2 1 This question is about characteristics between individuals. {a) Complete the sentence. The differences in characteristics between individuals of the same species is called iu) {b) DNA in genes determines characteristics in humans. Write down three characteristics determined only by genes. [3] 2 The crust of the Earth is made of large tectonic plates. Explain how the fossil record and the alignment of magnetic materials in the crust are evidence for tectonic plates. fossil record alignment of magnetic materials 13 3 Look at the diagram of part of the Periodic Table of the elements. He Li | Be B]C|N]|O] FI|Ne Na | Mg al} si] P| S| cr] Ar K | Ca | transition elements {a) (i) The electronic structure of lithium is 2.1. Write down the electronic structure of aluminium. (ii) How many protons are there in one atom of sodium? (b) Look at the diagram of the structure of magnesium oxide. Key O oxide ion, O° @ magnesium ion, Mg” ‘Write down the type of bonding in magnesium oxide [2] eUcLes 2024 osss/o2i0mi24 [Turn over4° Ahmed makes this electrical circuit. oo ©—® (a) Write down the name of these components. oo 1) (b) Ahmed investigates the effect of adding more lamps to his circuit. Ahmed measures the current in the circuit when there: is one lamp are two lamps in series are three lamps in series are four lamps in series. ‘Suggest @ hypothesis that Ahmed makes about the currentin the circuits in his investigation.5 (c) Identify one safety hazard in this investigation safety hazard Describe how this safety hazard is reduced. reduced by , 4 5 Look at the map showing the position of the tectonic plates. (a) Which location, A, B, C or D, is most likely to have the largest number of volcanoes? a) (b) Write down the name of the process that causes the tectonic plates to move. 76 The drawing shows a black rhino. The graph shows the world population of black rhinos. 100 000 80000 population La of black thinos 40000 20000: 9: 1980 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 year Write down two reasons for the trend in the world population of black rhinos. ©UCLES 2024 ossaieziane47 Magnesium reacts with zinc sulfate solution, A displacement reaction happens. (a) (b) Complete the word equation for the reaction. magnesium + zinc sulfale ——> (1) Copper is added to zinc sulfate solution Explain why there is no reaction. Tick (Y) the correct answer. Copper sulfate is more reactive than zinc sulfate. Zinc sulfate is more reactive than copper sulfate. Zinc is more reactive than copper. Copper is more reactive than zinc. (18 This question is about sound waves. (a) Look at these two identical sound waves. Which word describes how these two identical sound waves interact? @UCLES 2074 ‘o3eai02/0NNI289 (b) Sound wave A interacts with sound wave B. 2 1 distance from time centre ins incm sound wave A distance from centre ‘nr incm ins sound wave B (i) Write down one similarity between the new sound wave produced and sound wave A. td] (i) Complete the sentences. The loudness of the new sound wave is than sound wave A. This is because the waveform of the new sound wave has a smaller 2 ©.UCLES 2024 8030210124 [Turn over10 9 Yuri investigates the mass of magnesium salts in 1 kg samples of four different soils A, B, C and D. He writes his results in a notebook. eeeeeaeetare soil Ais 5.09 Dis64 B=04g there are 35.0g in © Draw a table and write all the results from the notebook in your table. Include the headings. (3) © UCLES 2024 ogoa/o2I0N2s1 10 The diagram shows the moder model of the structure of an atom. proton electron neutron {a) This model may change in the future, Explain why. (b) The chemical formula for water is HO. Look at the information about two other chemical formulae. The formula of: * iron oxide contains 2 atoms of iron and 3 atoms of oxygen * sodium carbonate contains 2 atoms of sodium, 1 atom of carbon and 3 atoms of oxygen. Write down the chemical formula for iron oxide and the chemical formula for sodium carbonate. iron oxide, sodium carbonate 2) eucies 2024 ogea,02101N24 [Turn over12 41 This question is about thermal energy. (a) Mia holds a handwarmer. The handwarmer produces 1250 J of thermal energy. Only 900 of thermal energy transfers to her hand from the handwarmer. Calculate how much thermal energy dissipates to the surroundings. thermal energy a) (b) Mia assembles the equipment shown in the diagram. glass tube A glass tube B burning candle glass The equipment demonstrates a method of thermal (heat) transfer. ‘The arrows in the diagram show the air flow in glass tube A, the box and glass tube B. why the air flows in the direction of the arrows. [3] @UcLES 2024 ‘0883/02/01N2813 12 This question is about processes in the carbon cycle. (a) Draw a straight line to match each process to its correct description. process description respiration breakdown of dead organisms feeding releases energy in cells ‘a chemical reaction between a decomposition fossil fuel and oxygen , oblaining nutrients from other combustion ee ie) (b) How many of these processes release carbon dioxide into the air? evi exsensin paveacvann (1) (c) Write down which one of these processes has increased in the last 100 years due to human activity. Explain your answer (d) Write down the name of one other process in the carbon cycle. ouctes 226 ossxarowes [Turn over14 413. Chen investigates the reaction between magnesium and dilute hydrochloric acid. Look at the diagram of the equipment he uses. 0 40 60 80 100cm* gas syringe flask. dilute hydrochloric acid 20,%08 i magnesium powder Chen: adds 50cm’ of dilute hydrochloric acid to the flask ‘* then adds 0.59 of magnesium powder to the flask * takes readings of the total volume of gas made every 10s during the reaction. Look at the table of his results. time total volume of gas made ins incm® 0 0 10 20 20 36 40 49 50 50 60 5015 (a) (i) Complete Chen's graph by: * plotting all the points * drawing the curve of best fit 60 40 total volume of gasmade 30° in cm 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50, 60 time in s (2) (ii) Chen does not measure the total volume of gas made in 30s Predict the total volume of gas made in 30s. volume of gas made in 30s = (b) Chen repeats the experiment using lumps of magnesium, The rate of this reaction is slower. Explain why using the particle model 2) © ULES 2078 aeai02/0Ni28 [Turn over16 14 Jamila and Lily discuss fetal development. Jamila says, ‘Iread on the internet that a mother can eat anything she likes when she is pregnant and it will not harm the fetus.” Lily says, ‘Idon't agree. | think a good diet is very important for fetal development.’ Who do you agree with? Give one reason for your answer. 15 Plants use water in photosynthesis. (a) Write down the word equation for photosynthesis | {b) Photosynthesis needs an energy source. What is the energy source for photosynthesis?