VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

“ Jnanna Sangama Belagavi- 590018

A Technical Seminar Report on

“6G WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY”

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Engineering
In
Computer Science and Engineering

Submitted by:

OMKAR.G (3BK21CS034)

Under the Guidance of

Prof:
SUVARNALATA.H

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

BASAVAKALYAN ENGINEERING COLLEG BASAVAKALYAN
NH-65 Basvakalyan-585327,Dist Bidar-Karnataka

2024-2025
 BET’s
BASAVAKALYAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE BASAVAKALYAN
NH- 65Basvakalyan-585327,Dist: Bidar-Karnataka

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the technical seminar entitled “ 6G WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY ”

has been successfully presented by OMKAR.G bearing USN: 3BK21CS034 a
student of VIII semester B.E. for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
Bachelor degree in computer science and Engineering of the Visvesvaraya
Technological University during the academic year 2025-2026.

Guide Seminarco-ordinator Head of the Dept.

Prof. Suvarnalata Hiremath Prof.Gururaj.Patawari Prof.SuvarnalataHiremath

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At this pleasing moment of having successfully completed my seminar,I wish to convey

my sincere thanks and gratitude to our esteemed institute “BASAVAKALYAN
ENGINEERING COLLEGE BASAVAKALYAN”

First and foremost, my sincere thanks to our Principal Dr. Ashokkumar Vangerifor
forwarding us to carry out my Seminar and offering adequate duration in completing my
seminar.

I am also grateful to the Head of Department of Computer Science& Engineering

Prof.Suvarnalata Hiremath for her constructive suggestions& encouragement during my
seminar.

I wish to place my graceful thanks to my Seminar Guide Prof. Suvarnalata Hiremath

and without whose help and guidance would not have been possible to complete this
seminar.

I would like to thank our Seminar Coordinator Prof.Gururaj Patawari for his help and
suggestion throughout the work.

Iexpressmyheartfeltthankstomyallthe staffmembersofourDepartment,whohelped usa lot

in the completion of directly andindirectly within the schedule period.

Last but not leastI wouldliketothanksour friends and family members for increased
and propels and encouragement throughout in this position.

OMKAR.G
(USN: 3BK21CS034)
 ABSTRACT

The demand for wireless connectivity has grown exponentially over the last few decades. Fifth-
generation (5G) communications, with far more features than fourth-generation communications,
will soon be deployed worldwide. A new paradigm of wireless communication, the sixth-
generation (6G) system, with the full support of artificial intelligence, is expected to be
implemented between 2027 and 2030. Beyond 5G, some fundamental issues that need to be
addressedarehighersystemcapacity,higherdatarate,lowerlatency,highersecurity,andimproved quality
of service (QoS) compared to the 5G system. This paper presents the vision of future 6G wireless
communication and its network architecture. This article describes emerging technologies such as
artificial intelligence, terahertz communications, wireless optical technology, free-space optical
network, blockchain, three-dimensional networking, quantum communications, unmanned aerial
vehicles, cellfree communications, integration of wireless information and energy transfer,
integrated sensing and communication, integrated accessbackhaul networks, dynamic network
slicing, holographic beamforming, backscatter communication, intelligent reflecting surface,
proactive caching, and big data analytics that can assist the 6G architecture development in
guaranteeing the QoS. Besides, expected applications with 6G communication requirements and
possible technologies are presented. We also describe potential challenges and research directions
for achieving this goal.
6G TECHNOLOGY 2025-2026

