-survey-half-of-u-s-p
arents-believe-social-media-is-harming-their-kids
Summary:
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