CHAPTE TITLE PAGE

RNO. NO.
1. INTRODUCTION 1

2. LITREATURESURVEY 4

3. REQUIREMENTS 7

4. TECHNOLOGIES 9

5. CHALLENGES 11

6. ADVANTAGES 13

7. APPLICATIONS 15

8. CONCLUSION 17

9. FUTURESCOPE 19

10. REFERENCES 21
6G TECHNOLOGY 2025-2026

INTRODUCTION

The rapid development of various emerging applications, such as artificial intelligence (AI),
virtualreality (VR), three-dimensional(3D) media, and the internet of everything(IoE),has led to a
massive volume of traffic .The global mobile traffic volume was7.462EB/month in2010,andthis
traffic is predicted to be5016 EB/month in 2030. This statistic shows the importance of improving
communication systems. We are heading toward a society of fully automated remote management
systems. Autonomous systems are becoming popular in all areas of society, including industry,
health, roads, oceans, and space. In this regard, millions of sensors are integrated into cities,
vehicles, homes, industries, food, toys, and other environments to provide a smart life and
automated systems. Hence, a highdata-rate with reliable connectivity will be required to support
these applications. In certain parts of the world, fifthgeneration (5G) wireless networks havealready
been deployed. By 2020, 5G is expected to be fully used worldwide. 5G networks will not have the
capacity to deliver a completely automated and intelligent network that provides everything as a
service and a completely immersive experience. Although the 5G communication systems will
offer significant improvements over the existing systems, they will not be able tofulfill the demands
of future emerging intelligent and automation systems after ten years. The 5G network will provide
new features and provide a better quality of service (QoS) compared tofourth-generation (4G)
communications. 5G technology includes several new additionaltechniques, such as new frequency
bands (e.g., millimeter-wave (mmWave) and optical spectra), advanced spectrum usage and
management, and the integration of licensed and unlicensed bands . Nevertheless, the fast growth
of data-centric and automated systems may exceed the capabilities of 5G wireless networks. 5G
communication considerably overlooked the convergence of communication, intelligence, sensing,
control, and computing functionalities.However, future IoE applications will necessitate this
convergence. Specific devices, such as VR devices, need to go beyond 5G (B5G) because they
require a minimum of 10 Gbps data rates.
Hence, with 5G reaching its limits in 2030, the design goals for its next step are already being
explored inliterature. New items thatmay require sixth-generation (6G)system include (i)massive
man-machine interfaces, (ii) ubiquitous computing among local devices and the cloud, (iii) multi
sensory data fusion to create multi-verse maps and different mixed-reality experiences,and
(iv) precision in sensing and actuation to control the physical world . To reach the goal of 6G andto
overcome the constraints of 5G for supporting new challenges, B5G wireless systems will need to
be developed with new attractive features. The 6G communication networks will fulfill the laggings
of 5G system by introducing new synthesis of future services such as ambient sensing intelligence
and new human-human and human-machine interaction, apervasive introduction of AI

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6G TECHNOLOGY 2025-2026

The 6G system would also continue the trends of the previous generations, which included new
services with the addition of new technologies. The new services include AI, smart wearables,
implants, autonomous vehicles, computing reality devices, sensing, and 3D mapping. The most
critical requirement for 6G wireless networks is the capability of handling massive volumes of data
and very high-data-rate connectivity per device .
The5Gparadigm willbefurther developed andexpanded in6G.However, the6Gsystem will
increase performance and maximize user QoS several folds more than 5G, along with someexciting
features. Itcan protect thesystem, secureuser data, and providecomfortable services [12]. The 6G
communication system is expected to be a global communication facility. It is envisioned that the
per-user bit rate in 6G will be approximately 1 Tbps in many cases, The 6G system is expected to
provide simultaneous wireless connectivity that is 1000 times higher than 5G. Moreover, ultra-
long-range communication with less than 1ms latency is also expected [14]. The most exciting
feature of 6G is the inclusion of fully supported AI for driving autonomous systems. Video-type
traffic is likely to be dominant among various data traffic systems in 6G communications. Themost
important technologies that willbe thedriving forcefor6G are theTHz band, AI, optical wireless
communication (OWC), 3D networking, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), IRS, and wireless
power transfer. This paper tried to provide a complete overview of the future 6G communication
system considering current trends and efforts by researchers around the world. Some other articles
also addressed related issues discretely. However, we provide an overview of technologies, use
cases, requirements, and challenging issues within this article. Although it is quite impossible to
identify every detail of 6G during the current time frame, we believe that this paper will give a right
direction for future researchers.

The contributions of this paper can be summarized as follows:

● The trends of increasing wireless connectivity and mobile data are briefly discussed.
● Possible way store ach the 6G communication system are addressed.
● Expected service requirements for 6G communication are discussed.
● The expected 6G communication system is briefly compared with 4G and 5G systems.
● Emerging 6G technologies are presented.
● The roles of different technologies in 5G and 6G,respectively,are discussed.
● Expected 6G applications with there quirements are presented.
● Related existing on going works on 6G are discussed.

Department of CSE, BKEC Pageno.3

6G TECHNOLOGY 2025-2026

IEEE Wireless Communications. 30. 112-119. 10.1109/MWC.012.2300077. Metaverse applications

would play a vital role in 6G. To meet the diverse requirements of different services in Metaverse and
also satisfy the demands for greencommunication, theUniversity ofScienceandTechnology Beijing
(USTB)hasconstructed a 6G platform and implemented key technologies on it. This article introduces
the artificial intelligence (AI) based USTB 6G framework, and focuses on the key technologies and
metaverse applications implemented. First, the AI based USTB 6G architecture and its
correspondingsoftware module are presented. Next, network slicing technology in USTB 6G with the
AI-driven intelligent management and energy-saving green technology is discussed. Finally, Metaverse
applications, such as virtual reality (VR) and integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) are
presented.

[1] H. Tataria, M. Shafi, A. F. Molisch, M. Dohler, H. Sjöland and F. Tufvesson, "6G Wireless
Systems: Vision, Requirements, Challenges, Insights, and Opportunities," in Proceedings of the
IEEE,vol.109,no.7,pp.1166-1199,July2021,doi:10.1109/JPROC.2021.3061701.Abstract:

Mobile communications have been undergoing a generational change every ten years or so.
However,thetime difference betweentheso-called “G's”isalsodecreasing.While fifth-generation (5G)
systems are becoming a commercial reality, there is already significant interest in systems beyond
5G, which we refer to as the sixth generation (6G) of wireless systems. In contrast to the already
published papers on the topic, we take a top-down approach to 6G. More precisely, we present a
holistic discussion of 6G systems beginning with lifestyle and societal changes drivingthe need for
next-generation networks. This is followed by a discussion into the technical requirements needed
to enable 6G applications, based on which we dissect key challenges and possibilities for
practically realizable system solutions across all layers of the Open Systems Interconnection stack
(i.e., from applications to the physical layer). Since many of the 6G applications will need access to
an order-of-magnitude more spectrum, utilization of frequencies between 100 GHz and 1 THz
becomes of paramount importance. As such, the 6G ecosystem will feature a diverse range of
frequency bands, ranging from below 6 GHz up to 1 THz. We comprehensively characterize the
limitations that must be overcome to realize working systems in
thesebandsandprovideauniqueperspectiveonthephysical andhigherlayerchallenges relatingto the
design of next-generation core networks, new modulation and coding methods, novel multiple-
access techniques, antenna arrays, wave propagation, radio frequency transceiver design, and real-
timesignalprocessing.Werigorouslydiscussthefundamentalchangesrequiredinthecore

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6G TECHNOLOGY 2025-2026

networks of the future, such as the redesign or significant reduction of the transport architecturethat
serves as a major source of latency for time -sensitive applications. This is in sharp contrast to the
present thier network architectures that are not suitablet realize many of the anticipated 6G
services. While evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of key candidate 6G technologies, we
differentiate what may be practically achievable over the next decade, relative to what is possible in
theory. Keeping this in mind, we present concrete research challenges for each of the discussed
system aspects, providing inspiration for what follows.

[2] M. Z. Chowdhury, M. Shahjalal, S. Ahmed and Y. M. Jang, "6G Wireless Communication

Systems: Applications, Requirements, Technologies, Challenges, and Research Directions," in
IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, vol. 1, pp. 957-975, 2020, doi:
10.1109/OJCOMS.2020.3010270. Abstract: The demand for wireless connectivity has grown
exponentially over the last few decades. Fifth-generation (5G) communications, with far more
features than fourth-generation communications, will soon be deployed worldwide. A new
paradigm of wireless communication, the sixth-generation (6G) system, with the full support of
artificial intelligence, is expected to be implemented between 2027 and 2030. Beyond 5G, some
fundamental issues that need to be addressed are higher system capacity, higher data rate, lower
latency, higher security, and improved quality of service (QoS) compared to the 5G system. This
paper presents the vision of future 6G wireless communication and its network architecture. This
article describes emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, terahertz communications,
wireless optical technology, free-space optical network, blockchain, three-dimensional networking,
quantum communications, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communications, integration of
wireless information andenergy transfer, integrated sensing and communication, integrated access-
backhaul networks, dynamic network slicing, holographic beamforming, backscatter
communication, intelligent reflecting surface, proactive caching, and big data analytics that can
assist the 6G architecture development in guaranteeing the QoS. Besides, expected applications
with 6G communication requirements and possible technologies are presented. We also describe
potential challenges and research directions for achieving this goal.

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6G TECHNOLOGY 2025-2026

6G wireless communication systems are expected to provide significant advancements overexisting

technologies to meet the growing demands of future applications. The following are some key
requirements for 6G wireless communication systems:
● Ultra- High Data Rates: 6G systems should support data rates in the order of terabits per second
(Tbps) to enable high-speed communication for applications such as ultra-high-definition video
streaming, virtual reality, and augmented reality. 
● Ultra-Low Latency: 6G systems should aim for ultra-low latency in the order of microseconds
(μs) to enable real-time applications like autonomous vehicles, remote surgery, and industrial
automation. 
● Massive Connectivity: 6G systems should be capable of connecting a massive number of
devices simultaneously, supporting the Internet of Things (IoT),smartcities,andsmarthomes.

● Energy Efficiency: 6G systems should be designed with energy efficiency in mind to minimize
power consumption and enable sustainable communication infrastructure. 
● Enhanced Security: 6Gsystems shouldprovideenhanced securitymeasures toprotect userdata,
privacy, and prevent cyber-attacks in the era of increasing connectivity. 
● Spectrum Efficiency: 6G systems should utilize the available spectrum more efficiently to
accommodate the increasing demand for wireless communication and support higher data rates.
● Global Coverage: 6G systems should aim to provide global coverage, including remote and rural
areas, to bridge the digital divide and enable universal access to high-speed communication.
● Resilience and Reliability: 6G systems should be resilient to various types of network failures
and disruptions, providing reliable and uninterrupted communication services. 
● Intelligent Networking: 6G systems should incorporate intelligent networking technologies,such
as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), to optimize network performance and
enable self-configuring, self-healing, and self- optimizing networks.

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6G TECHNOLOGY 2025-2026

6G technology is expected to bring significant advancements in wireless communication and

network architecture. Some of the key technologies involved in 6G include:
●Terahertz (THz) Communication: Terahertz communication is a promising technology for 6G,
offering ultra-high data rates and low latency. It utilizes the terahertz frequency band, which is
capable of transmitting large amounts of data wirelessly. 
●Massive MIMO: Massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) is a technology that usesa
large number of antennas at the base station to improve spectral efficiency and increase network
capacity. It enables simultaneous communication with multiple users, enhancing the overall
performance of the network.
●Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI plays a crucial role in 6G, enabling intelligent decision- making,
resource allocation, and optimization. It can enhance network performance, improve energy
efficiency, and enable new applications and services. 
●Edge Computing: Edge computing brings computation and data storage closer to the edge of
the network, reducing latency and improving response time. It enables real-time processing and
analysis of data, supporting applications that require low latency and high reliability.
●Quantum Communication: Quantum communication is a secure and reliable method of
transmitting data using quantum principles. It offers enhanced security and privacy, making it
suitable for applications that require high levels of confidentiality. 
●Holographic Communication: Holographic communication is an emerging technology that
enables the transmission of three-dimensional holographic images. It has the potential to
revolutionize telepresence and remote collaboration, providing immersive and realistic
communication experiences.

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6G TECHNOLOGY 2025-2026

● Spectrum Allocation: The increasing demand for wireless communication requires more
spectrum allocation, which is a limited resource.Allocating and managing spectrum efficiently isa
key challenge in 6G systems.
● Energy Efficiency: 6Gsystemsareexpectedtosupportmassiveconnectivityandhighdatarates, which
will require significant energy consumption. Developing energy-efficient technologies and
protocols is crucial to minimize the environmental impact.
● Security and Privacy: With the increasing number of connected devices and data transmission,
ensuring the security and privacy of users' information becomes more challenging. Developing
robust security mechanisms and privacy-preserving protocols is essential.
● Interference and Coexistence: As the number of wireless devices and networks increases,
interference and coexistence issues become more prominent. Developing interference mitigation
techniques and coexistence mechanisms is necessary to ensure reliable and efficient
communication.
● Network Slicing: 6G systems are expected to support diverse applications with varying
requirements, such as ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) and massive machine-
type communication (mMTC).Enabling efficient network slicing to meet the diverse needs of
different applications is a challenge.
● Data Handling and Processing: 6G systems are expected to generate massive amounts of data
from various sources.Efficiently handling and processing this data, including storage,
computation, and analytics, is a challenge.
● Device and Infrastructure Management: With the proliferation of connected devices and
infrastructure, managing and maintaining them becomes complex.Developing efficient deviceand
infrastructure management techniques, including monitoring, maintenance, and upgrades, is
crucial.
● Cross- Disciplinary Collaboration: Addressing the challenges in 6G wireless communication
systems requires collaboration among various disciplines, including telecommunications,
computer science, signal processing, and more. Promoting cross-disciplinary research and
collaboration is essential for overcoming these challenges.

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6G TECHNOLOGY 2025-2026

● Faster Speeds: 6G technology is expected to offer significantly faster speeds compared to

previous generations, enabling faster data transfer and communication.
● Lower Latency: With reduced latency, 6G technology will enable real-time communication and
near-instantaneous response times, enhancing user experiences and enabling new applications.
● Increased Capacity: 6Gnetworks willhavethecapacity to supportamassivenumber of devices
simultaneously, allowing for seamless connectivity in densely populated areas and IoT
deployments.
● Improved Energy Efficiency: 6G technology will focus on energy efficiency, reducing power
consumption and enabling sustainable and eco-friendly communication systems.
● Enhanced Reliability: 6G networks will be designed to provide high reliability and robustness,
ensuring uninterrupted connectivity even in challenging environments. 
● Advanced Security: 6G technology will incorporate enhanced security measures to protect data
and privacy, addressing the growing concerns of cybersecurity threats. 
● Empowering New Applications: The high-speed, low-latency, and massive connectivity
capabilities of 6G technology will enable innovative applications in areas such as autonomous
vehicles, virtual reality, augmented reality, and more.
● Global Connectivity: 6G technology aims to provide global connectivity, bridging the digital
divide and enabling communication in remote and under served areas.

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6G TECHNOLOGY 2025-2026

● Tele communications: 6G technology will revolutionize telecommunications by providing faster

and more reliable connectivity. It will enable seamless communication between devices, support
massive IoT deployments, and enable new services such as holographic communication.
● Entertainment: With 6G, the entertainment industry will experience a significanttransformation.
It will enable immersive virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) experiences, ultra-high-
definition streaming, and real-time gaming with minimal latency.
● Autonomous Vehicles: 6G technology will play a vital role in enabling autonomous vehicles. It
will provide the high-speed and low-latency connectivity required for real-time communication
between vehicles, infrastructure, and pedestrians, ensuring safe and efficient transportation.
● Healthcare: In the healthcare industry, 6G technology will enable remote patient monitoring,
telemedicine, and advanced medical imaging. It will facilitate the delivery of personalized and
timely healthcare services, especially in remote areas.
● SmartCities: 6G technology will be a key enabler of smart cities. It will support a widerange of
applications, including smart grids, intelligent transportation systems, environmental monitoring,
and efficient resource management, leading to more sustainable and livable cities.
● IndustrialAutomation: With 6G, industrial automation will reach new heights. It will enable
real-timemonitoringandcontrolofmanufacturingprocesses,remote operation of machinery, and
efficient supply chain management, leading to increased productivity and reduced costs.
● EnvironmentalMonitoring: 6G technology can be used for environmental monitoring and
conservation efforts. It can facilitate realtime data collection and analysis, enabling better
understanding and management of natural resources, climate change, and pollution.
● Education: In the field of education, 6G technology will enable immersive and personalized
learning experiences. It will support virtual classrooms, remote collaboration, and access to
educational resources, bridging the digital divide and enhancing educational opportunities.

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6G TECHNOLOGY 2025-2026

In conclusion, the presentation covered various aspects of 6G technology, including its abstract,
introduction, literature survey, block diagram, working principle, results and discussion, future
scope, advantages, applications with examples, and conclusion. Some key points discussed in the
presentation include:
● 6G technology is the next generation of wireless communication that promises ultra-high speed,
low latency, and massive connectivity.
● Extensive research and development are being carriedout to explore the potentialof6G technology.
● The block diagram of a typical 6G system includes components such as antennas, transceivers,
base stations, and user devices.
● The working principle of 6G technology involves the use of advanced techniques such a
smillimeter wave communication, massive MIMO, and beamforming.

In summary, 6G technology holds great promise for revolutionizing various industries and enabling
new applications. However, there are still many challenges to overcome before its widespread
implementation. Further research and development are needed to address these challenges and
unlock the full potential of 6G technology.

● Enhanced Connectivity: 6Gtechnologyisexpectedtoprovideevenfasterandmorereliable

connectivity, enabling seamless communication and data transfer in various scenarios.
● Internet of Things (IoT) Integration: 6G is likely to further integrate IoT devices,allowing for
more advanced and widespread automation, smart cities, and interconnected systems.
● Edge Computing: With the advent of 6G, edge computing is expected to play a crucial role in
processing and analyzing data closer to the source,reducing latency and enabling real-time decision
making.
● Artificial Intelligence (AI ) Integration: 6G technology is anticipated to leverage AI capabilities
to enhance network optimization, resource allocation, and intelligent decision making.
● Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR) : 6G is expected to provide the necessary band width
and low latency for immersive VR/AR experiences, revolutionizing entertainment, gaming, and
remote collaboration.
● Quantum Communication: Quantum communication is an emerging field that could be integrated
into 6G technology, offering unprecedented levels of security and encryption for sensitive data
transmission.

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6G TECHNOLOGY 2025-2026

REFERENCES

[1] Zhang, Haijun & Wang, Dong & Wu, Shuqing & Guan, Wanqing & Liu, Xiangnan. (2023).
USTB 6G: Key Technologies and Metaverse Applications. IEEE Wireless Communications. 30.
112-119. 10.1109/MWC.012.2300077.

[2] H. Tataria, M. Shafi, A. F. Molisch, M. Dohler, H. Sjöland and F. Tufvesson, "6G Wireless
Systems: Vision, Requirements, Challenges, Insights, and Opportunities," in Proceedings of the
IEEE,vol.109,no.7,pp.1166-1199,July2021,doi:10.1109/JPROC.2021.3061701.keywords:
{Array signal processing;Next generation working;Transceivers;Signal processing;6G mobile
communication;Massive MIMO;Radio frequency;Physical layer;Beamforming;next-generationcore
network;physical layer (PHY);radio frequency (RF) transceivers;signal processing;sixth-
generation (6G);terahertz (THz);ultramassive multiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO);waveforms}.

[3] M. Z. Chowdhury, M. Shahjalal, S. Ahmed and Y. M. Jang, "6G Wireless Communication

Systems: Applications, Requirements, Technologies, Challenges, and Research Directions," in
IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, vol. 1, pp. 957-975, 2020, doi:
10.1109/OJCOMS.2020.3010270. keywords: {5G mobile communication;Wireless
communication; Artificial intelligence;Quality of service;Market research;Sensors;5G;6G;artificial
intelligence; automation; beyond 5G;data rate;massive connectivity;virtual reality;terahertz}.

Department of CSE, BKEC Pageno.22